The Missa Sancti Bernardi von Offida is a

mass Mass is an intrinsic property of a body. It was traditionally believed to be related to the quantity of matter in a physical body, until the discovery of the atom and particle physics. It was found that different atoms and different elementar ...

B-flat major B-flat major is a major scale based on B, with pitches B, C, D, E, F, G, and A. Its key signature has two flats. Its relative minor is G minor and its parallel minor is B-flat minor. The B-flat major scale is: : Many transposing instr ...

Joseph Haydn Franz Joseph Haydn ( , ; 31 March 173231 May 1809) was an Austrian composer of the Classical period (music), Classical period. He was instrumental in the development of chamber music such as the string quartet and piano trio. His contributions ...

, Hob. XXII:10, Novello 1, was written the same year as the

Missa in tempore belli ''Missa in tempore belli'' ('' en, Mass in Time of War'') is a setting of the mass by Joseph Haydn. It is catalogued Mass No. 10The Haydn masses are sorted using chronological indices given by New Grove. The Hoboken catalogue had also placed the m ...

(1796), and it "may have been the first mass Haydn wrote after his return from England." Yet it may also have been the second. It is usually given as Haydn's ninth setting of the mass, though its Hoboken number is XXII:10. This mass was written in honor of St. Bernard of Offida, a Capuchin monk who devoted himself to helping the poor; a century after the monk's death, he was beatified by

Pope Pius VI Pope Pius VI ( it, Pio VI; born Count Giovanni Angelo Braschi, 25 December 171729 August 1799) was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 15 February 1775 to his death in August 1799. Pius VI condemned the French Revoluti ...

. Scored for four soloists, choir, 2

oboe The oboe ( ) is a type of double reed woodwind instrument. Oboes are usually made of wood, but may also be made of synthetic materials, such as plastic, resin, or hybrid composites. The most common oboe plays in the treble or soprano range. A ...

clarinet The clarinet is a musical instrument in the woodwind family. The instrument has a nearly cylindrical bore and a flared bell, and uses a single reed to produce sound. Clarinets comprise a family of instruments of differing sizes and pitches ...

s (a later revision expanded their partHeartz (2009) p. 561), 2

bassoon The bassoon is a woodwind instrument in the double reed family, which plays in the tenor and bass ranges. It is composed of six pieces, and is usually made of wood. It is known for its distinctive tone color, wide range, versatility, and virtuo ...

s, 2

trumpet The trumpet is a brass instrument commonly used in classical and jazz ensembles. The trumpet group ranges from the piccolo trumpet—with the highest register in the brass family—to the bass trumpet, pitched one octave below the standard ...

s in B-flat,

timpani Timpani (; ) or kettledrums (also informally called timps) are musical instruments in the percussion family. A type of drum categorised as a hemispherical drum, they consist of a membrane called a head stretched over a large bowl traditionall ...

, strings and

organ Organ may refer to: Biology * Organ (biology), a part of an organism Musical instruments * Organ (music), a family of keyboard musical instruments characterized by sustained tone ** Electronic organ, an electronic keyboard instrument ** Hammond ...

, the latter supplying

figured bass Figured bass is musical notation in which numerals and symbols appear above or below (or next to) a bass note. The numerals and symbols (often accidentals) indicate intervals, chords, and non-chord tones that a musician playing piano, harpsic ...

for most of the duration. The setting is divided into six movements. # Kyrie Adagio - Allegro moderato, B-flat major, 3/4 # Gloria Vivace, B-flat major,

common time The time signature (also known as meter signature, metre signature, or measure signature) is a notational convention used in Western musical notation to specify how many beats (pulses) are contained in each measure (bar), and which note value ...

#: "Gratias agimus tibi" Allegretto, G minor, 3/4 #:: "Qui tollis peccata mundi" Più allegro, G minor, 3/4 #: "Quoniam tu solus sanctus" Vivace, common time # Credo Allegro, B-flat major,

cut time ''Alla breve'' also known as cut time or cut common timeis a musical meter notated by the time signature symbol (a C with a vertical line through it), which is the equivalent of . The term is Italian for "on the breve", originally meaning tha ...

#: "Et incarnatus est" Adagio,

E-flat major E-flat major (or the key of E-flat) is a major scale based on E, consisting of the pitches E, F, G, A, B, C, and D. Its key signature has three flats. Its relative minor is C minor, and its parallel minor is E minor, (or enharmonically ...

, 3/4 #: "Et resurrexit" Allegro, B-flat major, 3/4 #: "Et vitam venturi" Vivace assai, B-flat major, 3/4 # Sanctus Adagio, B-flat major, cut time #: "Pleni sunt coeli" Allegro, B-flat major, 3/4 # Benedictus Moderato,

, 2/4 # Agnus Dei Adagio,

B-flat minor B-flat minor is a minor scale based on B, consisting of the pitches B, C, D, E, F, G, and A. Its key signature has five flats. Its relative major is D-flat major and its parallel major is B-flat major. Its enharmonic equivalent, A-sharp m ...

, 3/4 #: "Dona nobis pacem" Allegro, B-flat major, 3/4 The Sanctus section of the mass is a setting of a then-popular Austrian tune to the German translation of Sanctus, "Heilig". The Mass takes its popular German title ''Heiligmesse'' from this section. The mass includes what are, for the time, unexpected modulations and innovative use of third relations that would influence later mass settings by nineteenth-century composers. The Quoniam in

Anton Bruckner Josef Anton Bruckner (; 4 September 182411 October 1896) was an Austrian composer, organist, and music theorist best known for his symphonies, masses, Te Deum and motets. The first are considered emblematic of the final stage of Austro-Germ ...

's Missa Solemnis in B-flat minor quotes this mass.Hawkshaw (2004) p. 45

Notes

References

* Hawkshaw, Paul (2004). "Bruckner's large sacred compositions" '' The Cambridge Companion to Bruckner'' edited by Williamson, John. Cambridge University Press. Cambridge. * Heartz, Daniel (2009). ''Mozart, Haydn and Early Beethoven: 1781 — 1802'' W. W. Norton & Co. New York. * Hugues, Rosemary (1974). ''Haydn''. J. M. Dent & Sons Ltd. London. * Larsen, Jans Peter; Feder, Georg (1997). ''The New Grove Haydn'' W. W. Norton & Co. New York. . * Schenbeck, Lawrence (1996). ''Joseph Haydn and the Classical Choral Tradition''. Hinshaw Music. Chapel Hill, North Carolina. * Strimple, Nick (2008). ''Choral music in the nineteenth century''. Hal Leonard. New York.

External links

* * {{Authority control Masses by Joseph Haydn Compositions in B-flat major 1796 compositions