Serbia ranked 65th in the world in

life expectancy Life expectancy is a statistical measure of the average time an organism is expected to live, based on the year of its birth, current age, and other demographic factors like sex. The most commonly used measure is life expectancy at birth ...

in 2018 with 73.3 years for men and 78.5 years for women. As of 2018, it had a low

infant mortality Infant mortality is the death of young children under the age of 1. This death toll is measured by the infant mortality rate (IMR), which is the probability of deaths of children under one year of age per 1000 live births. The under-five morta ...

rate (4.86 per 1,000 live births). As of 2017, it had 2.96 practicing physicians (not including

Kosovo Kosovo ( sq, Kosova or ; sr-Cyrl, Косово ), officially the Republic of Kosovo ( sq, Republika e Kosovës, links=no; sr, Република Косово, Republika Kosovo, links=no), is a partially recognised state in Southeast Euro ...

) per 1,000 people. With 14.55 deaths per 1,000 persons, Serbia is among the world's ten countries with the highest

mortality rate Mortality rate, or death rate, is a measure of the number of deaths (in general, or due to a specific cause) in a particular population, scaled to the size of that population, per unit of time. Mortality rate is typically expressed in units of de ...

. The Human Rights Measurement Initiative finds that Serbia is fulfilling 71.3% of what it should be fulfilling for the right to health based on its level of income. When looking at the right to health with respect to children, Serbia achieves 99.4% of what is expected based on its current income. In regards to the right to health amongst the adult population, the country achieves 91.8% of what is expected based on the nation's level of income. Serbia falls into the "very bad" category when evaluating the right to reproductive health because the nation is fulfilling only 22.7% of what the nation is expected to achieve based on the resources (income) it has available.

History

The Institute of Public Health of Serbia was first established in 1919, when it was called the Ministerial Commission for Epidemiology. In 1945, it was called the Central Institute of Hygiene and encompassed the Federal Institute of Hygiene, the Institute of Epidemiology, and the Institute of Bacteriology and Epidemiology. It changed its name to the Institute of Public Health of Serbia in 2006.

Statistics

Health care overview

As of 2014, the expenditure on health care in Serbia was 10.37% of

GDP Gross domestic product (GDP) is a monetary measure of the market value of all the final goods and services produced and sold (not resold) in a specific time period by countries. Due to its complex and subjective nature this measure is often ...

in 2014, US$1,312 per capita. Also, as of 2014, Serbia had 308 doctors per 100,000 people (360 per 100,000 people was European Union (EU) average), 628 non-doctoral medical staff per 100,000 people (1,199 per 100,000 people was EU average). Although there is a trend of decreasing number of hospital beds per 100,000 people in Europe due to better efficiency and diagnostics, Serbia is among the leading countries in Europe with 552 hospital beds per 100,000 people. In terms of the availability of medical equipment, Serbia is slightly trailing behind the average of EU countries.

Health metrics

The

rate in 2018 stood at 73.22 years for men and 78.08 for women. With 14.55 deaths per 1,000 persons, Serbia is among the world's ten countries with the highest

. As of 2018, the

stood at 4.86 deaths per 1,000 live births. There is decreasing linear trend over the decades, as in 1950 that number stood at 118.11, in 1970 it was at 56.26, in 1990 it was at 10.64, in 2010 it was at 6.73 deaths per 1,000 live births. The leading causes of death are chronic

non-communicable disease A non-communicable disease (NCD) is a disease that is not transmissible directly from one person to another. NCDs include Parkinson's disease, autoimmune diseases, strokes, most heart diseases, most cancers, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, os ...

s. As of 2018, a total of 101,655 people died in Serbia, of which 23,922 (23.5%) were 85 years or older, followed by 20,315 (20%) that were in age group of 80-84 and 15,331 (15.1%) that were in age group of 75–79 years old. As of 2018, the leading cause of death were diseases of

cardiovascular system The blood circulatory system is a system of organs that includes the heart, blood vessels, and blood which is circulated throughout the entire body of a human or other vertebrate. It includes the cardiovascular system, or vascular system, tha ...

with 52,663 (51.8%) deaths, followed by

neoplasm A neoplasm () is a type of abnormal and excessive growth of tissue. The process that occurs to form or produce a neoplasm is called neoplasia. The growth of a neoplasm is uncoordinated with that of the normal surrounding tissue, and persists ...

s (tumors) with 22,084 (21.7%) deaths. Other causes of death were diseases of

respiratory system The respiratory system (also respiratory apparatus, ventilatory system) is a biological system consisting of specific organs and structures used for gas exchange in animals and plants. The anatomy and physiology that make this happen varies grea ...

with 5,250 (5.2%) deaths, group of

endocrine The endocrine system is a messenger system comprising feedback loops of the hormones released by internal glands of an organism directly into the circulatory system, regulating distant target organs. In vertebrates, the hypothalamus is the neu ...

nutrition Nutrition is the biochemical and physiological process by which an organism uses food to support its life. It provides organisms with nutrients, which can be metabolized to create energy and chemical structures. Failure to obtain sufficient n ...

al and

metabolic Metabolism (, from el, μεταβολή ''metabolē'', "change") is the set of life-sustaining chemical reactions in organisms. The three main functions of metabolism are: the conversion of the energy in food to energy available to run cell ...

diseases with 3,324 (3.3%) deaths, diseases of the

digestive system The human digestive system consists of the gastrointestinal tract plus the accessory organs of digestion (the tongue, salivary glands, pancreas, liver, and gallbladder). Digestion involves the breakdown of food into smaller and smaller compone ...

with 3,204 (3.2%) deaths. As of 2018, a total of 2,806 people died by violence, of which 2,065 (73.6%) were men and 741 were women (26.4%). Of total number of violent deaths, 1,463 were caused by accident, 949 were suicides and 98 were homicides. Serbia is among world's ten countries with highest smoking rate, and it has the highest rate in Europe of female smokers (40%), and the fifth-highest rate of male smokers (44%). In 2015, it was estimated that 11.96% of the population had diabetes, costing about $666 per person per year.

References

External links