Hawke Bay ( mi, Te Matau-a-Māui), formerly named ''Hawke's Bay'', is a large bay on the east coast of the
North Island of New Zealand,
surrounded by the
Hawke's Bay
Hawke's Bay ( mi, Te Matau-a-Māui) is a local government region on the east coast of New Zealand's North Island. The region's name derives from Hawke Bay, which was named by Captain James Cook in honour of Admiral Edward Hawke. The region i ...
region. It stretches from
Māhia Peninsula
Māhia Peninsula (Maori: or ) is located on the east coast of New Zealand's North Island, in the Hawke's Bay region, between the towns of Wairoa and Gisborne.
Rocket Lab has set up its Launch Complex 1 close to Ahuriri Point at the south ...
in the northeast to
Cape Kidnappers / Te Kauwae-a-Māui in the southwest, a distance of some .
Captain
James Cook, sailing in
HMS ''Endeavour'', entered the bay on 12 October 1769. After exploring it, he named it for Sir
Edward Hawke, First Lord of the Admiralty, on 15 October 1769, describing it as some 13
leagues (about ) across. Hawke had decisively defeated the French at the
Battle of Quiberon Bay
The Battle of Quiberon Bay (known as ''Bataille des Cardinaux'' in French) was a decisive naval engagement during the Seven Years' War. It was fought on 20 November 1759 between the Royal Navy and the French Navy in Quiberon Bay, off the coast ...
in 1759.
[
This part of the New Zealand coast is subject to tectonic uplift, with the land being raised out of the sea. For this reason, the coastal land in this area has significant marine deposits, with both marine and land dinosaur fossils having been found inland. The Napier earthquake of 3 February 1931 resulted in several parts of the seabed close to the city of Napier being raised above sea level. Because the central mountain ranges come close to the coast at the north end of the bay, much of the bay's northerly coastline has deeply eroded tablelands that end in steep seaside cliffs which descend to narrow beaches.
Despite the bay being renamed ''Hawke Bay'', without an apostrophe, the region surrounding it continues to bear the former name of ''Hawke's Bay''. Several medium-sized towns are located in the immediate surrounds of the bay, including ]Wairoa
Wairoa is a town and territorial authority district in New Zealand's North Island. The town is the northernmost in the Hawke's Bay region, and is located on the northern shore of Hawke Bay at the mouth of the Wairoa River and to the west o ...
at the mouth of the Wairoa River and its flood plain in the north, the so-called 'twin cities' of Napier and Hastings
Hastings () is a large seaside town and borough in East Sussex on the south coast of England,
east to the county town of Lewes and south east of London. The town gives its name to the Battle of Hastings, which took place to the north-west ...
in the south, and the town of Havelock North
Havelock North ( mi, Te Hemo-a-Te Atonga) is a town in the Hawke's Bay region of the North Island of New Zealand, situated less than 2 km south-east of the city of Hastings. It was a borough for many years until the 1989 reorganisation of loca ...
slightly further inland. Napier Port serves as the main export port for the region, and is the second largest in the North Island by tonnage.
References
External links
{{Commons category-inline
Landforms of the Hawke's Bay Region
Bays of New Zealand