''Haustellum'' is a

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus com ...

of medium-sized

sea snail Sea snail is a common name for slow-moving marine gastropod molluscs, usually with visible external shells, such as whelk or abalone. They share the taxonomic class Gastropoda with slugs, which are distinguished from snails primarily by the ...

marine Marine is an adjective meaning of or pertaining to the sea or ocean. Marine or marines may refer to: Ocean * Maritime (disambiguation) * Marine art * Marine biology * Marine debris * Marine habitats * Marine life * Marine pollution Military * ...

gastropod The gastropods (), commonly known as snails and slugs, belong to a large taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda (). This class comprises snails and slugs from saltwater, from freshwater, and from land. T ...

mollusk Mollusca is the second-largest phylum of invertebrate animals after the Arthropoda, the members of which are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 85,000 extant species of molluscs are recognized. The number of fossil species is e ...

s in the

family Family (from la, familia) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its ...

Muricidae Muricidae is a large and varied taxonomic family of small to large predatory sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks, commonly known as murex snails or rock snails. With about 1,600 living species, the Muricidae represent almost 10% of the Neogas ...

, the murex snails or rock snails. Like many other genera within the Muricidae, the genus has been redefined several times. Ponder & Vokes (1988) and Vokes (1990) included American and Indo-Pacific species in ''Haustellum'', which differs from ''

Murex ''Murex'' is a genus of medium to large sized predatory tropical sea snails. These are carnivorous marine gastropod molluscs in the family Muricidae, commonly called "murexes" or "rock snails".Houart, R.; Gofas, S. (2010). Murex Linnaeus, 1758 ...

'' sensu stricto by lacking a labral spine. Petuch (1994) introduced ''

Vokesimurex ''Vokesimurex'' is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails. Species Species within the genus ''Vokesimurex'' include: * '' Vokesimurex aliquantulus'' Houart & Héros, 2015 * ...

'' for the American long-canalled ''Haustellum'' sensu Vokes (1990), such as '' Murex messorius'' Sowerby, 1841. Houart (1999) transferred 14 Indo-Pacific species and three subspecies of ''Haustellum'' in the genus ''

''. As currently defined, ''Haustellum'' is represented by eight to nine species. Members of ''Haustellum'' generally differ from those of ''

'' in having a globose and low-spired shape, a more rounded

aperture In optics, an aperture is a hole or an opening through which light travels. More specifically, the aperture and focal length of an optical system determine the cone angle of a bundle of rays that come to a focus in the image plane. An opt ...

, a smooth

columella Lucius Junius Moderatus Columella (; Arabic: , 4 – ) was a prominent writer on agriculture in the Roman Empire. His ' in twelve volumes has been completely preserved and forms an important source on Roman agriculture, together with the wo ...

, a less deep anal notch, and no cord spine.

Species

Species within the genus ''Haustellum'' include: * ''

Haustellum barbieri ''Haustellum barbieri'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Muricidae Muricidae is a large and varied taxonomic family of small to large predatory sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks, commonly known as mu ...

'' Houart, 1993 * ''

Haustellum bengalense ''Haustellum'' is a genus of medium-sized sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails. Like many other genera within the Muricidae, the genus has been redefined several times. Ponder & Vokes (19 ...

'' Bozzetti, 2016 * ''

Haustellum bondarevi ''Haustellum bondarevi'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Muricidae Muricidae is a large and varied taxonomic family of small to large predatory sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks, commonly known as m ...

'' Houart, 1999 *''

Haustellum damarcoi ''Haustellum'' is a genus of medium-sized sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails. Like many other genera within the Muricidae, the genus has been redefined several times. Ponder & Vokes (19 ...

'' Briano & Damarco, 2011 * '' Haustellum fallax'' (E. A. Smith, 1901) * ''

Haustellum franchii ''Haustellum franchii'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Muricidae Muricidae is a large and varied taxonomic family of small to large predatory sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks, commonly known as ...

'' Bozzetti, 1993 * ''

Haustellum haustellum ''Haustellum haustellum'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails. It is the type species of the genus ''Haustellum'' Schumacher, 1817. Description Distribution ''Hau ...

'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''

Haustellum kurodai ''Haustellum kurodai'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Muricidae Muricidae is a large and varied taxonomic family of small to large predatory sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks, commonly known a ...

'' Shikama, 1964 * ''

Haustellum langleitae ''Haustellum'' is a genus of medium-sized sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails. Like many other genera within the Muricidae, the genus has been redefined several times. Ponder & Vokes (19 ...

'' Houart, 1993 * ''

Haustellum longicaudum ''Haustellum longicaudum'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Muricidae Muricidae is a large and varied taxonomic family of small to large predatory sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks, commonly known as ...

'' (F. C. Baker, 1891) * ''

Haustellum lorenzi ''Haustellum'' is a genus of medium-sized sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails. Like many other genera within the Muricidae, the genus has been redefined several times. Ponder & Vokes (19 ...

'' Houart, 2013 * ''

Haustellum tweedianum ''Haustellum'' is a genus of medium-sized sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails. Like many other genera within the Muricidae, the genus has been redefined several times. Ponder & Vokes (19 ...

'' (Macpherson, 1962): * ''

Haustellum vicdani ''Haustellum'' is a genus of medium-sized sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails. Like many other genera within the Muricidae, the genus has been redefined several times. Ponder & Vokes (19 ...

'' Kosuge, 1980 * ''

Haustellum wilsoni ''Haustellum wilsoni'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Muricidae Muricidae is a large and varied taxonomic family of small to large predatory sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks, commonly known as mur ...

'' D'Attilio & Old, 1971 ;Species brought into synonymy: * ''Haustellum bellegladeensis'' (E. H. Vokes, 1963) : synonym of ''

Vokesimurex bellegladeensis ''Vokesimurex bellegladeensis'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family (biology), family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails. Description Distribution References * Petuch E.J. & Sargent D.M. (2011) Rare ...

'' (E. H. Vokes, 1963) * ''Haustellum bengalensis'' Bozzetti, 2016 : synonym of ''Haustellum bengalense'' Bozzetti, 2016 (wrong gender agreement of specific epithet) * ''Haustellum bobyini'' (Kosuge, 1983): synonym of ''

Vokesimurex bobyini ''Vokesimurex bobyini'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Muricidae Muricidae is a large and varied taxonomic family of small to large predatory sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks, commonly known as ...

'' (Kosuge, 1983) * ''Haustellum brandaris'' (Linnaeus, 1758) is a synonym for ''

Bolinus brandaris ''Bolinus brandaris'' (originally called ''Murex brandaris'' by Linnaeus and also Haustellum brandaris), and commonly known as the purple dye murex or the spiny dye-murex, is a species of medium-sized predatory sea snail, an edible marine gastr ...

'' (Linnaeus, 1758)Houart, R.; Gofas, S. (2009). ''Bolinus brandaris'' (Linnaeus, 1758). In: Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S.; Rosenberg, G. World Marine Mollusca database. Accessed through the World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=140389 on 2010-08-31 * ''Haustellum clavatum'' Schumacher, 1817: synonym of ''

'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Haustellum danilai'' Houart, 1992: synonym of ''

Vokesimurex danilai ''Vokesimurex danilai'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family (biology), family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails. Description Distribution References

Muricidae Gastropods described in 1992 ...

'' (Houart, 1992) * ''Haustellum dentifer'' (Watson, 1883): synonym of Vokesimurex dentifer dentifer (Watson, 1883) * ''Haustellum dolichourus'' Ponder & Vokes, 1988: synonym of ''

Vokesimurex dolichourus ''Vokesimurex dolichourus'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Muricidae Muricidae is a large and varied taxonomic family of small to large predatory sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks, commonly known as ...

'' (Ponder & Vokes, 1988) * ''Haustellum elenense'' (Dall, 1909): synonym of ''

Vokesimurex elenensis ''Vokesimurex elenensis'', common name the (Santa) Elena murex, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family (biology), family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails. Description The size of the shell varies between ...

'' (Dall, 1909) * ''Haustellum gallinago'' (G.B. Sowerby III, 1903): synonym of ''

Vokesimurex gallinago ''Vokesimurex gallinago'', common name the hen murex, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails. Description The size of the shell varies between 40 mm and 100 mm. ...

'' (G.B. Sowerby III, 1903) * ''Haustellum hirasei'' (Hirase, 1915): synonym of ''

Vokesimurex hirasei ''Vokesimurex hirasei'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family (biology), family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails. References

Gastropods described in 1915 Vokesimurex {{Muricinae-stub ...

'' (Hirase, 1915) * ''Haustellum kiiensis'' (Kira, 1959): synonym of ''

Vokesimurex kiiensis ''Vokesimurex kiiensis'', common name Kii Murex, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Muricidae Muricidae is a large and varied taxonomic family of small to large predatory sea snails, marine gastropod mollusk ...

'' (Kira, 1959) * ''Haustellum laeve'' Schumacher, 1817: synonym of ''Haustellum haustellum'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Haustellum malabaricum'' (E. A. Smith, 1894): synonym of ''

Vokesimurex malabaricus ''Vokesimurex malabaricus'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails. Description The shell of an adult specimen grows to a length of 85 mm. Distribution This marine ...

'' (E. A. Smith, 1894) * ''Haustellum mindanaoensis'' (G.B. Sowerby II, 1841): synonym of ''

Vokesimurex mindanaoensis ''Vokesimurex mindanaoensis'', common name the Mindanao murex, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family (biology), family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails. Description The size of the shell varies between 5 ...

'' (G.B. Sowerby II, 1841) * ''Haustellum multiplicatus'' (Sowerby, 1895): synonym of ''

Vokesimurex multiplicatus ''Vokesimurex multiplicatus'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails. There are two subspecies: * ''Vokesimurex multiplicatus bantamensis'' (Martin, 1895) (synonyms: ''Mur ...

'' (Sowerby, 1895) * ''Haustellum nobile'' Schumacher, 1817: synonym of '' Murex pecten pecten'' Lightfoot, 1786 * ''Haustellum purdyae'' (Radwin & D'Attilio, 1976): synonym of '' Vokesimurex purdyae'' (Radwin & D'Attilio, 1976) * ''Haustellum rectirostris'' (Sowerby, 1841): synonym of '' Vokesimurex rectirostris'' (Sowerby, 1841) * ''Haustellum sobrinus'' (A. Adams, 1863): synonym of '' Vokesimurex sobrinus'' (A. Adams, 1863)

Paleontology

There is no record of extinct species in the geological register. The oldest member is the type species ''

'' from the Indo-Pacific province. It is recorded from the Miocene of Borneo (Beets, 1941), the Pliocene of Java, Indonesia and the

Plio-Pleistocene The Plio-Pleistocene is an informally described geological pseudo-period, which begins about 5 million years ago (Mya) and, drawing forward, combines the time ranges of the formally defined Pliocene and Pleistocene epochs—marking from about 5&nbs ...

of the Malaysian Archipelago.

References

Schumacher C.F. (1817). ''Essai d'un nouveau système des habitations des vers testacés''. Schultz, Copenghagen pp. [IV] + 288 + 22 pl.
* Beets, C. (1941). ''Eine jungmiocäne Mollusken Fauna von der Halbinsel Mangkalihat, Ost Borneo''. Verhandelingen Geologisch-Mijnbouwkunig Genootshap Nederland en Kolonien. Geologisch Serie 13 (1): 1-218. * Houart, R. (1999). ''Review of the Indo-Pacific species of ''Haustellum'' Schumacher, 1817 and comments on ''Vokesimurex'' Petuch, 1994 (Gastropoda: Muricidae) with the description of ''H. bondarevi n. sp.'' Apex 14 (3-8): 81-107. * Merle, D., Garrigues, B. & Pointier, J.-P. (2011). ''Fossil and Recent Muricidae of the World, Part Muricinae''. 648 pp., 182 colour plates, Hackenheim. . * Petuch, E. J. (1994). ''Atlas of Florida fossil shells''. 394 pp. Chicago. * Ponder, W. F. & Vokes, E. H. (1988). ''A revision of the Indo-West Pacific fossil and recent Species of ''Murex'' s.s. and ''Haustellum'' (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Muricidae)''. Records of the Australian Museum, Suppl. 8: 1-160. * Vokes, E. H. (1990): ''Cenozoic Muricidae of the Western Atlantic region, Part VIII - ''Murex'' s.s., ''Haustellum'', ''Chicoreus'', ''Hexaplex''; additions and corrections''. Tulane Studies in Geology and Paleontology 23 (1-3): 1-96. * Houart R. (2014). ''Living Muricidae of the world. Muricinae. Murex, Promurex, Haustellum, Bolinus, Vokesimurex and Siratus.'' Harxheim: ConchBooks. 197 pp. {{Authority control Muricidae