is a

German German(s) may refer to: * Germany (of or related to) **Germania (historical use) * Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language ** For citizens of Germany, see also German nationality law **Ger ...

word usually translated as

captain Captain is a title, an appellative for the commanding officer of a military unit; the supreme leader of a navy ship, merchant ship, aeroplane, spacecraft, or other vessel; or the commander of a port, fire or police department, election precinct, e ...

when it is used as an officer's rank in the

, Austrian, and Swiss armies. While in contemporary German means 'main', it also has and originally had the meaning of 'head', i.e. ' literally translates to 'head-man', which is also the etymological root of ''captain'' (from

Latin Latin (, or , ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally a dialect spoken in the lower Tiber area (then known as Latium) around present-day Rome, but through the power ...

, 'head'). It equates to the rank of captain in the British and US Armies, and is rated OF-2 in

NATO The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO, ; french: Organisation du traité de l'Atlantique nord, ), also called the North Atlantic Alliance, is an intergovernmental military alliance between 30 member states – 28 European and two No ...

. Currently there is no female form, like ''Hauptfrau'' within the military, the correct form of address is "''Frau Hauptmann''". More generally, a Hauptmann can be the head of any hierarchically structured group of people, often as a compound word. For example, a is the captain of a fire brigade, while refers to the leader of a gang of robbers. Official Austrian and German titles incorporating the word include , , , and . In

Saxony Saxony (german: Sachsen ; Upper Saxon: ''Saggsn''; hsb, Sakska), officially the Free State of Saxony (german: Freistaat Sachsen, links=no ; Upper Saxon: ''Freischdaad Saggsn''; hsb, Swobodny stat Sakska, links=no), is a landlocked state of ...

during the

Weimar Republic The German Reich, commonly referred to as the Weimar Republic,, was a historical period of Germany from 9 November 1918 to 23 March 1933, during which it was a constitutional federal republic for the first time in history; hence it is also r ...

, the titles of , and were held by senior civil servants. (from Early Modern High German ) is cognate with the Swedish , which also has the root meaning 'head-man' or 'the man at the head', and is closely related to , meaning ' chieftain'. Since medieval times, both titles have been used for state administrators rather than military personnel. may also be the origin of the title

hetman ( uk, гетьман, translit=het'man) is a political title from Central and Eastern Europe, historically assigned to military commanders. Used by the Czechs in Bohemia since the 15th century. It was the title of the second-highest military ...

, used in Central and Eastern Europe.

Austria

File:Bundesheer - Rank insignia - Hauptmann.png, Army

Germany

Rank insignia

On the shoulder straps (Heer, Luftwaffe) there are three silver pips (stars).

Switzerland

File:OF-5 CH.gif, Army

Swiss Guard

Rank insignia of Hauptmann (OF-2) Pontifical Swiss Guard.svg, Army

References

External links

Deutsches Wörterbuch, Hauptmann
{{German military ranks Military ranks of Germany Military ranks of Austria Military ranks German words and phrases