Hatakambari (pronounced Hātakāmbari
[''Sri Muthuswami Dikshitar Keertanaigal'' by Vidwan A Sundaram Iyer, Pub. 1989, Music Book Publishers, Mylapore, Chennai]) is a
ragam in
Carnatic music
Carnatic music, known as or in the South Indian languages, is a system of music commonly associated with South India, including the modern Indian states of Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Kerala and Tamil Nadu, and Sri Lanka. It is ...
(musical scale of South Indian classical music). It is the 18th ''
Melakarta'' rāgam in the 72 ''melakarta'' rāgam system of Carnatic music.
It is called Jayashuddhamālavi in
Muthuswami Dikshitar
Muthuswami Dikshitar (Mudduswamy Dikshitar)(, 24 March 1776 – 21 October 1835), mononymously Dikshitar, was a South Indian poet, singer and veena player, and a legendary composer of Indian classical music, who is considered one of the musical ...
school of Carnatic music.
[''Ragas in Carnatic music'' by Dr. S. Bhagyalekshmy, Pub. 1990, CBH Publications][''Raganidhi'' by P. Subba Rao, Pub. 1964, The Music Academy of Madras]
Structure and Lakshana
It is the 6th rāgam in the 3rd ''chakra Agni''. The mnemonic name is ''Agni-Sha''. The mnemonic phrase is ''sa ra gu ma pa dhu nu''.
Its structure (ascending and descending scale) is as follows (see
''swaras'' in Carnatic music for details on below notation and terms):
*
:
*
:
(the notes used in this scale are ''shuddha rishabham, antara gandharam, shuddha madhyamam, shatsruthi dhaivatham, kakali nishadham'')
As it is a ''melakarta'' rāgam, by definition it is a
''sampoorna'' rāgam (has all seven notes in ascending and descending scale). It is the ''shuddha madhyamam'' equivalent of ''
Vishwambari'', which is the 54th ''melakarta''.
Asampurna Melakarta
Jayashuddhamālavi is the 18th ''Melakarta'' in the original list compiled by
Venkatamakhin
Venkatamakhin (; ) or Venkatamakhi, was an Indian poet, musician, and musicologist of Carnatic music. He is renowned for his '' Chaturdandiprakashika'' in which he explicates the melakarta system of classifying ragas. Venkatamakhin composed ...
. The notes used in the scale are the same, but the scales are different. It is an ''shadava-sampurna'' raga (6 notes in ascending scale, while full 7 are used in descending scale in zig-zag manner, ''vakra prayoga'').
*
:
*
:
''Janya'' rāgams
''Hatakambari'' has a few minor ''
janya
''Janya'' is a term meaning "derive". In Carnatic (South Indian) music a ''janya raga'' is one derived from one of the 72 ''melakarta'' ragas (fundamental melodic structures). ''Janya'' ragas are classified into various types based on a varie ...
'' rāgams (derived scales) associated with it. See
List of ''janya'' rāgams to view all rāgams associated with ''Hatakambari''.
Compositions
Few compositions set to ''Hatakambari'' are:
*''Naraharim'' by
Muthuswami Dikshitar
Muthuswami Dikshitar (Mudduswamy Dikshitar)(, 24 March 1776 – 21 October 1835), mononymously Dikshitar, was a South Indian poet, singer and veena player, and a legendary composer of Indian classical music, who is considered one of the musical ...
*''Alalagada'' by
Koteeswara Iyer
*''RakshĀsumam srÎ lakshmÎ Pathe'' by Dr.
M. Balamuralikrishna.
Related rāgams
This section covers the theoretical and scientific aspect of this rāgam.
''Hatakambari's'' notes when shifted using ''
Graha bhedam'', yields one other minor ''melakarta'' rāgams, namely, ''
Gavambhodi
Gavambodhi (pronounced gavāmbōdhi, meanin ''The teacher of the cows'') is a ragam in Carnatic music (musical scale of South Indian classical music). It is the 43rd '' Melakarta'' rāgam in the 72 ''melakarta'' rāgam system of Carnatic music. ...
''. ''Graha bhedam'' is the step taken in keeping the relative note frequencies same, while shifting the ''shadjam'' to the next note in the rāgam. For further details and an illustration refer ''
Graha bhedam on Hatakambari''.
Notes
References
{{Janya, state=collapsed
Melakarta ragas