Hassan Abu Basha ( ar, حسن أبو باشا; 2 December 1922 – 18 September 2005) was a major general
and one of the former
ministers of interior of Egypt who was in office for two years from January 1982 to July 1984.
Early life and education
Basha was born in
Cairo
Cairo ( ; ar, القاهرة, al-Qāhirah, ) is the capital of Egypt and its largest city, home to 10 million people. It is also part of the largest urban agglomeration in Africa, the Arab world and the Middle East: The Greater Cairo metro ...
on 2 December 1922. He graduated from the police academy in 1945.
[
]
Career
Basha was a leading figure during the Nasser
Gamal Abdel Nasser Hussein, . (15 January 1918 – 28 September 1970) was an Egyptian politician who served as the second president of Egypt from 1954 until his death in 1970. Nasser led the Egyptian revolution of 1952 and introduced Egyptian ...
era.[ He was a member of the ]Arab Socialist Union
The Arab Socialist Union may refer to:
*Arab Socialist Union (Egypt), active 1962–78
*Arab Socialist Union (Iraq), active 1964–68
*Libyan Arab Socialist Union, active 1971−77
*Arab Socialist Union Party (Syria), founded in 1973
*Democratic Ar ...
from 1962 and became part of its secret unit, the Socialist Vanguard (Arabic: al-Tanzim al-Tali‘i), which was also called the Vanguard Organization, in 1963 when the unit was established. He served as deputy interior minister when Nabawi Ismail
Nabawi İsmail (1925 – 15 June 2009) was one of the interior ministers of Egypt who was in office when Anwar Sadat was assassinated. Therefore, he is the last interior minister of Sadat.
Early life and education
Ismail was born in Al Darb ...
was in office under President
President most commonly refers to:
*President (corporate title)
*President (education), a leader of a college or university
*President (government title)
President may also refer to:
Automobiles
* Nissan President, a 1966–2010 Japanese ful ...
Anwar Sadat
Muhammad Anwar el-Sadat, (25 December 1918 – 6 October 1981) was an Egyptian politician and military officer who served as the third president of Egypt, from 15 October 1970 until his assassination by fundamentalist army officers on 6 ...
. As assistant minister, he organized operations against fundamentalists and arrested them at the end of the 1970s. He also led such operations following the assassination
Assassination is the murder of a prominent or important person, such as a head of state, head of government, politician, world leader, member of a royal family or CEO. The murder of a celebrity, activist, or artist, though they may not have ...
of Anwar Sadat in October 1981.
Basha was appointed interior minister in January 1982 by President Hosni Mobarak
Muhammad Hosni El Sayed Mubarak, (; 4 May 1928 – 25 February 2020) was an Egyptian politician and military officer who served as the fourth president of Egypt from 1981 to 2011.
Before he entered politics, Mubarak was a career officer in t ...
, replacing Nabawi Ismail in the post. Basha preferred dialogue instead of coercion to deal with social and political problems.[ His attitude towards the Islamists, including the ]Muslim Brotherhood
The Society of the Muslim Brothers ( ar, جماعة الإخوان المسلمين'' ''), better known as the Muslim Brotherhood ( ', is a transnational Sunni Islamist organization founded in Egypt by Islamic scholar and schoolteacher Hassan ...
, had positive consequences.[ Basha's term lasted until July 1984 when he was replaced by ]Ahmed Rushdi
), Rushdi Sahab ( ur, )
, birth_date =
, birth_place =Hyderabad Deccan, British India
, death_date =
, death_place = Karachi, Pakistan
, origin = Pakistani
, instrument = Vocalist
, genre =
, ...
as interior minister.[ Basha's removal was unexpected, since he was considered to be one of the significant figures in the regime of Mobarak.][ Basha was appointed minister of local government in July 1984]
Assassination attempt
On 5 May 1987, Basha survived an assassination attempt perpetrated by the Islamist militants, including Ayman Zawahiri
Ayman Mohammed Rabie al-Zawahiri (June 19, 1951 – July 31, 2022) was an Egyptian-born terrorist and physician who served as the second emir of al-Qaeda from June 16, 2011, until his death.
Al-Zawahiri graduated from Cairo University with a ...
's brother Hussein Zawahiri.[ The attack was organized near Basha's home in Cairo,]Salvation from Hell Salvation from Hell (Arabic: ''Al Najun Min Al Nar'', also translated as ''Saved from the Inferno'') was a militant Islamic organization which operated in Egypt in the 1980s.
During a 1989 trial in Egypt, 26 defendants were charged with forming Sa ...
claimed the responsibility of the attack.[ Some members of the group were arrested in August 1987.][ The group also attempted to kill former interior minister Nabawi Ismail and an Egyptian journalist after the attack.][
Upon this event, Egypt broke all diplomatic ties with Iran, claiming that the group which perpetrated the attack was financially supported by Iran. Hussein Zawahiri was convicted for his alleged role in the assassination attempt.]Yasser Borhamy
Yasser Borhami is an Egyptian Salafi[Arabic
Arabic (, ' ; , ' or ) is a Semitic languages, Semitic language spoken primarily across the Arab world.Semitic languages: an international handbook / edited by Stefan Weninger; in collaboration with Geoffrey Khan, Michael P. Streck, Janet C ...]
: ''Memoirs of Hasan Abu Basha'') in 1990.
Personal life and death
Basha was married and had three children, a son and two daughters.
Awards
Basha was the recipient of the Republic second class medal in 1973 and the second class merit medal in 1979.[
]
References
External links
{{DEFAULTSORT:Basha, Hassan Abu
20th-century Egyptian politicians
1922 births
2005 deaths
Egyptian generals
Interior Ministers of Egypt
Politicians from Cairo
Survivors of terrorist attacks
Arab Socialist Union (Egypt) politicians