Hartley Fort State Preserve is a state preserve located on the
Upper Iowa River
The Upper Iowa River is a U.S. Geological Survey. National Hydrography Dataset high-resolution flowline dataThe National Map, accessed May 13, 2011 tributary of the Mississippi River in the upper Midwest of the United States.
Its headwaters rise ...
in the
Driftless Area
The Driftless Area, a topographical and cultural region in the American Midwest, comprises southwestern Wisconsin, southeastern Minnesota, northeastern Iowa, and the extreme northwestern corner of Illinois.
Never covered by ice during the last ...
, in
Allamakee County
Allamakee County () is the northeasternmost county in the U.S. state of Iowa. As of the 2020 census, the population was 14,061. Its county seat is Waukon.
History
Allamakee County was formed on February 20, 1847. The derivation of the name is ...
,
Iowa
Iowa () is a state in the Midwestern region of the United States, bordered by the Mississippi River to the east and the Missouri River and Big Sioux River to the west. It is bordered by six states: Wisconsin to the northeast, Illinois to the ...
, United States.
Geography
Hartley Fort State Preserve sits on a terrace about above the Upper Iowa, seven miles (11 km) upstream of the confluence with the
Upper Mississippi River
The Upper Mississippi River is the portion of the Mississippi River upstream of St. Louis, Missouri, United States, at the confluence of its main tributary, the Missouri River.
History
In terms of geologic and hydrographic history, the Upper ...
.
Native Americans
The site is noted for remains of a fortified Native American effigy mound settlement. The
mound builder people's era ruins seem to be associated with the
Woodland period
In the classification of :category:Archaeological cultures of North America, archaeological cultures of North America, the Woodland period of North American pre-Columbian cultures spanned a period from roughly 1000 Common Era, BCE to European con ...
Oneota
Oneota is a designation archaeologists use to refer to a cultural complex that existed in the eastern plains and Great Lakes area of what is now occupied by the United States from around AD 900 to around 1650 or 1700. Based on classification de ...
and
Cahokia
The Cahokia Mounds State Historic Site ( 11 MS 2) is the site of a pre-Columbian Native American city (which existed 1050–1350 CE) directly across the Mississippi River from modern St. Louis, Missouri. This historic park lies in south-w ...
cultures.
Access
The Iowa Hartley Fort State Preserve land is privately owned, and there is currently no public access.
See also
*
Earthwork (archaeology)
In archaeology, earthworks are artificial changes in land level, typically made from piles of artificially placed or sculpted rocks and soil. Earthworks can themselves be archaeological features, or they can show features beneath the surface.
T ...
Sources
Iowa Preserves Guide - ''see'' Hartley Fort State Preserve, pg. 69Minutes of State Preserves Advisory Board, June 13, 1994
Retrieved July 16, 2007
*Theler, James L. and Boszhardt, Robert F
"The end of the effigy mound culture: The late woodland to Oneota transition in southwestern Wisconsin"
''Midcontinental Journal of Archaeology'', Fall 2000, Retrieved July 16, 2007
*http://sargasso.gis.iastate.edu/preserves/preserve.asp?Preserve=34 - Iowa Department of Natural Resources - Retrieved July 16, 2007 -
{{Protected Areas of Iowa
Mounds in Iowa
Native American history of Iowa
Archaeological sites in Iowa
Iowa state preserves
Former Native American populated places in the United States
Protected areas of Allamakee County, Iowa
Driftless Area