Harlingen (; fy, Harns ) is a

municipality A municipality is usually a single administrative division having corporate status and powers of self-government or jurisdiction as granted by national and regional laws to which it is subordinate. The term ''municipality'' may also mean the go ...

and a

city A city is a human settlement of notable size.Goodall, B. (1987) ''The Penguin Dictionary of Human Geography''. London: Penguin.Kuper, A. and Kuper, J., eds (1996) ''The Social Science Encyclopedia''. 2nd edition. London: Routledge. It can be def ...

in the northern

Netherlands ) , anthem = ( en, "William of Nassau") , image_map = , map_caption = , subdivision_type = Sovereign state , subdivision_name = Kingdom of the Netherlands , established_title = Before independence , established_date = Spanish Netherl ...

, in the province of

Friesland Friesland (, ; official fry, Fryslân ), historically and traditionally known as Frisia, is a province of the Netherlands located in the country's northern part. It is situated west of Groningen, northwest of Drenthe and Overijssel, north of ...

on the coast of

Wadden Sea The Wadden Sea ( nl, Waddenzee ; german: Wattenmeer; nds, Wattensee or ; da, Vadehavet; fy, Waadsee, longname=yes; frr, di Heef) is an intertidal zone in the southeastern part of the North Sea. It lies between the coast of northwestern conti ...

. Harlingen is a town with a long history of fishing and shipping that received

city rights Town privileges or borough rights were important features of European towns during most of the second millennium. The city law customary in Central Europe probably dates back to Italian models, which in turn were oriented towards the tradition ...

in 1234.

Overview

Harlingen is served by two stations on the railway line from

Leeuwarden Leeuwarden (; fy, Ljouwert, longname=yes /; Town Frisian: ''Liwwadden''; Leeuwarder dialect: ''Leewarden'') is a city and municipality in Friesland, Netherlands, with a population of 123,107 (2019). It is the provincial capital and seat of the ...

. From 1904 to 1935 there was a passenger service on the

North Friesland Railway The Noord-Friesche Locaalspoorweg-Maatschappij (North Friesland Railway) was a railway serving the sparsely populated north of the Dutch province of Friesland. It was operated by the North Friesland Local Railway Company (Dutch: ''Noord-Friesche Lo ...

, freight being carried until January 1938. Rederij Doeksen operate ferries to the

Wadden islands The Frisian Islands, also known as the Wadden Islands or the Wadden Sea Islands, form an archipelago at the eastern edge of the North Sea in northwestern Europe, stretching from the northwest of the Netherlands through Germany to the west of Denma ...

Vlieland Vlieland (; fry, Flylân) is a Municipalities of the Netherlands, municipality and island in the northern Netherlands. The municipality of Vlieland is the second most sparsely populated municipality in the Netherlands, after Schiermonnikoog. V ...

and Terschelling that depart from Harlingen. The famous Dutch writer

Simon Vestdijk Simon Vestdijk (; 17 October 1898 – 23 March 1971) was a Dutch writer. He was nominated for the Nobel prize in literature fifteen times. Life Born in the small Frisian town of Harlingen, Vestdijk studied medicine in Amsterdam, but turned t ...

was born in Harlingen and used to depict his hometown in his writings as Lahringen. The town of Harlingen, Texas, in the

United States The United States of America (U.S.A. or USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It consists of 50 states, a federal district, five major unincorporated territorie ...

is named after this city because many of the original settlers of the

Texas Texas (, ; Spanish language, Spanish: ''Texas'', ''Tejas'') is a state in the South Central United States, South Central region of the United States. At 268,596 square miles (695,662 km2), and with more than 29.1 million residents in 2 ...

town came from Harlingen. The

Admiralty of Friesland The Admiralty of Friesland or Frisian Admiralty ( Dutch: ''Admiraliteit van Friesland'' or ''Friese Admiraliteit''; West Frisian: ''Fryske Admiraliteit'') was one of the five Dutch admiralties of the Dutch Republic. Set up on 6 March 1596, it wa ...

was established in

Dokkum Dokkum is a Dutch fortified city in the municipality of Noardeast-Fryslân in the province of Friesland. It has 12,669 inhabitants (February 8, 2020). The fortifications of Dokkum are well preserved and are known as the ''bolwerken'' (bulwarks). ...

in 1597 but moved to Harlingen in 1645.

Population centers

* Harlingen ( West Frisian: ''Harns'') * Midlum (''Mullum'') *

Wijnaldum Wijnaldum (; fry, Winaam) is a village in northwest Friesland, the Netherlands. The village lies within the municipality of Harlingen, however, prior to 1984, it was a part of the municipality of Barradeel. The village center has approximately 1 ...

(''Winaam'') File:Bevolking Harlingen (gemeente).png, Historical population (1714-2017)

Notable people

Simon Frisius Simon de Vries or Simon Frisius (1570–75 in Harlingen – 1628–29 in The Hague),Simon Frisius
in the

(c.1570–75 – c.1628/29) a Dutch engraver. *

Maarten Gerritsz Vries Maarten Gerritszoon Vries, or Fries, also referred to as de Vries, (18 February 1589, Harlingen, Netherlands – late 1647, at sea near Manila) was a 17th-century Dutch cartographer and explorer, the first Western European to leave an account of ...

(1589–1647) Dutch cartographer and explorer *

Sebastiaen Jansen Krol Bastiaen Jansz Krol (also ''Sebastia(e)n'' ''Jans(s)en'' ''Crol'' Crol, Bastiaen Janssen (1630): '' Contract of sale of land along the Hudson River from the Mahican Indians to Kiliaen van Rensselaer'' on Wikisource or ''Crull''; 1595, Harling ...

(1595–1674)

Director of New Netherland This is a list of Directors, appointed by the Dutch West India Company, of the 17th century Dutch province of New Netherland (''Nieuw-Nederland'' in Dutch) in North America. Only the last, Peter Stuyvesant, held the title of Director General. As t ...

1632/1633 *

Jacob Adriaensz Backer Jacob Adriaensz Backer (1608 – 27 August 1651) was a Dutch Golden Age painter. He produced about 140 paintings in twenty years, including portraits, religious subjects, and mythological paintings. In his style, he was influenced by Wybrand d ...

(1609–1651) a

Dutch Golden Age painter Dutch Golden Age painting is the painting of the Dutch Golden Age, a period in Dutch history roughly spanning the 17th century, during and after the later part of the Eighty Years' War (1568–1648) for Dutch independence. The new Dutch Republi ...

Tako Hajo Jelgersma Tako Hajo Jelgersma (October 29, 1702 in Harlingen – March 24, 1795 in Haarlem), was an 18th-century Dutch painter. Biography According to the RKD-Nederlands Instituut voor Kunstgeschiedenis, Jelgersma moved to Haarlem in 1757.

(1702–1795) a Dutch painter * Jacobus Deketh (1726–1764) a captain in the Frisian Admiralty *

Joannes de Mol Joannes de Mol (September 15, 1726 – November 22, 1782) was a Dutch minister, Patriot and porcelain manufacturer in the second half of the 18th century. De Mol - like many of his contemporaries - had a great interest in poetry and scientific ...

(1726–1782) a Dutch minister, Patriot and porcelain manufacturer *

Court Lambertus van Beyma Coert or Court Lambertus van Beyma ( Harlingen, 5 February 1753 - Dronrijp, 7 September 1820), son of Julius Matthijs van Beyma and Fokel Helena van Burmania, was a public notary and auctioneer, delegate and representative of the Frisian States, a ...

(1753-1820) a public notary and auctioneer, delegate of the

States of Friesland The States of Friesland were the sovereign body that governed the province of Friesland under the Dutch Republic. They were formed in 1580 after the former Lordship of Frisia (a part of the Habsburg Netherlands) acceded to the Union of Utrec ...

Nicolaas Baur Nicolaes Baur Nicolaas Baur (12 September 1767 - 28 March 1820) was a Dutch artist. Life Baur was born at Harlingen in 1767, the son of the portrait painter Hendricus Antonius Baur (1736–1817). He painted landscapes, views of cities, and moo ...

(1767–1820) was a Dutch marine artist *

Johannes Kayser Johannes Hermandus Julius (Johan) Kayser ( Harlingen, 11 November 1842 - 's-Hertogenbosch, 15 March 1917) was a Dutch architect, who was primarily engaged with the construction of churches. Apart from this he also designed schools and abbeys and ...

(1842-1917) a Dutch architect, primarily of churches * J.J.L. Duyvendak (1889–1954) a Dutch Sinologist and professor of Chinese *

(1898–1971) a Dutch writer, nominated 15 times for the

Nobel prize in literature ) , image = Nobel Prize.png , caption = , awarded_for = Outstanding contributions in literature , presenter = Swedish Academy , holder = Annie Ernaux (2022) , location = Stockholm, Sweden , year = 1901 , ...

* Peter J Sterkenburg (1955-2000) a Dutch autodidact painter of maritime scenes *

Jan Ykema Jan Jelte Ykema (born 18 April 1963) is a former speed skating, ice speed skater from the Netherlands, who represented his native country at two consecutive Winter Olympics, starting in 1984 Winter Olympics, 1984 in Sarajevo, Yugoslavia. In 1988 ...

(born 1963) a former ice speed skater,

1988 Winter Olympics The 1988 Winter Olympics, officially known as the XV Olympic Winter Games (french: XVes Jeux olympiques d'hiver) and commonly known as Calgary 1988 ( bla, Mohkínsstsisi 1988; sto, Wîchîspa Oyade 1988 or ; cr, Otôskwanihk 1998/; srs, Guts� ...

silver medalist * Abe de Vries (born 1965) a Frisian poet, essayist, literary critic, journalist, editor, translator and photographer *

Joost Vandebrug Joost Vandebrug (born 24 June 1982) is a Dutch artist working across photography and film. Life and work Vandebrug studied at the Gerrit Rietveld Academie in Amsterdam. Vandebrug's photo-based works include both conventional and unconvention ...

(born 1982) a Dutch photographer, video director and documentary film director IMDb Database
retrieved 28 July 2019

Gallery

Image:Harlingen, stadhuis foto1 2010-04-17 10.41.JPG, Harlingen, town hall Image:Harlingen, Voorstraat 56, Hannemahuis.JPG, Museum Het Hannemahuis Image:Harlingen, vuurtoren foto2 2010-04-17 10.27.JPG, Harlingen Lighthouse Image:2010-04-17 10.46 Harlingen, monumentaal bedrijfspand1.JPG, Harlingen, monumental building Image:Tall Ship races Harlingen 2014 - Alexander von Humboldt II and Sorlandet in the back Stad Amsterdam.jpg, Harlingen Harbor during the Tall Ship Races in 2014

References

External links

*
Official website
(English)
streaming webcams
(Dutch) * {{Authority control Municipalities of Friesland Populated places in Friesland Cities in Friesland Cities in the Netherlands Port cities and towns in the Netherlands Port cities and towns of the North Sea Populated coastal places in the Netherlands