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Harivarman I was the king of Champa from around 802 to 817. During the period from 758 to 859 AD, mandala Champa was collectively called as Huánwáng by the Chinese, which obviously was not the proper name of Champa.
Harivarman was the brother-in-law of king 
Indravarman I
Indravarman I ( km, ឥន្រ្ទវរ្ម័នទី១) was a ruler of Khmer Empire who reigned from Hariharalaya between 877/78 and 889/890 CE.
Indravarman's ancestors
According to the inscriptions of the Práḥ Kô temple, consec ...
(r. 787–801), a pacifist king. He came to power in 802. From 813 to 817, he and the military commanders Senäpati Panroe and Senäpati Pamr constructed the temple of Po Nagar
Po Nagar is a Cham temple tower founded sometime before 781 and located in the medieval principality of Kauthara, near modern Nha Trang in Vietnam. It is dedicated to Yan Po Nagar, the goddess of the country, who came to be identified with the ...
in Nha Trang
Nha Trang ( or ; ) is a coastal city and capital of Khánh Hòa Province, on the South Central Coast of Vietnam. It is bounded on the north by Ninh Hoà town, on the south by Cam Ranh city and on the west by Diên Khánh District. The city ha ...
, three kalan at Hòa Lai ( Thuận Bắc, Ninh Thuận), near Phan Rang Phan may refer to:
* Phan (surname), a Vietnamese family name
* Phan District, Chiang Rai Province, Thailand
* Phan River, Bình Thuận Province, Vietnam
* Phan (tray)
Phan ( th, พาน, ) is an artistically decorated tray with pedestal. It ...
(Panrang), former Pāṇḍuraṅga. These three towers were built entirely by reddish bricks, having been abandoned for a long time and are still in good preserving conditions. This Cham realistic architecture school is dubbed as "Hòa Lai style", and the remains at Pô Dam ( Tuy Phong, Bình Thuận), Mỹ Sơn A'1, A'2 and F3 also belong to this style. Under Harivarman, the first Cham script
The Cham script is a Brahmic abugida used to write Cham, an Austronesian language spoken by some 245,000 Chams in Vietnam and Cambodia. It is written horizontally left to right, just like other Brahmic abugidas.
History
The Cham script is a ...
inscriptions were engraved, gradually replacing Sanskrit.
Unlike the predecessor, Harivarman was a war-like hawkish king. In 803, northern Cham principality of Huánwáng ( Quảng Bình & Quảng Trị
Quảng Trị () is a district-level town in Quảng Trị Province in the North Central Coast region of Vietnam. It is second of two municipalities in the province after the provincial capital Đông Hà.
History
The Sino-Vietnamese name Quả ...
), being incited by the king of kings, made an war provocation against Tang Empire
The Tang dynasty (, ; zh, t= ), or Tang Empire, was an imperial dynasty of China that ruled from 618 to 907 AD, with an interregnum between 690 and 705. It was preceded by the Sui dynasty and followed by the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingd ...
's province of Annan (Northern Vietnam
Northern Vietnam ( vi, Bắc Bộ) is one of three geographical regions within Vietnam. It consists of three administrative regions: the Northwest (Vùng Tây Bắc), the Northeast (Vùng Đông Bắc), and the Red River Delta (Đồng Bằng S ...
). Champa by the time of 700s AD had been dismembered into several small domains, and its political structure was functioning like a confederation, network of smaller kingdoms (mandala).
Huanwang seized two counties of Annan. In 809, Chinese governor of Annan, Zhang Zhou, counterattacked Huanwang and recovered lost counties. The Huanwang army was badly defeated: 30,000 prisoners of war, Cham king's son and 59 of his officials were taken. However Harivarman declared his victory over the Chinese: 'his strong arm was the sun that expelled the darkness which was the ''Cinas. The king also ordered Senäpati Pamr to invade Cambodia, who also claimed his campaign result as victorious.
Harivarman made his son Vikrantavarman III
Vikrāntavarman III was a king of Champa, reigning from 817 to around 854.
Vikrantavarman was a son of king Harivarman I (r. 802–817). In 813 he was appointed by his father position ruler (Adhipati) of Pāṇḍuraṅga Principality ( Phan R ...
(r. 817–?) in charge of governing Pāṇḍuraṅga independently in 813. Pāṇḍuraṅga then became a feudatory of mandala Champa. When Harivarman died in 817, Vikrantavarman III ascended to the throne of Champa.
References
Bibliography
* * * {{DEFAULTSORT:Harivarman I Cham rulers 9th-century Vietnamese people 817 deaths