A Hand-Over is a term used in the

animation Animation is a method by which image, still figures are manipulated to appear as Motion picture, moving images. In traditional animation, images are drawn or painted by hand on transparent cel, celluloid sheets to be photographed and exhibited ...

industry to refer to the process of adding finger and hand

motion capture Motion capture (sometimes referred as mo-cap or mocap, for short) is the process of recording the movement of objects or people. It is used in military, entertainment, sports, medical applications, and for validation of computer vision and robo ...

data to the pre-existing full-body motion capture data, using a hand motion capture device.

Techniques

A Hand-Over is accomplished by playing back the full-body data while recording the finger and hand data. This is similar to a voice actor doing a

voice-over Voice-over (also known as off-camera or off-stage commentary) is a production technique where a voice—that is not part of the narrative (non-Diegetic#Film sound and music, diegetic)—is used in a radio, television production, filmmaking, th ...

for animated characters.http://www.motion-capture-system.com/resources/history.html Motion Capture Resources, Motion Capture History, Recent Development, Hand-Over, Retrieved February 2, 2011. There are very few full-body motion capture systems that can capture full hand and finger motion data at the same time as the full body. An optical system gets accurate data using reflective markers and high resolution cameras. However, if the cameras cannot see the markers then they are unable to measure them. Mounting the many reflective markers on each individual joint of the hand so that they stay within the camera's views is difficult. The traditional method of adding hand and finger motion is to

key frame In animation and filmmaking, a key frame (or keyframe) is a drawing or shot that defines the starting and ending points of a smooth transition. These are called ''frames'' because their position in time is measured in frames on a strip of film ...

the fingers. This is a process similar to the old

claymation Clay animation or claymation, sometimes plasticine animation, is one of many forms of stop-motion animation. Each animated piece, either character or background, is "deformable"—made of a malleable substance, usually plasticine clay. Tra ...

process; move the finger, record the frame, move the finger again, record the frame. Key framing is easier using animation software where a beginning and an ending position can be set up, then the software fills in the motion in between. Even though software makes this easy it still takes a very talented artist to get realistic hands using the key frame method. Another method of adding hand and finger motion is to have the animator or actor wear a data glove or

wired glove A wired glove (also called a dataglove or cyberglove) is an input device for human–computer interaction worn like a glove. Various sensor technologies are used to capture physical data such as bending of fingers. Often a motion tracker, such a ...

. These devices very accurately measure and record the position and bend of each finger, thumb, and even the hand. Measurand's ''ShapeHand'' is made of flexible ribbons and includes 40 Fiber Optic bend/twist sensors. Using a hand motion capture device an animator can play back the full-body data from any system and record the hand motion. This is typically done in a

software Software is a set of computer programs and associated documentation and data. This is in contrast to hardware, from which the system is built and which actually performs the work. At the lowest programming level, executable code consists ...

package that can simultaneously play motion capture data while recording new motion capture data. This requires some practice to get the timing right just as it takes practice to get the timing right when a voice actor does an animation voice-over. Hand-overs can save time and money while increasing the

realism Realism, Realistic, or Realists may refer to: In the arts *Realism (arts), the general attempt to depict subjects truthfully in different forms of the arts Arts movements related to realism include: *Classical Realism *Literary realism, a move ...

in hand and finger animation. This is not done without controversy. Traditional key framers do not agree this type of motion capture is better than their craft.

References

{{Reflist * Lin, J.; Ying Wu; Huang, T.S.; , "Capturing human hand motion in image sequences," Motion and Video Computing, 2002. Proceedings. Workshop on, vol., no., pp. 99–104, 5–6 Dec. 2002 * Jin & Hahn, "Adding Hand Motion to the Motion Capture Based Character Animation" Computer Science Department, George Washington University, ISVC 2005, LNCS 3804, pp. 17–24.

External links

Association for Computing Machinery's Special Interest Group on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques
Animation terminology

Techniques

See also

References

External links