was a local ruler of

Okinawa Island is the largest of the Okinawa Islands and the Ryukyu (''Nansei'') Islands of Japan in the Kyushu region. It is the smallest and least populated of the five main islands of Japan. The island is approximately long, an average wide, and has an ...

, who was given the title of King of Sanhoku. Contemporary sources on Han'anchi are very scarce. He first appeared in Chinese diplomatic records in 1396 and his last contact was of 1415. His blood relationship with Min, the preceding King of Sanhoku, is unknown. After 1415, the King of Sanhoku did not contact China again. The Chinese records suggest that the Chinese had no information on when and how the king disappeared. Because the King of Chūzan continued tributary missions, the Chinese later speculated that the Kings of Sannan and Sanhoku had been removed by the King of Chūzan. His real name is unknown. Modern attempts to decipher the enigmatic un-Okinawan name ''Han'anchi'' point to Haneji (羽地), a settlement in northern Okinawa (part of modern-day Nago City). ''Han'anchi'' can be either a corrupt form of ''Haneji'' or a contraction of ''Haneji Aji'' (local ruler of Haneji). The name suggests some connection to the settlement, but it is not confirmed by contemporary sources. Chiyoganemaru

Aji of Nakijin

Okinawans later identified the King of Sanhoku as the Aji (local ruler) of Nakijin but had no information on how many rulers had assumed the title. Because Han'anchi was the last known King of Sanhoku, a logical consequence was that the Aji of Nakijin who was annihilated by Shō Hashi, the unifier of Okinawa Island, was Han'anchi. However, neither the '' Chūzan Seikan'' (1650) nor Sai Taku's edition of the '' Chūzan Seifu'' (1701) identified the Aji of Nakijin in question as such. The ''Chūzan Seikan'' (1650) recorded a dramatic story about the downfall of the unnamed Aji of Nakijin, also known as King of Sanhoku. Shō Hashi, King of Sannan, subjugated

Bunei was King of Chūzan. He was the second and last ruler of the Satto dynasty. Biography Bunei inherited the throne upon the death of his father, King Satto. His reign saw the continuation of many of the previous trends and developments; in particu ...

, King of Chūzan, and took over the position in 1421. By that time, a large portion of the former realm of the King of Sanhoku had surrendered to Shō Hashi. The King of Sanhoku was a fierce warrior and prepared for the final battle with the King of Chūzan. Being informed of Sanhoku's possible offensive by the Aji of Haneji, Shō Hashi dispatched the Aji of Urasoe, the Aji of Goeku, and the Aji of Yuntanza to destroy the King of Sanhoku in 1422. Following a fierce defense, the king's castle fell. The king and his closest vassals committed suicide. Shō Hashi then appointed his second son Shō Chū as Nakijin Ōji to rule the remote north. Sai Taku's edition of the ''Chūzan Seifu'' (1701) generally followed the ''Chūzan Seikan'', but Sai On's edition of the ''Chūzan Seifu'' (1725) drastically changed the narrative. Having access to Chinese diplomatic records, he added the records of tributary missions sent under the name of the King of Sanhoku. The last king was now identified as Han'anchi. More importantly, he changed the date of the King of Sanhoku's downfall from 1422 to 1416. Sai On naïvely inferred that the King of Sanhoku was removed immediately after the last tributary mission of 1415. This modification created an unnatural gap between the downfall of the King of Sanhoku (1416) and the appointment of Shō Chū as Nakijin Ōji (1422).

Notes

{{authority control Kings of Sanhoku