Hammamizade İsmail Dede Efendi (9 January 1778 – 29 November 1846) was a composer of
Ottoman classical music
Ottoman music ( tr, Osmanlı müziği) or Turkish classical music ( tr, Türk sanat müziği) is the tradition of classical music originating in the Ottoman Empire. Developed in the palace, major Ottoman cities, and Sufi lodges, it traditionally ...
.
Biography
He was born on 9 January 1778, at
Şehzadebaşı-
Fatih
Fatih () is a district of and a municipality (''belediye'') in Istanbul, Turkey, and home to almost all of the provincial authorities (including the governor's office, police headquarters, metropolitan municipality and tax office) but not the co ...
in
İstanbul
Istanbul ( , ; tr, İstanbul ), formerly known as Constantinople ( grc-gre, Κωνσταντινούπολις; la, Constantinopolis), is the List of largest cities and towns in Turkey, largest city in Turkey, serving as the country's economic, ...
. He started studying music with
Mehmed Emin Efendi, at the age of eight. He attended rituals at
Yenikapı Mevlevihanesi, a place of
Mevlevi
The Mevlevi Order or Mawlawiyya ( tr, Mevlevilik or Mevleviyye; fa, طریقت مولویه) is a Sufi order that originated in Konya (a city now in Turkey; formerly capital of the Seljuk Sultanate) and which was founded by the followers of Jalal ...
gathering. He studied with
Ali Nutki Dede and learned to play
ney
The ''ney'' ( fa, Ney/نی, ar, Al-Nāy/الناي), is an end-blown flute that figures prominently in Persian music and Arabic music. In some of these musical traditions, it is the only wind instrument used. The ney has been played continually ...
, in
Yenikapı Mevlevihanesi. He became "
Dede" in 1799. Dede Efendi's music was well appreciated by Sultan
Selim III
Selim III ( ota, سليم ثالث, Selim-i sâlis; tr, III. Selim; was the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1789 to 1807. Regarded as an enlightened ruler, the Janissaries eventually deposed and imprisoned him, and placed his cousin Mustafa ...
and then he performed his works at the palace. He had composed hundreds of songs and mevlevi rituals. In 1846 he pilgrimaged to
Mecca
Mecca (; officially Makkah al-Mukarramah, commonly shortened to Makkah ()) is a city and administrative center of the Mecca Province of Saudi Arabia, and the Holiest sites in Islam, holiest city in Islam. It is inland from Jeddah on the Red ...
, but in Mina contracted cholera and died. His grave is now in Mecca.
His music
Dede Efendi gave lessons in Turkish music to
Hamparsum Limonciyan
Hampartsoum Limondjian ( hy, Համբարձում Լիմոնճեան; 1768 – 29 June 1839) was an Ottoman Armenian composer of Armenian church and classical music, as well as Ottoman classical music, and musical theorist who developed the "Ha ...
who developed the Hamparsum notation, the dominant notation for Turkish music.
One of the greatest Turkish composers, he has created masterpieces in all forms and modes of
Turkish music
The music of Turkey includes mainly Turkic and Byzantine elements as well as partial influences ranging from Ottoman music, Middle Eastern music and Music of Southeastern Europe, as well as references to more modern European and American popular ...
. He has also developed the composite musical modes of "sultanî yegâh", "nev-eser", "saba-buselik", "hicaz-buselik" and "araban kürdî". His greatest works are the seven Mevlevi pieces for Samah. More than two hundred of his compositions are available today.
His piece, ''Ey büt-i nev edâ olmuşum müptelâ'', is featured as part of the theme for the Ottoman civilization in the expansion for the strategy game,
Sid Meier's Civilization VI: Gathering Storm.
His museum
His house and music salon in the Istanbul neighborhood of Kumkapi has been preserved and is now a museum.
File:The House of Hammamizade İsmail Dede Efendi.jpg,
File:Music Salon and original instruments of Hammamizade İsmail Dede Efendi 01.jpg,
File:Music Salon of Hammamizade İsmail Dede Efendi 03.jpg,
File:Guest Salon of Hammamizade İsmail Dede Efendi 04.jpg,
See also
*
Hafız Post
Hafız Post (Tanburi Mehmet) (c.1630–1694) was a composer and performer of Turkish music during Ottoman Empire era in İstanbul.
Biography
His father was an imam. He was trained well in literature, music and foreign languages such as Per ...
*
Tanburi Cemil Bey
Tanburi Cemil Bey (1873, Istanbul – July 28, 1916, Istanbul) was an Ottoman tanbur, Turkish tambur, yaylı tambur, kemençe, and lavta virtuoso and composer, who has greatly contributed to the ''taksim'' (improvisation on a makam/maqam) g ...
*
Tanburi Büyük Osman Bey
Tanburi Büyük Osman Bey or Tamburi Büyük Osman Bey (1816–1885) was an Ottoman composer and Turkish tambur player. He is considered one of the most outstanding peşrev compositors in Ottoman classical music.
Life
Tanburi Büyük Osman Bey ...
External links
* http://www.kultur.gov.tr
{{DEFAULTSORT:Dede Efendi, Ismail
1778 births
1846 deaths
Composers from the Ottoman Empire
Composers of Ottoman classical music
Composers of Turkish makam music