Half-niece

In the lineal kinship system used in the English-speaking world, a niece or nephew is a child of the subject's sibling or sibling-in-law. The converse relationship, the relationship from the niece or nephew's perspective, is that of an aunt or uncle. A niece is female and a nephew is male. The term nibling has been used in place of the common, gender-specific terms in some specialist literature.

As aunt/uncle and niece/nephew are separated by one generation, they are an example of a second-degree relationship. They are 25% related by blood.

Lexicology

The word nephew is derived from the French word ''neveu'' which is derived from the Latin ''nepos''. The term ''nepotism'', meaning familial loyalty, is derived from this Latin term. ''Niece'' entered Middle English from the Old French word ''nece'', which also derives from Latin ''nepotem''. The word ''nibling'' is a neologism suggested by Samuel Martin (linguist), Samuel Martin in 1951 as a cover term for "nephew or niece"; it is not common outside of specialist literature. Sometimes in discussions involving analytic material or in abstract literature, terms such as ''male nibling'' and ''female nibling'' are preferred to describe nephews and nieces respectively. Terms such as ''nibling'' are also sometimes viewed as a gender-neutral alternative to terms which may be viewed as perpetuating the overgenderization of the English language.

These French-derived terms displaced the Middle English ''nyfte, nift, nifte'', from Old English ''nift'', from Proto-Germanic *''niftiz'' (“niece”); and the Middle English ''neve, neave'', from Old English ''nefa'', from Proto-Germanic *''nefô'' (“nephew”).

Culture

Traditionally, a nephew was the logical recipient of his uncle's inheritance if the latter did not have a successor. A nephew might have more rights of inheritance than the uncle's daughter.

In social environments that lacked a stable home or environments such as refugee situations, uncles and fathers would equally be assigned responsibility for their sons and nephews.

Among parents, some cultures have assigned equal status in their social status to daughters and nieces. This is, for instance, the case in Indian communities in Mauritius, and the Thai Nakhon Phanom Province, where the transfer of cultural knowledge such as weaving was distributed equally among daughters, nieces and nieces-in-law by the Tai So community, and some Garifuna people that would transmit languages to their nieces. In some proselytizing communities the term ''niece'' was informally extended to include non-related younger female community members as a form of endearment. Among some tribes in Manus Province of Papua New Guinea, women's roles as sisters, daughters and nieces may have taken precedence over their marital status in social importance.

Additional terms

* A grandnephew or grandniece is the grandson or granddaughter of one's sibling. Also called great-nephew / great-niece.
* A half-niece or half-nephew is the child of one's half-sibling, related by 12.5%.
In some cultures and family traditions, it is common to refer to cousins with one or more removals to a newer generation using some form of the word niece or nephew. For more information see cousin.

References

External links

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Dictionary.com, "nephew,"
in Dictionary.com Unabridged. Source location: Random House, Inc. Available
Dictionary.com Is The World’s Favorite Online Dictionary
Retrieved: January 1, 2011

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