__NOTOC__ (November 14, 1889 – February 8, 1960) was one of the most prominent
Japanese
Japanese may refer to:
* Something from or related to Japan, an island country in East Asia
* Japanese language, spoken mainly in Japan
* Japanese people, the ethnic group that identifies with Japan through ancestry or culture
** Japanese diaspor ...
photographer
A photographer (the Greek language, Greek φῶς (''phos''), meaning "light", and γραφή (''graphê''), meaning "drawing, writing", together meaning "drawing with light") is a person who makes photographs.
Duties and types of photographe ...
s in the first half of the 20th century.
Biography
Fuchikami was born in
Kumamoto Prefecture
is a Prefectures of Japan, prefecture of Japan located on the island of Kyūshū. Kumamoto Prefecture has a population of 1,748,134 () and has a geographic area of . Kumamoto Prefecture borders Fukuoka Prefecture to the north, Ōita Prefecture to ...
and studied in
Saga
is a series of science fantasy role-playing video games by Square Enix. The series originated on the Game Boy in 1989 as the creation of Akitoshi Kawazu at Square (video game company), Square. It has since continued across multiple platforms, ...
and
Nagasaki
is the capital and the largest city of Nagasaki Prefecture on the island of Kyushu in Japan.
It became the sole port used for trade with the Portuguese and Dutch during the 16th through 19th centuries. The Hidden Christian Sites in the ...
.
In 1922 Fuchikami organized Nihon Kōga Geijutsu Kyōkai (Japan Photographic Art Association, 日本光画芸術協会) and published the first issue of the photography magazine ''Hakuyō'' (白陽). He continued the publication of this magazine until 1926.
In 1928 Fuchikami moved to
Manchuria
Manchuria is an exonym (derived from the endo demonym " Manchu") for a historical and geographic region in Northeast Asia encompassing the entirety of present-day Northeast China (Inner Manchuria) and parts of the Russian Far East (Outer Manc ...
and was temporarily employed by the
South Manchuria Railway Company
The South Manchuria Railway ( ja, 南満州鉄道, translit=Minamimanshū Tetsudō; ), officially , Mantetsu ( ja, 満鉄, translit=Mantetsu) or Mantie () for short, was a large of the Empire of Japan whose primary function was the operatio ...
(南満洲鉄道, 満鉄), and in 1933 became a chief editor of the Company's photography magazine ''Manshū Gurafu'' (満洲グラフ, "Pictorial Manchuria").
In 1932, with other photographers in Manchuria, Fuchikami organized Manshū Shashin Sakka Kyōkai (満洲写真作家協会, Manchuria Photographic Artists Association) and published ''Hikaru oka'' (光る丘, "Shining Hills") as its journal.
Fuchikami's Manchuria-based works grew out of Japanese pictorialism and drew inspiration from French Barbizon School paintings and 20th Century pastoralist paintings and photographs. However, after the establishment of Manchukuo in 1932 they also reflected the influence of European 'New Photography' and Soviet Constructivist photography. The Soviet periodical ''USSR in Construction'' was an especially important source of inspiration for Fuchikami's depictions of mining and industrial installations in Manchukuo.
In an article published in 2014 Philip Charrier argues that Fuchikami's depiction of Manchukuo as a timeless agricultural paradise was misleading in relation to the aggressive and disruptive industrialization and urbanization projects being carried out by the Japanese in northeast China. In the context of the times it functioned as propaganda in support of the Japanese colonial project in the region.
[Charrier, Philip, "Fuchikami Hakuyō and the 'Manchukuo Pastoral' in 1930s Japanese Art Photography" ''Japanese Studies'', Volume 34, Number 2, pages 169-192, September 2014.]
In 1941 Fuchikami returned to Japan and continued photography until his death.
Exhibitions
*Art Deco Photography in Japan (Kosei-ha no Jidai, Shōki Modanizumu no Shashin Hyōgen, 構成派の時代 初期モダニズムの写真表現) at Nagoya City Art Museum (名古屋市美術館), 1992
* The Depicted Utopia (Ikyō no Modanizumu, 異郷のモダニズム), at
Nagoya City Art Museum
The is located in the city of Nagoya in central Japan.
The museum building itself was constructed by Kisho Kurokawa, one of the leading Japanese architects, from 1983 to 1987.
Works by the surrealist Kansuke Yamamoto, Sean Scully, and Alexander ...
(名古屋市美術館), 1994
References
* Kaneko Ryūichi. ''Modern Photography in Japan 1915-1940.'' San Francisco: Friends of Photography, 2001.
* Tucker, Anne Wilkes, et al. ''The History of Japanese Photography.'' New Haven: Yale University Press, 2003.
* Exhibition Catalogue for "Art Deco Photography in Japan" (構成派の時代 初期モダニズムの写真表現) (Nagoya City Art Museum, 1992) (no ISBN)
* Exhibition Catalogue for "The Depicted Utopia" (異郷のモダニズム) (Nagoya City Art Museum and The Mainichi Newspapers, 1994) (no ISBN)
* ''Hakuyō Fuchikami to Manshū Shashin Sakka Kyōkai'' (淵上白陽と満洲写真作家協会). Nihon no shashinka (日本の写真家), vol. 6. Tokyo: Iwanami, 1998.
{{DEFAULTSORT:Fuchikami, Hakuyo
1889 births
1960 deaths
Japanese photographers
People from Kumamoto Prefecture
Japanese magazine editors