''Hakea pandanicarpa'' is a shrub species in the family

Proteaceae The Proteaceae form a family of flowering plants predominantly distributed in the Southern Hemisphere. The family comprises 83 genera with about 1,660 known species. Together with the Platanaceae and Nelumbonaceae, they make up the order Pro ...

. It is endemic to south-west

Western Australia Western Australia (commonly abbreviated as WA) is a state of Australia occupying the western percent of the land area of Australia excluding external territories. It is bounded by the Indian Ocean to the north and west, the Southern Ocean to th ...

Description

''Hakea pandanicarpa'' is a non-

lignotuberous A lignotuber is a woody swelling of the root crown possessed by some plants as a protection against destruction of the plant stem, such as by fire. Other woody plants may develop basal burls as a similar survival strategy, often as a response t ...

open erect shrub or small tree high. White-cream to greenish flowers appear on

racemes A raceme ( or ) or racemoid is an unbranched, indeterminate type of inflorescence bearing flowers having short floral stalks along the shoots that bear the flowers. The oldest flowers grow close to the base and new flowers are produced as the s ...

with 4-14 flowers along the length of the stalk. Branchlets and young leaves are closely pressed to the stem and covered in short soft hairs. Single leaves are narrowly elliptic or egg-shaped long and wide with a short stalk at its base tapering to rounded at the apex ending in a hard blunt point. Fruit are obliquely egg-shaped long and wide with small uneven corky pyramid shaped protuberances on the surface.

Taxonomy and naming

The species was first formally described in 1830 by botanist Robert Brown who observed the species growing between Cape Arid and Lucky Bay. Brown's description was published in ''

Supplementum primum prodromi florae Novae Hollandiae ''Supplementum primum Prodromi florae Novae Hollandiae'' ("First supplement to the Prodromus of the flora of New Holland") is an 1830 supplement to Robert Brown's ''Prodromus florae Novae Hollandiae et Insulae Van Diemen''. It may be referred to ...

''. The

specific epithet In taxonomy, binomial nomenclature ("two-term naming system"), also called nomenclature ("two-name naming system") or binary nomenclature, is a formal system of naming species of living things by giving each a name composed of two parts, bot ...

(''pandanicarpa'') means "''

Pandanus ''Pandanus'' is a genus of monocots with some 750 accepted species. They are palm-like, dioecious trees and shrubs native to the Old World tropics and subtropics. The greatest number of species are found in Madagascar and Malaysia. Common names ...

''-fruited", referring to the warty fruit of this species. Two subspecies are accepted by the

Australian Plant Census The Australian Plant Census (APC) provides an online interface to currently accepted, published, scientific names of the vascular flora of Australia, as one of the output interfaces of the national government Integrated Biodiversity Information Syst ...

: *''Hakea pandanicarpa'' subsp. ''crassifolia'' ( Meisn.) R.M.Barker. Subspecies ''crassifolia'' can be identified by the fruit mainly having a smooth surface at a young age, becoming rougher as it ages but still comparatively smooth. The external pattern on the fruit of subsp. ''crassifolia'' resembles that of "drying mud in a clay pan". This subspecies grows from Corrigin to Albany and east to

Ravensthorpe Ravensthorpe may refer to any of the following places. England *Ravensthorpe, Dewsbury in West Yorkshire **Ravensthorpe railway station, Dewsbury *Ravensthorpe, Northamptonshire *Ravensthorpe, Peterborough in Cambridgeshire *Ravensthorpe, an histor ...

. *''Hakea pandanicarpa'' R.Br. subsp. ''pandanicarpa''. Subspecies ''pandanicarpa'' has prominent raised corky pyramid-shaped projections on the fruit from a young age. Subspecies ''pandanicarpa'' has a more easterly distribution than subsp. ''crassifolia''. It grows from the Fitzgerald River National Park east to

Israelite Bay Israelite Bay is a bay and locality on the south coast of Western Australia. Situated in the Shire of Esperance local government area, it lies east of Esperance and the Cape Arid National Park, within the Nuytsland Nature Reserve and the Grea ...

Distribution and habitat

''Hakea pandanicarpa'' grows from the

Stirling Ranges The Stirling Range or Koikyennuruff is a range of mountains and hills in the Great Southern region of Western Australia, south-east of Perth. It is over wide from west to east, stretching from the highway between Mount Barker and Cranb ...

on sand plain with low shrubland, heath and occasionally mallee. Image:Hakea pandanicarpa fruit.jpg, Fruit Image:Hakea pandanicarpa habit.jpg, Habit near

Image:Hakea pandanicarpa - Flickr - Kevin Thiele.jpg, Flowers and leaves

References

{{Taxonbar, from1=Q5640404, from2=Q51054453, from3=Q51054462 pandanicarpa Eudicots of Western Australia Taxa named by Robert Brown (botanist, born 1773) Plants described in 1830