Haji Sumatrabhumi (meaning "King of the land of Sumatra") was a king of the
Srivijaya Kingdom who sent envoys to the Chinese
Song dynasty
The Song dynasty (; ; 960–1279) was an imperial dynasty of China that began in 960 and lasted until 1279. The dynasty was founded by Emperor Taizu of Song following his usurpation of the throne of the Later Zhou. The Song conquered the rest ...
in 1017.
His name is recorded in
Li Tao's ''
Xu Zizhi Tongjian Changbian'' as Xiachi Suwuzhapumi (霞遲蘇勿吒蒲迷;
Baxter's transcription for
Middle Chinese
Middle Chinese (formerly known as Ancient Chinese) or the Qieyun system (QYS) is the historical variety of Chinese recorded in the '' Qieyun'', a rime dictionary first published in 601 and followed by several revised and expanded editions. The ...
: ''Hae-drij Su-mjut-traeH-phuX-mi''). The title "Haji" was generally a denomination for a vassal king.
The envoys sent by Haji Sumatrabhumi brought gold-inscribed letter, with offerings of pearls, ivory,
Sanskrit
Sanskrit (; attributively , ; nominally , , ) is a classical language belonging to the Indo-Aryan branch of the Indo-European languages. It arose in South Asia after its predecessor languages had diffused there from the northwest in the late ...
religious books, and slaves.
of Song was very pleased with them, and allowed the envoys to see the royal buildings, before sending them back with a reply letter and various other gifts.
During his reign, Srivijaya was thought to have sustained attacks from
Chola Kingdom, which peaked in 1025 under the leadership of King
Rajendra I.
This event was recorded in the
Tanjore inscription.
The Srivijayan ruler after him was
Sangrama Vijayatunggavarman Sangrama Vijayatunggavarman (also known as Sangramavijayottunggavarman or Sang Rama Wijaya Tungga Warman) was an emperor of Srivijaya of Sailendra dynasty, who reigned in the early 11th century in Kadaram. He is best known for being captured by the ...
, who was captured by the Chola forces in their attack on
Kedah (''Kadaram''), one of Srivijaya's territories.
See also
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Srivijaya
Srivijaya ( id, Sriwijaya) was a Buddhist thalassocratic empire based on the island of Sumatra (in modern-day Indonesia), which influenced much of Southeast Asia. Srivijaya was an important centre for the expansion of Buddhism from the 7th t ...
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Sangrama Vijayatunggavarman Sangrama Vijayatunggavarman (also known as Sangramavijayottunggavarman or Sang Rama Wijaya Tungga Warman) was an emperor of Srivijaya of Sailendra dynasty, who reigned in the early 11th century in Kadaram. He is best known for being captured by the ...
*
Tamil inscriptions in the Malay world A number of medieval inscriptions written in Tamil language and script that have been found in Southeast Asia and China, mainly in Sumatra and peninsular Thailand. These texts arose directly from trade links between south India and certain parts of ...
References
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Srivijaya
Indonesian Buddhist monarchs
11th-century monarchs in Asia
11th-century Indonesian people
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