Hailun () is a city in west-central

Heilongjiang Heilongjiang () formerly romanized as Heilungkiang, is a province in northeast China. The standard one-character abbreviation for the province is (). It was formerly romanized as "Heilungkiang". It is the northernmost and easternmost province ...

province,

People's Republic of China China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's most populous country, with a population exceeding 1.4 billion, slightly ahead of India. China spans the equivalent of five time zones and ...

. Administratively, it is a

county-level city A county-level municipality (), county-level city or county city, formerly known as prefecture-controlled city (1949–1970: ; 1970–1983: ), is a Administrative divisions of China#County level (3rd), county-level administrative divi ...

under Suihua City.

History

Before the Qing Dynasty

Hailun was one of the earliest centrally governed counties in

Province. The city was named after the Hailun River, which runs through it. The name Hailun is a variation of a Manchu word that sounds like "kailing", which means "otter". This name was chosen due to the abundance of

otter Otters are carnivorous mammals in the subfamily Lutrinae. The 13 extant otter species are all semiaquatic, aquatic, or marine, with diets based on fish and invertebrates. Lutrinae is a branch of the Mustelidae family, which also includes wea ...

s inhabiting the nearby river. The area around Hailun was initially ruled by the

Manchu The Manchus (; ) are a Tungusic East Asian ethnic group native to Manchuria in Northeast Asia. They are an officially recognized ethnic minority in China and the people from whom Manchuria derives its name. The Later Jin (1616–1636) and ...

people and was administrated from Hulan City for much of the Manchu

Qing Dynasty The Qing dynasty ( ), officially the Great Qing,, was a Manchu-led imperial dynasty of China and the last orthodox dynasty in Chinese history. It emerged from the Later Jin dynasty founded by the Jianzhou Jurchens, a Tungusic-speak ...

Qing Dynasty

By 1885 (the eleventh ruling year of the Emperor

Guangxu The Guangxu Emperor (14 August 1871 – 14 November 1908), personal name Zaitian, was the tenth Emperor of the Qing dynasty, and the ninth Qing emperor to rule over China proper. His reign lasted from 1875 to 1908, but in practice he ruled, wi ...

of the

Qing The Qing dynasty ( ), officially the Great Qing,, was a Manchu-led imperial dynasty of China and the last orthodox dynasty in Chinese history. It emerged from the Later Jin dynasty founded by the Jianzhou Jurchens, a Tungusic-speaki ...

Dynasty), Hailun was administrated by the prefecture-level city of Suihua. In 1898, the Tongken Deputy Metropolitan Government was established, and the territory of Hailun County was placed under its jurisdiction. The Tongken Deputy Metropolitan Government was dissolved in 1906.

Republic of China

In 1912, Republic of China's first year in power, Hailun Prefecture was renamed to Hailun County. In 1932, following the Japanese annexation of

Manchuria Manchuria is an exonym (derived from the endo demonym " Manchu") for a historical and geographic region in Northeast Asia encompassing the entirety of present-day Northeast China (Inner Manchuria) and parts of the Russian Far East (Outer Manc ...

, Hailun County was absorbed into the Japanese puppet state of

Manchukuo Manchukuo, officially the State of Manchuria prior to 1934 and the Empire of (Great) Manchuria after 1934, was a puppet state of the Empire of Japan in Northeast China, Manchuria from 1932 until 1945. It was founded as a republic in 1932 afte ...

. On August 15, 1945, Manchukuo was liberated by the Soviet

Red Army The Workers' and Peasants' Red Army (Russian: Рабо́че-крестья́нская Кра́сная армия),) often shortened to the Red Army, was the army and air force of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic and, after ...

, and the puppet state was disestablished. The region was then handed over to the People’s Liberation Army under

Mao Zedong Mao Zedong pronounced ; also romanised traditionally as Mao Tse-tung. (26 December 1893 – 9 September 1976), also known as Chairman Mao, was a Chinese communist revolutionary who was the founder of the People's Republic of China (PRC) ...

. Under the leadership of the

Chinese Communist Party The Chinese Communist Party (CCP), officially the Communist Party of China (CPC), is the founding and One-party state, sole ruling party of the China, People's Republic of China (PRC). Under the leadership of Mao Zedong, the CCP emerged victoriou ...

, the People's Government was established in Manchuria in November 1945. Hailun County was under the direct jurisdiction of the CCP and the PLA until the founding of the

in 1949.

People's Republic of China

Since the founding of the

in 1949, Hailun County has been under the jurisdiction of Heilongjiang Province. On December 23, 1989, the State Council approved the renaming of Hailun County to Hailun City (county level).The name change did not affect the administrative jurisdiction under the city, and it was still governed through the Suihua District. On January 11, 1990, the area was officially renamed.

Geography and climate

Hailun is located on the

Songnen Plain The Songnen Plain () in Northeast China is named after the Songhua and Nenjiang Rivers and is connected to the Sanjiang Plain through the Songhua River Valley; a small plain lies north of Xingkai Lake Lake Khanka (russian: о́зеро Ха́� ...

with the Lesser Khingan mountain range to the west. Its administrative area ranges in latitude from 46° 58' to 47° 52' N, and in longitude from 126° 14' to 127° 45' E. Hailun has a

humid continental climate A humid continental climate is a climatic region defined by Russo-German climatologist Wladimir Köppen in 1900, typified by four distinct seasons and large seasonal temperature differences, with warm to hot (and often humid) summers and freezing ...

( Köppen: ''Dwb''), with long, cold, and dry winters and humid, warm summers. The daily mean temperature in January, the coldest month, is . The daily mean temperature in July, the warmest month, is . The average annual temperature of Hailun is . Nearly two-thirds of the annual precipitation falls between June to August. With percent possible sunshine ranging from 53% in July to 71% in February, the city receives 2,680 hours of sunshine annually.

Administrative divisions

Hailun City is divided into 14 towns and 9 townships. ;14 towns *

Hailun Hailun () is a city in west-central Heilongjiang province, People's Republic of China. Administratively, it is a county-level city under Suihua City. History Before the Qing Dynasty Hailun was one of the earliest centrally governed counties in He ...

(), Haibei (), Lunhe (), Gonghe (), Haixing (), Xiangfu (),

Dongfeng Dongfeng is the romanization of several Chinese names of which most notably "East Wind" (); it may refer to: People's Republic of China * Dongfeng (missile) (), series of ballistic missiles of the People's Liberation Army * Chinese series of dies ...

(),

Baixiang Baixiang may refer to the following Chinese places: *Baixiang County (柏乡县), a county in Hebei Province, China * Baixiang, Yueyang (柏祥镇), a town of Yueyang County Yueyang County () is a county in Hunan province, China. It is under the ...

(), Xiangrong (),

Yongfu Yongfu County () is a county under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Guilin, Guangxi, China, located to the southwest of downtown Guilin. The county is mostly rural and hilly, marked by the same dramatic karst topography for whi ...

(), Zhangfa (), Lianfa (), Qianjin (), Gongrong () ;9 townships * Donglin (),

Hainan Hainan (, ; ) is the smallest and southernmost province of the People's Republic of China (PRC), consisting of various islands in the South China Sea. , the largest and most populous island in China,The island of Taiwan, which is slightly l ...

(), Leye (), Fumin (), Fengshan (), Yonghe (), Aimin (), Zhayinhe (), Shuanglu ()

References

External links

Official website of Hailun government
* http://www.babynamespedia.com/meaning/Hailun {{County-level divisions of Heilongjiang Cities in Heilongjiang County level divisions of Heilongjiang Suihua