Hagneck is a

municipality A municipality is usually a single administrative division having corporate status and powers of self-government or jurisdiction as granted by national and regional laws to which it is subordinate. The term ''municipality'' may also mean the go ...

in the Seeland administrative district in the canton of

Bern german: Berner(in)french: Bernois(e) it, bernese , neighboring_municipalities = Bremgarten bei Bern, Frauenkappelen, Ittigen, Kirchlindach, Köniz, Mühleberg, Muri bei Bern, Neuenegg, Ostermundigen, Wohlen bei Bern, Zollikofen , website ...

Switzerland ). Swiss law does not designate a ''capital'' as such, but the federal parliament and government are installed in Bern, while other federal institutions, such as the federal courts, are in other cities (Bellinzona, Lausanne, Luzern, Neuchâtel ...

History

Archeological discoveries

Traces of early and late

Bronze Age The Bronze Age is a historic period, lasting approximately from 3300 BC to 1200 BC, characterized by the use of bronze, the presence of writing in some areas, and other early features of urban civilization. The Bronze Age is the second pri ...

settlements have been found in the Hagneck marshland, which is part of the Grand Marais. Construction on a hill that separated the marshes from the lake resulted in the destruction of what appeared to be a

Roman era In modern historiography, ancient Rome refers to Roman civilisation from the founding of the city of Rome in the 8th century BC to the collapse of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century AD. It encompasses the Roman Kingdom (753–509 BC ...

drainage pipe. A portion of the

Roman road Roman roads ( la, viae Romanae ; singular: ; meaning "Roman way") were physical infrastructure vital to the maintenance and development of the Roman state, and were built from about 300 BC through the expansion and consolidation of the Roman Re ...

between

Vinelz Vinelz is a municipality in the Seeland administrative district in the canton of Bern in Switzerland. History Vinelz is first mentioned in 1228 as ''Fenis''. The municipality was formerly known by its French name ''Fenil'', however, that na ...

and

Täuffelen Täuffelen is a municipality in the Seeland administrative district in the canton of Bern in Switzerland. History Täuffelen is first mentioned in 1228 as ''Choufalli''. In 1280 it was mentioned as ''Tofallie''. The lake shore was inhabited ...

is still visible near village. Scattered

medieval In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages or medieval period lasted approximately from the late 5th to the late 15th centuries, similar to the Post-classical, post-classical period of World history (field), global history. It began with t ...

artifacts have been found near the marsh and the remains of a medieval castle were destroyed during construction of the Hagnek channel.

Foundation and growth

Hagneck is first mentioned in 1353 as ''Hagneg''. The small village of Hagnek was part of the

parish A parish is a territorial entity in many Christian denominations, constituting a division within a diocese. A parish is under the pastoral care and clerical jurisdiction of a priest, often termed a parish priest, who might be assisted by one or m ...

of Täuffelen and the land was owned by the Counts of

Neuchâtel , neighboring_municipalities= Auvernier, Boudry, Chabrey (VD), Colombier, Cressier, Cudrefin (VD), Delley-Portalban (FR), Enges, Fenin-Vilars-Saules, Hauterive, Saint-Blaise, Savagnier , twintowns = Aarau (Switzerland), Besançon (France), ...

Nidau Nidau is a municipality in the Biel/Bienne administrative district in the canton of Bern in Switzerland. History Nidau is first mentioned in 1196 as ''Nidowe''. In 1352, it was recorded in Latin as ''Nydow''. The remains of a number of sti ...

. Many of their estates, including Hagneck, were acquired by

in 1398. Under Bernese rule, the village was part of the

Epsach Epsach is a municipality in the Seeland administrative district in the canton of Bern in Switzerland. History Epsach is first mentioned in 1244 as ''Ebza''. The area around Epsach has been inhabited since at least the Bronze Age and the remain ...

quarter of the

Vogt During the Middle Ages, an (sometimes given as modern English: advocate; German: ; French: ) was an office-holder who was legally delegated to perform some of the secular responsibilities of a major feudal lord, or for an institution such as ...

ei of Nidau. Hagneck was quite small and in 1783 was listed as a farm with four houses. The Bernese

patrician Patrician may refer to: * Patrician (ancient Rome), the original aristocratic families of ancient Rome, and a synonym for "aristocratic" in modern English usage * Patrician (post-Roman Europe), the governing elites of cities in parts of medieval ...

families of von Erlach and von May owned the fields and farms. Between 1873 and 1878 the Hagneck channel was built as part of the

Jura water correction The correction of the waters of the Swiss Jura consisted of a wide series of hydrological undertakings carried out in Switzerland in the region of the three lakes: Lake Morat connected to Lake Neuchatel by the Broye Canal, the latter connected t ...

. The new channel began a process of draining the marshes and swamps near the village. In 1899 the Hagneck power station was built along with a canal to provide water for the station. A third project, between 1925 and 1937, drained many of the remaining marshes outside the village. The drainage projects opened up extensive farmland in the rich soil of the former marshes.

Today's Hagneck

The municipality was created in 1840, but remained tied to Täuffelen for the school and church. The construction of the Biel-Täuffelen-Ins railroad in 1916 connected the small village to the Swiss rail network. Today, agriculture, arts and crafts and the power plant employ a third of the population. The other two-thirds commute to jobs in the

Biel/Bienne Biel/Bienne (official bilingual wording; , ) is a List of towns in Switzerland, town and a Municipalities of Switzerland, municipality in the Biel/Bienne (administrative district), Biel/Bienne administrative district in the canton of Bern in Swi ...

and Bern regions.

Geography

Hagneck has an area of . As of 2012, a total of or 65.6% is used for agricultural purposes, while or 12.6% is forested. Of the rest of the land, or 12.6% is settled (buildings or roads), or 8.2% is either rivers or lakes.Swiss Federal Statistical Office-Land Use Statistics
2009 data accessed 25 March 2010 During the same year, housing and buildings made up 7.1% and transportation infrastructure made up 3.8%. Power and water infrastructure as well as other special developed areas made up 1.6% of the area Out of the forested land, 10.9% of the total land area is heavily forested and 1.6% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 59.0% is used for growing crops and 4.4% is pastures, while 2.2% is used for orchards or vine crops. All the water in the municipality is flowing water. The village lies on the right bank of

, at the mouth of the Hagneck

canal Canals or artificial waterways are waterways or engineered channels built for drainage management (e.g. flood control and irrigation) or for conveyancing water transport vehicles (e.g. water taxi). They carry free, calm surface flow un ...

, which was dug out as a main part of the

, leading the

Aare The Aare () or Aar () is a tributary of the High Rhine and the longest river that both rises and ends entirely within Switzerland. Its total length from its source to its junction with the Rhine comprises about , during which distance it descend ...

River into the lake. On 31 December 2009 Amtsbezirk Nidau, the municipality's former district, was dissolved. On the following day, 1 January 2010, it joined the newly created Verwaltungskreis Seeland.Nomenklaturen – Amtliches Gemeindeverzeichnis der Schweiz
accessed 4 April 2011

Coat of arms

The

blazon In heraldry and heraldic vexillology, a blazon is a formal description of a coat of arms, flag or similar emblem, from which the reader can reconstruct the appropriate image. The verb ''to blazon'' means to create such a description. The vis ...

of the municipal

coat of arms A coat of arms is a heraldry, heraldic communication design, visual design on an escutcheon (heraldry), escutcheon (i.e., shield), surcoat, or tabard (the latter two being outer garments). The coat of arms on an escutcheon forms the central ele ...

is ''Gules a Border Or and overall a Bendlet wavy Azure.''

Demographics

Hagneck has a population () of . , 4.5% of the population are resident foreign nationals. Over the last 10 years (2001-2011) the population has changed at a rate of -0.5%. Migration accounted for 0.2%, while births and deaths accounted for -0.7%.Swiss Federal Statistical Office
accessed 8 August 2013 Most of the population () speaks

German German(s) may refer to: * Germany (of or related to) **Germania (historical use) * Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language ** For citizens of Germany, see also German nationality law **Ger ...

(342 or 95.8%) as their first language,

French French (french: français(e), link=no) may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to France ** French language, which originated in France, and its various dialects and accents ** French people, a nation and ethnic group identified with Franc ...

is the second most common (11 or 3.1%) and Romansh is the third (1 or 0.3%). , the population was 49.2% male and 50.8% female. The population was made up of 198 Swiss men (47.3% of the population) and 8 (1.9%) non-Swiss men. There were 202 Swiss women (48.2%) and 1 (0.2%) non-Swiss women.Statistical office of the Canton of Bern
accessed 4 January 2012 Of the population in the municipality, 55 or about 15.4% were born in Hagneck and lived there in 2000. There were 193 or 54.1% who were born in the same canton, while 78 or 21.8% were born somewhere else in Switzerland, and 24 or 6.7% were born outside of Switzerland. , children and teenagers (0–19 years old) make up 17.3% of the population, while adults (20–64 years old) make up 62.4% and seniors (over 64 years old) make up 20.4%. , there were 127 people who were single and never married in the municipality. There were 187 married individuals, 24 widows or widowers and 19 individuals who are divorced.STAT-TAB Datenwürfel für Thema 40.3 - 2000
accessed 2 February 2011 , there were 36 households that consist of only one person and 6 households with five or more people. , a total of 133 apartments (89.9% of the total) were permanently occupied, while 9 apartments (6.1%) were seasonally occupied and 6 apartments (4.1%) were empty.Swiss Federal Statistical Office STAT-TAB - Datenwürfel für Thema 09.2 - Gebäude und Wohnungen
accessed 28 January 2011 The vacancy rate for the municipality, , was 1.68%. In 2011, single family homes made up 79.3% of the total housing in the municipality. The historical population is given in the following chart: Colors= id:lightgrey value:gray(0.9) id:darkgrey value:gray(0.8) ImageSize = width: auto height:200 barincrement:45 PlotArea = top:20 left:35 bottom:20 right:35 AlignBars = justify DateFormat = x.y Period = from:0 till:360 TimeAxis = orientation:vertical AlignBars = justify ScaleMajor = gridcolor:darkgrey increment:70 start:0 ScaleMinor = gridcolor:lightgrey increment:14 start:0 PlotData= color:yellowgreen width: 35 mark:(line,white) align:center bar:1764 from:start till:16 text:"16" bar:1850 from:start till:58 text:"58" bar:1860 from:start till:110 text:"110" bar:1870 from:start till:109 text:"109" bar:1880 from:start till:110 text:"110" bar:1888 from:start till:114 text:"114" bar:1900 from:start till:125 text:"125" bar:1910 from:start till:110 text:"110" bar:1920 from:start till:124 text:"124" bar:1930 from:start till:130 text:"130" bar:1941 from:start till:120 text:"120" bar:1950 from:start till:141 text:"141" bar:1960 from:start till:159 text:"159" bar:1970 from:start till:229 text:"229" bar:1980 from:start till:261 text:"261" bar:1990 from:start till:304 text:"304" bar:2000 from:start till:357 text:"357"

Sights

The entire Elektrizitätswerk Hagneck (Hagneck Power Plant) site is designated as part of the

Inventory of Swiss Heritage Sites The Federal Inventory of Heritage Sites (ISOS) is part of a 1981 Ordinance of the Swiss Federal Council implementing the Federal Law on the Protection of Nature and Cultural Heritage. Sites of national importance Types The types are based on t ...

Politics

In the 2011 federal election the most popular party was the Swiss People's Party (SVP) which received 33% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the Conservative Democratic Party (BDP) (20%), the Social Democratic Party (SP) (18.9%) and the Green Liberal Party (GLP) (7.9%). In the federal election, a total of 163 votes were cast, and the

voter turnout In political science, voter turnout is the participation rate (often defined as those who cast a ballot) of a given election. This can be the percentage of registered voters, eligible voters, or all voting-age people. According to Stanford Unive ...

was 47.4%.Swiss Federal Statistical Office 2011 Election
accessed 8 May 2012

Economy

, Hagneck had an unemployment rate of 2.2%. , there were a total of 53 people employed in the municipality. Of these, there were 16 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 6 businesses involved in this sector. 13 people were employed in the

secondary sector In macroeconomics, the secondary sector of the economy is an economic sector in the three-sector theory that describes the role of manufacturing. It encompasses industries that produce a finished, usable product or are involved in construction. ...

and there were 4 businesses in this sector. 24 people were employed in the

tertiary sector The tertiary sector of the economy, generally known as the service sector, is the third of the three economic sectors in the three-sector model (also known as the economic cycle). The others are the primary sector (raw materials) and the second ...

, with 7 businesses in this sector. There were 180 residents of the municipality who were employed in some capacity, of which females made up 40.6% of the workforce. there were a total of 45

full-time equivalent Full-time equivalent (FTE), or whole time equivalent (WTE), is a unit that indicates the workload of an employee, employed person (or student) in a way that makes workloads or class loads comparable across various contexts. FTE is often used to me ...

jobs. The number of jobs in the primary sector was 13, all in agriculture. The number of jobs in the secondary sector was 11 of which 10 were in manufacturing and 1 was in construction. The number of jobs in the tertiary sector was 21. In the tertiary sector; 6 or 28.6% were in wholesale or retail sales or the repair of motor vehicles, 10 or 47.6% were in a hotel or restaurant, 1 was the insurance or financial industry, and 2 or 9.5% were technical professionals or scientists. , there were 19 workers who commuted into the municipality and 153 workers who commuted away. The municipality is a net exporter of workers, with about 8.1 workers leaving the municipality for every one entering. A total of 27 workers (58.7% of the 46 total workers in the municipality) both lived and worked in Hagneck.Swiss Federal Statistical Office - Statweb
accessed 24 June 2010 Of the working population, 21.1% used public transportation to get to work, and 53.9% used a private car. In 2011 the average local and cantonal tax rate on a married resident, with two children, of Hagneck making 150,000 CHF was 12.6%, while an unmarried resident's rate was 18.5%. For comparison, the rate for the entire canton in the same year, was 14.2% and 22.0%, while the nationwide rate was 12.3% and 21.1% respectively. In 2009 there were a total of 193 tax payers in the municipality. Of that total, 73 made over 75,000 CHF per year. There was one person who made between 15,000 and 20,000 per year. The average income of the over 75,000 CHF group in Hagneck was 102,918 CHF, while the average across all of Switzerland was 130,478 CHF. In 2011 a total of 1.4% of the population received direct financial assistance from the government.Statistischer Atlas der Schweiz - Bezüger/-innen von Sozialhilfeleistungen (Sozialhilfeempfänger/-innen), 2011
accessed 18 June 2013

Religion

From the , 272 or 76.2% belonged to the

Swiss Reformed Church The Protestant Church in Switzerland (PCS), (EKS); french: Église évangélique réformée de Suisse (EERS); it, Chiesa evangelica riformata in Svizzera (CERiS); rm, Baselgia evangelica refurmada da la Svizra (BRRS) formerly named Federation o ...

, while 36 or 10.1% were

Roman Catholic Roman or Romans most often refers to: *Rome, the capital city of Italy *Ancient Rome, Roman civilization from 8th century BC to 5th century AD *Roman people, the people of ancient Rome *'' Epistle to the Romans'', shortened to ''Romans'', a lette ...

. Of the rest of the population, there were 10 individuals (or about 2.80% of the population) who belonged to another Christian church. There was 1 person who was

Hindu Hindus (; ) are people who religiously adhere to Hinduism.Jeffery D. Long (2007), A Vision for Hinduism, IB Tauris, , pages 35–37 Historically, the term has also been used as a geographical, cultural, and later religious identifier for ...

and 1 individual who belonged to another church. 26 (or about 7.28% of the population) belonged to no church, are

agnostic Agnosticism is the view or belief that the existence of God, of the divine or the supernatural is unknown or unknowable. (page 56 in 1967 edition) Another definition provided is the view that "human reason is incapable of providing sufficient ...

atheist Atheism, in the broadest sense, is an absence of belief in the existence of deities. Less broadly, atheism is a rejection of the belief that any deities exist. In an even narrower sense, atheism is specifically the position that there no ...

, and 11 individuals (or about 3.08% of the population) did not answer the question.

Education

In Hagneck about 66.3% of the population have completed non-mandatory upper secondary education, and 14.1% have completed additional higher education (either

university A university () is an institution of higher (or tertiary) education and research which awards academic degrees in several academic disciplines. Universities typically offer both undergraduate and postgraduate programs. In the United States, t ...

or a ''

Fachhochschule A ''Fachhochschule'' (; plural ''Fachhochschulen''), abbreviated FH, is a university of applied sciences (UAS), in other words a German tertiary education institution that provides professional education in many applied sciences and applied arts ...

''). Of the 33 who had completed some form of tertiary schooling listed in the census, 69.7% were Swiss men, 24.2% were Swiss women. , there was 1 student who lived in Hagneck and attended a school in the municipality. 53 students from Hagneck attended schools outside the municipality.

References

Bibliography

-P. Aeschbacher, Stadt und von den Landvogtei Nidau Anfängen bis ins 16. Jh., 1929 Gesamtmelioration-Brüttelen-Lüscherz-Hagneck, 1970–1987, 1989

External links

* {{Authority control Municipalities of the canton of Bern Populated places on Lake Biel