Haemolysin E (HlyE) is a

protein family A protein family is a group of evolutionarily related proteins. In many cases, a protein family has a corresponding gene family, in which each gene encodes a corresponding protein with a 1:1 relationship. The term "protein family" should not be c ...

that consists of several enterobacterial haemolysin (HlyE) proteins. Hemolysin E (HlyE) is a novel pore-forming toxin of ''

Escherichia coli ''Escherichia coli'' (),Wells, J. C. (2000) Longman Pronunciation Dictionary. Harlow ngland Pearson Education Ltd. also known as ''E. coli'' (), is a Gram-negative, facultative anaerobic, rod-shaped, coliform bacterium of the genus ''Escher ...

'', '' Salmonella typhi'', and ''

Shigella flexneri ''Shigella flexneri'' is a species of Gram-negative bacteria in the genus ''Shigella'' that can cause diarrhea in humans. Several different serogroups of ''Shigella'' are described; ''S. flexneri'' belongs to group ''B''. ''S. flexneri'' infecti ...

''. HlyE is unrelated to the well characterised pore-forming ''E. coli'' hemolysins of the RTX family,

haemolysin A Hemolysins or haemolysins are lipids and proteins that cause lysis of red blood cells by disrupting the cell membrane. Although the lytic activity of some microbe-derived hemolysins on red blood cells may be of great importance for nutrient acq ...

. HlyE is a protein of 34 kDa that is expressed during anaerobic growth of ''E. coli''. Anaerobic expression is controlled by the transcription factor, FNR, such that, upon ingestion and entry into the anaerobic mammalian intestine, HlyE is produced and may then contribute to the colonisation of the host.

References

{{InterPro content, IPR013057 Protein domains Bacterial toxins