Hadash ( he, חד״ש, lit=New), an acronym for ''HaHazit HaDemokratit LeShalom uLeShivion'' ( he, הַחֲזִית הַדֶּמוֹקְרָטִית לְשָׁלוֹם וּלְשִׁוְיוֹן, lit=The Democratic Front for Peace and Equality; ar, الجبهة الديمقراطية للسلام والمساواة, al-Jabhah ad-Dimuqrāṭiyyah lis-Salām wa'l-Musāwah, abbr. ) is a
left
Left may refer to:
Music
* ''Left'' (Hope of the States album), 2006
* ''Left'' (Monkey House album), 2016
* "Left", a song by Nickelback from the album ''Curb'', 1996
Direction
* Left (direction), the relative direction opposite of right
* L ...
to
far-left
Far-left politics, also known as the radical left or the extreme left, are politics further to the left on the left–right political spectrum than the standard political left. The term does not have a single definition. Some scholars consider ...
political coalition
This is a list of political groups by country. A political group also known as a political alliance, coalition or bloc, is cooperation by members of different political parties on a common agenda of some kind. This usually involves formal agreeme ...
in
Israel
Israel (; he, יִשְׂרָאֵל, ; ar, إِسْرَائِيل, ), officially the State of Israel ( he, מְדִינַת יִשְׂרָאֵל, label=none, translit=Medīnat Yīsrāʾēl; ), is a country in Western Asia. It is situated ...
formed by the
Israeli Communist Party
The Israeli Communist Party, commonly known by its Hebrew acronym Maki (), is a communist political party in Israel and forms part of the political alliance known as Hadash. It was originally known as Rakah, an acronym for ''Reshima Komunistit H ...
and other leftist groups.
Background
The party was formed on 15 March 1977 when the
Rakah and Non-Partisans parliamentary group changed its name to Hadash in preparation for the
1977 elections. The non-partisans included some members of the
Black Panthers
The Black Panther Party (BPP), originally the Black Panther Party for Self-Defense, was a Marxism-Leninism, Marxist-Leninist and Black Power movement, black power political organization founded by college students Bobby Seale and Huey P. New ...
(several others joined the
Left Camp of Israel
The Left Camp of Israel ( he, מחנה שמאל לישראל, ''Maḥaneh Smol LeYisrael'') was a Israeli left-wing politics, left-wing List of political parties in Israel, political party in Israel. It was also known as Sheli ( he, של"י), an ...
) and other left-wing non-communist groups. Within the Hadash movement, Rakah (which was renamed
Maki
Maki may refer to:
People
*Mäki, a Finnish surname (includes a list of people with the name)
*Maki (name), a Japanese given name and surname (includes a list of people with the name)
Places
*Maki, Ravar, Kerman Province, Iran
*Maki, Rigan, Ke ...
, a Hebrew acronym for ''Israeli Communist Party'', in 1989) has retained its independent status.
In its first electoral test, Hadash won five seats, an increase of one on Rakah's previous four. However, in the next elections in
1981
Events January
* January 1
** Greece enters the European Economic Community, predecessor of the European Union.
** Palau becomes a self-governing territory.
* January 10 – Salvadoran Civil War: The FMLN launches its first major offensiv ...
the party was reduced to four seats. It maintained its four seats in the
1984 elections, gaining another MK when
Mohammed Wattad
Muhammad ( ar, مُحَمَّد; 570 – 8 June 632 CE) was an Arab religious, social, and political leader and the founder of Islam. According to Islamic doctrine, he was a prophet divinely inspired to preach and confirm the monothe ...
defected from
Mapam
Mapam ( he, מַפָּ״ם, an acronym for , ) was a left-wing political party in Israel. The party is one of the ancestors of the modern-day Meretz party.
History
Mapam was formed by a January 1948 merger of the kibbutz-based Hashomer Hatz ...
in 1988. The
1988 election resulted in another four-seat haul, though the party lost a seat when
Charlie Biton
Charlie-Shalom Biton ( he, צ'רלי-שלום ביטון; born 11 April 1947) is an Israeli social activist and former politician who served as a member of the Knesset for Hadash and the Black Panthers between 1977 and 1992.
Biography
Charlie Bi ...
broke away to establish Black Panthers as an independent faction on 25 December 1990. The
1992 elections saw the party remain at three seats.
In the
1996 elections the party ran a joint list with
Balad. Together they won five seats, but split during the Knesset term, with Hadash reduced to three seats. The
1999 elections
The following elections occurred in the year 1999.
* 1999 electoral calendar
Africa
* 1999 Algerian presidential election
* 1999 Botswana general election
* 1999 Beninese parliamentary election
* 1999 Central African Republic presidential elect ...
saw them maintain three seats, with Barakeh and
Issam Makhoul replacing
Ahmad Sa'd
Ahmad Sa'd ( ar, أحمد سعد, he, אחמד סעד; 25 November 1945 – 20 April 2010) was an Israeli Arab journalist and politician. He served as a member of the Knesset for Hadash between 1996 and 1999 and as editor of the Al-Ittihad newsp ...
and
Saleh Saleem
Saleh Saleem ( ar, صالح سليم; he, סאלח סלים, born 2 November 1953) is an Israeli Arab former politician who served as a member of the Knesset for Hadash between 1994 and 1999.
Biography
In 1985, he became head of I'billin local ...
.
In the
2003 elections Hadash ran on another joint list, this time with
Ahmed Tibi
Ahmad Tibi ( ar, أحمد الطيبي, , he, אַחְמָד טִיבִּי, , sometimes spelled Ahmed Tibi; born 19 December 1958) is a Palestinian-Israeli politician. The leader of the Ta'al party, he has served as a member of the Knesset s ...
's
Ta'al
Ta'al ( he, תַּעַ״ל, an acronym for he, תְּנוּעָה עֲרָבִית לְהִתְחַדְּשׁוּת, label=none, lit=Arab Movement for Renewal, ar, الحركة العربية للتغيير) is an Israeli Arab political party ...
. The list won three seats, but again split during the parliamentary session, leaving Hadash with two MKs, Barakeh and Makhoul.
In the
2006 elections Hadash won three seats, with
Hana Sweid
Hana Sweid ( ar, حنا سويد, he, חנא סוייד; also spelt Hanna Swaid, born 27 March 1955) is an Israeli Arab politician who served as a member of the Knesset for Hadash from 2006 to 2015.
Early life
Born to a Christian Arab family i ...
and
Dov Khenin
Dov Boris Khenin ( he, דב חנין; born 10 January 1958) is an Israeli politician, political scientist and lawyer who served in the Knesset as a member of the Joint List. He was a member of the central committee of Maki (the Israeli Communist ...
entering the Knesset alongside Barakeh. The party won an additional seat in the
2009 elections
The following elections occurred in the year 2009.
* Electoral calendar 2009
* 2009 United Nations Security Council election
Caribbean
* 2009 Antiguan general election
* 2009 Aruban general election
* 2009 Caymanian constitutional referendu ...
, taken by
Afu Agbaria.
In January 2015, former Knesset speaker
Avraham Burg
Avraham "Avrum" Burg ( he, אברהם בורג; born 19 January 1955) is an Israeli author, politician and businessman. He was a member of the Knesset, chairman of the Jewish Agency for Israel, Speaker of the Knesset, and Interim President of Is ...
joined Hadash.
Policies and ideology
Hadash is a left-wing party that supports a socialistic economy and
workers' rights
Labor rights or workers' rights are both legal rights and human rights relating to labor relations between workers and employers. These rights are codified in national and international labor and employment law. In general, these rights influen ...
. It emphasizes Jewish–Arab cooperation, and its leaders were among the first to support a two-state solution. Its voters are principally middle class and secular Arabs, many from the north and Christian communities. It also draws 6,000–10,000 far-left Jewish voters during national elections.
The party supports evacuation of all
Israeli settlement
Israeli settlements, or Israeli colonies, are civilian communities inhabited by Israeli citizens, overwhelmingly of Jewish ethnicity, built on lands occupied by Israel in the 1967 Six-Day War. The international community considers Israeli se ...
s, a complete withdrawal by Israel from all territories occupied as a result of the
Six-Day War
The Six-Day War (, ; ar, النكسة, , or ) or June War, also known as the 1967 Arab–Israeli War or Third Arab–Israeli War, was fought between Israel and a coalition of Arab world, Arab states (primarily United Arab Republic, Egypt, S ...
, and the establishment of a Palestinian state in those territories. It also supports the right of return or compensation for Palestinian refugees. In addition to issues of peace and security, Hadash is also known for being active on social and environmental issues.
In keeping with socialist ideals, Hadash's environmental platform, led by Maki official
Dov Khenin
Dov Boris Khenin ( he, דב חנין; born 10 January 1958) is an Israeli politician, political scientist and lawyer who served in the Knesset as a member of the Joint List. He was a member of the central committee of Maki (the Israeli Communist ...
, calls for the nationalization of Israel's gas, mineral, and oil reserves.
Hadash defines itself as a
non-Zionist party, originally in keeping with
Marxist
Marxism is a Left-wing politics, left-wing to Far-left politics, far-left method of socioeconomic analysis that uses a Materialism, materialist interpretation of historical development, better known as historical materialism, to understand S ...
opposition to nationalism. It calls for recognition of Palestinian Arabs as a national minority within Israel.
[ Despite its ]Marxist–Leninist
Marxism is a left-wing to far-left method of socioeconomic analysis that uses a materialist interpretation of historical development, better known as historical materialism, to understand class relations and social conflict and a dialect ...
roots, Hadash has in recent times included elements of Arab nationalism
Arab nationalism ( ar, القومية العربية, al-Qawmīya al-ʿArabīya) is a nationalist ideology that asserts the Arabs are a nation and promotes the unity of Arab people, celebrating the glories of Arab civilization, the language an ...
in its platform.[Ilan Lior]
MK Dov Khenin: Netanyahu government is dangerous for Israel
Haaretz (16 January 2013). "It has also spearheaded Knesset legislation on environmental issues (it describes itself as red-green)."
Hadash shifted to a more Arab nationalist appeal after running on a joint list with Ta'al
Ta'al ( he, תַּעַ״ל, an acronym for he, תְּנוּעָה עֲרָבִית לְהִתְחַדְּשׁוּת, label=none, lit=Arab Movement for Renewal, ar, الحركة العربية للتغيير) is an Israeli Arab political party ...
in 2003. Avirama Golan of ''Haaretz
''Haaretz'' ( , originally ''Ḥadshot Haaretz'' – , ) is an Israeli newspaper. It was founded in 1918, making it the longest running newspaper currently in print in Israel, and is now published in both Hebrew and English in the Berliner f ...
'' wrote in 2007 that Hadash had "succumbed to the separatist
Separatism is the advocacy of cultural, ethnic, tribal, religious, racial, governmental or gender separation from the larger group. As with secession, separatism conventionally refers to full political separation. Groups simply seeking greate ...
-nationalist
Nationalism is an idea and movement that holds that the nation should be congruent with the state. As a movement, nationalism tends to promote the interests of a particular nation (as in a group of people), Smith, Anthony. ''Nationalism: The ...
and populist
Populism refers to a range of political stances that emphasize the idea of "the people" and often juxtapose this group against " the elite". It is frequently associated with anti-establishment and anti-political sentiment. The term developed ...
stream ... and chosen to turn its back on a social and civil agenda in favor of questions related to Palestinian nationalism...."
In 2015, Hadash declared its support for international campaigns against companies operating in the occupied Palestinian territories.
Election platform
The party's platform for the 2009 elections consisted of:
# Achieving a just, comprehensive, and stable peace: Israeli/Palestinian and Israeli/Arab
# Protecting workers' rights and issues
# Developing social services: health, education, housing, welfare, culture, and sports
# Equality for the Arab population in Israel
# Eradicating ethnic discrimination in all fields; defending the concerns of residents of disadvantaged neighborhoods and development towns
# Protecting democratic freedoms
# Equality between the sexes in all fields
# Protecting the environment; environmental justice
# Eradicating weapons of mass destruction
Controversy
On 1 November 2009, then party leader Mohammad Barakeh
Mohammad Barakeh ( ar, محمد بركة, he, מוחמד ברכה; born 29 July 1955) is an Israeli Arab politician. A former leader of Hadash, he served as a member of the Knesset for the party between 1999 and 2015.
Biography
Born in Shefa-'A ...
was indicted on four counts for events that occurred between April 2005 and July 2007; assault and interfering with a policeman in the line of duty, assault on a photographer, insulting a public servant, and for attacking an official who was discharging his legal duty. The charges related to his role in a protest against Israeli government policy, and was considered controversial mainly by those who were opposed to such protests.
In December 2015, the Hadash party published a Facebook post condemning the assassination of Hezbollah
Hezbollah (; ar, حزب الله ', , also transliterated Hizbullah or Hizballah, among others) is a Lebanese Shia Islamist political party and militant group, led by its Secretary-General Hassan Nasrallah since 1992. Hezbollah's parami ...
militant Samir Kuntar
Samir Kuntar ( ar, سمير القنطار, also transcribed ''Sameer'', ''Kantar'', ''Quntar'', ''Qantar''; 20 July 1962 – 19 December 2015) was a Lebanese Druze member of the Palestine Liberation Front and Hezbollah. He was convicted of terr ...
and comparing Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu
Benjamin "Bibi" Netanyahu (; ; born 21 October 1949) is an Israeli politician who served as the ninth prime minister of Israel from 1996 to 1999 and again from 2009 to 2021. He is currently serving as Leader of the Opposition and Chairman of ...
to the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria
An Islamic state is a state that has a form of government based on Islamic law (sharia). As a term, it has been used to describe various historical polities and theories of governance in the Islamic world. As a translation of the Arabic term ' ...
.
Election results
Leaders
*Meir Vilner
Meir Vilner ( he, מאיר וילנר, born Bar Kovner; 23 October 1918 – 5 June 2003) was an Israeli communist politician and Jewish leader of the Communist Party of Israel (Maki), at one time a powerful force in the country. He was the yo ...
chairman (1976–1992)
*Tawfiq Ziad
Tawfiq Ziad ( ar, توفيق زيّاد, he, תאופיק זיאד, also spelt Tawfik Zayyad or Tawfeeq Ziad, 7 May 1929 – 5 July 1994) was a Palestinian Israeli politician well known for his "poetry of protest".
Biography
Born in Nazareth, P ...
chairman (1992–1994)
*Saleh Saleem
Saleh Saleem ( ar, صالح سليم; he, סאלח סלים, born 2 November 1953) is an Israeli Arab former politician who served as a member of the Knesset for Hadash between 1994 and 1999.
Biography
In 1985, he became head of I'billin local ...
chairman (1996–1999)
*Tawfik Toubi
Tawfik Toubi ( ar, توفيق طوبي, he, תופיק טובי, 11 May 1922 – 12 March 2011) was an Israeli Arab communist politician. He was the last surviving member of the first Knesset. Tawfik Toubi was married to Olga Touma and one ...
, secretary-general (1989–1993)
*Mohammad Barakeh
Mohammad Barakeh ( ar, محمد بركة, he, מוחמד ברכה; born 29 July 1955) is an Israeli Arab politician. A former leader of Hadash, he served as a member of the Knesset for the party between 1999 and 2015.
Biography
Born in Shefa-'A ...
, secretary-general (1993–1999), chairman (1999–2015)
*Ayman Odeh
Ayman Odeh ( ar, أيمن عودة, he, אַיְּימָן עוֹדֶה; born 1 January 1975) is an Israeli Arab lawyer and politician. He is a member of Knesset and leader of the Hadash party.
Biography
Ayman Odeh was born in 1975, and raised ...
, secretary-general (2006–present), chairman (2015–present)
References
External links
Official website
Hadash
Knesset website
*
{{Authority control
Communist parties in Israel
Political party alliances in Israel
Marxist parties
Political parties established in 1977
Socialist parties in Israel
1977 establishments in Israel