Beylik of Hacıemir (also called ''Beylik of Bayram'') was a beylik (lordship) in the north Anatolia in a part of 14th and 15th centuries. The historical documents about the beylik are scarce. In some documents the beylik was named ''Bayramoğulları'' (Bayran's sons) and in others ''Hacıemiroğulları'' (Hacıemir's sons). Hacıemir was Bayram's son. In contemporary Greek documents, the name of the beylik was Chalybia ( gr, Χαλυβία), after the ancient Chalybes people who lived in the area.

Origin

The beylik population was mostly Chepni people, a branch of Turkomans.Faruk Sümer, ''Oğuzlar: Türkmenler, Tarihleri, Boy Teşkilâtı, Destanları'', Türk Dünyası Araştırmaları Vakfı, 1992,
p. 172.
/ref> In the 11th and 12th centuries, they were in Danishmend realm. After

Seljuks of Anatolia fa, سلجوقیان روم () , status = , government_type = Hereditary monarchyTriarchy (1249–1254)Diarchy (1257–1262) , year_start = 1077 , year_end = 1308 , p1 = By ...

conquered Danishmends some of them were settled in other parts of Anatolia. But some stayed in their former land. After the collapse of the Seljuks and the end of Mongol dominance, they founded a number of small beyliks. Beylik of Hacıemir was one of them. Their capital was present

Kale Kale (), or leaf cabbage, belongs to a group of cabbage (''Brassica oleracea'') cultivars grown for their edible leaves, although some are used as ornamentals. Kale plants have green or purple leaves, and the central leaves do not form a head ...

village next to Mesudiye in Ordu Province.

Early history

In the early 14th century, the region was under Mongols and later the

beylik of Eretna The Eretnids ( tr, Eretna Beyliği) were an Anatolian beylik that succeeded the Ilkhanids, Ilkhanid governors in Anatolia and that ruled in a large region extending between Caesarea (Kayseri), Sebastea (Sivas) and Amaseia (Amasya) in Central Anato ...

. The beylik declared independence during the civil war in Mongol lands (1335-1336). First bey was Bayram. Bayram fought against the

Empire of Trebizond The Empire of Trebizond, or Trapezuntine Empire, was a monarchy and one of three successor rump states of the Byzantine Empire, along with the Despotate of the Morea and the Principality of Theodoro, that flourished during the 13th through to t ...

. In 1348 in alliance with several other beys he laid a siege to Trebizond (present Trabzon), but the coalition was defeated. Bayram's death date is not known. But according to the documents of the Trebizond Empire in 1357 it was Hacıemir, Bayram's son who campaigned to

Maçka Maçka ( el, Ματζούκα, Matzoúka, the "club"; Laz: მაჩხა ''Maçxa'') is a town and district of Trabzon Province in the Black Sea region of Turkey. The name derives from the medieval Greek '' Matzouka'', which was one of the pro ...

. However, in 1358 by marrying Theodora, daughter of Basil of Trebizond, he formed family relations with the Trebizond Empire. But in 1361 he organized a campaign to capture

Giresun Giresun (), formerly Cerasus (Ancient Greek: Κερασοῦς, Greek: Κερασούντα), is the provincial capital of Giresun Province in the Black Sea Region of northeastern Turkey, about west of the city of Trabzon. Etymology Giresun wa ...

which ended in failure. He formed alliance with the powerful warlord Kadı Burhaneddin. With this support, Hacıemir was able to capture Ordu (ancient ''Cotyora'') on the Black Sea coast in 1380. The new capital of the beylik was in the village of

Eskipazar Eskipazar is a town and district of Karabük Province in the Black Sea region of Turkey. According to the 2000 census, the population of the district was 16,365, of whom 8,457 lived in the town of Eskipazar. The district covers an area of , and the ...

now a suburb of Ordu.

Süleyman and the civil war in the beylik

In 1387, Hacıemir fell ill and bequeathed his beylik to his son

Süleyman Suleyman or Süleyman is a variant of Suleiman (the Arabic name ). It means "man of peace". Notable people with the name include: Suleyman *Suleyman I of Rûm or Suleiman ibn Qutulmish (d. 1086), founder of an independent Seljuq Turkish state i ...

. However, he recovered and tried to regain his possessions. This caused a civil war between the father and the son. Although Tacettin, the ruler of a neighboring beylik, attacked to take advantage of the civil war he was defeated and killed in battle. In 1397 Süleyman captured

(ancient ''Kerasous'' ).

End of the beylik

After the death of Kadı Burhanettin, Süleyman accepted the suzerainty of the Ottoman Empire. Although the Ottomans were defeated in the Battle of Ankara and the beylik of Hacıemir experienced the second term of independence, it never gained its former glory. In 1427 Ottomans annexed the beylik.

References

Bibliography

* * {{DEFAULTSORT:Haciemir, Beylik of History of Ordu Province Mesudiye, Ordu States and territories disestablished in 1427 Chepni people * Foreign relations of the Empire of Trebizond