''Ha-Tsfira'' ( he, הצפירה) was a
Hebrew
Hebrew (; ; ) is a Northwest Semitic language of the Afroasiatic language family. Historically, it is one of the spoken languages of the Israelites and their longest-surviving descendants, the Jews and Samaritans. It was largely preserved ...
-language newspaper published in
Poland
Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It is divided into 16 administrative provinces called voivodeships, covering an area of . Poland has a population of over 38 million and is the fifth-most populou ...
in 1862 and 1874–1931.
History
The first issue of ''Ha-Tsfira'' appeared in
Warsaw
Warsaw ( pl, Warszawa, ), officially the Capital City of Warsaw,, abbreviation: ''m.st. Warszawa'' is the capital and largest city of Poland. The metropolis stands on the River Vistula in east-central Poland, and its population is officia ...
,
Congress Poland, in 1862, edited by
Chaim Selig Slonimski.
''Ha-Tsfira'' was the first Hebrew paper with an emphasis on the sciences.
The paper closed down after six months when Slonimski became principal of the rabbinical seminary in
Zhytomyr
Zhytomyr ( uk, Жито́мир, translit=Zhytomyr ; russian: Жито́мир, Zhitomir ; pl, Żytomierz ; yi, זשיטאָמיר, Zhitomir; german: Schytomyr ) is a city in the north of the western half of Ukraine. It is the administrative ...
, and the government began censorship of Hebrew books.
It reopened in 1874 in
Berlin
Berlin ( , ) is the capital and List of cities in Germany by population, largest city of Germany by both area and population. Its 3.7 million inhabitants make it the European Union's List of cities in the European Union by population within ci ...
, and began to be published in Warsaw in September 1875. Coverage of news and politics was introduced after the
First Zionist Congress
The First Zionist Congress ( he, הקונגרס הציוני הראשון) was the inaugural congress of the Zionist Organization (ZO) held in Basel (Basle), from August 29 to August 31, 1897. 208 delegates and 26 press correspondents attende ...
.
From 1886, the paper began to appear as a daily. The driving spirit behind this change was Slonimski's assistant,
Nachum Sokolov, who was later appointed editor-in-chief.
''Ha-Tsfira'' became part of a network of important Hebrew periodicals, among them ''
Ha-Shahar'', ''
Ha-Asif'', ''
Ha-Shiloaḥ
''Ha-Shiloaḥ'' () was a Hebrew-language literary journal, founded by Ahad Ha'am and the Ahi'asaf Publishing House in 1896. He edited the journal until December 1902, whereupon it came under the editorship of historian Joseph Klausner. It ceased ...
''. Some of the greatest names in early modern Hebrew literature published their work in the paper, including
Mendele Mocher Sforim
Mendele Mocher Sforim ( yi, , he, מנדלי מוכר ספרים, also known as Moykher, Sfarim; lit. "Mendele the book peddler"; January 2, 1836, Kapyl – December 8, 1917 .S. Odessa), born Sholem Yankev Abramovich ( yi, , russian: Соло ...
,
Y. L. Peretz, and
Sholem Aleichem
)
, birth_date =
, birth_place = Pereiaslav, Russian Empire
, death_date =
, death_place = New York City, U.S.
, occupation = Writer
, nationality =
, period =
, genre = Novels, sh ...
.
References
Further reading
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Tsfira, Ha-
Newspapers published in the Russian Empire
Newspapers published in Germany
Defunct newspapers published in Poland
Publications established in 1862
Hebrew-language newspapers
Haskalah
Newspapers published in Warsaw
1862 establishments in the Russian Empire
Daily newspapers published in Poland
Hebrew-language mass media in Poland
Jews and Judaism in Warsaw