HMS Yarmouth (F101)

HMS ''Yarmouth'' was the first modified Type 12 frigate of the ''Rothesay'' class to enter service with the Royal Navy.

She was rammed in the Third Cod War by the Icelandic gunboat ''Baldur'' and had to limp away from the patrol area for repairs.

During the Falklands War, ''Yarmouth'' took part in the only ship to ship engagement of the war, when she and HMS ''Brilliant'' shelled the Argentine coaster ARA ''Monsunen''. In the last action of the conflict, ''Yarmouth'' and HMS ''Endurance'' recaptured the South Sandwich Islands.

Design

The ''Rothesay''-class was an improved version of the ''Whitby''-class anti-submarine frigate, with nine ''Rothesay''s ordered in the 1954–55 shipbuilding programme for the Royal Navy to supplement the six ''Whitby''s.

''Yarmouth'' was long overall and between perpendiculars, with a beam of and a draught of . The ''Rothesay''s were powered by the same Y-100 machinery used by the ''Whitby''-class. Two Babcock & Wilcox water-tube boilers fed steam at and to two sets of geared steam turbines which drove two propeller shafts, fitted with large ( diameter) slow-turning propellers. The machinery was rated at , giving a speed of . Crew was about 212 officers and men.

A twin 4.5-inch (113 mm) Mark 6 gun mount was fitted forward, with 350 rounds of ammunition carried. It was originally intended to fit a twin 40 mm L/70 Bofors anti-aircraft mount aft, but in 1957 it was decided to fit the Seacat anti-aircraft missile instead. Seacat was not yet ready, and ''Yarmouth'' was completed with a single L/60 40 mm Bofors mount aft as a temporary anti-aircraft armament. The design anti-submarine armament consisted of twelve 21-inch torpedo-tubes (eight fixed and two twin rotating mounts) for Mark 20E Bidder homing anti-submarine torpedoes, backed up by two Limbo anti-submarine mortars fitted aft. The Bidder homing torpedoes proved unsuccessful however, being too slow to catch modern submarines, and the torpedo tubes were soon removed.

The ship was fitted with a Type 293Q surface/air search radar on the foremast, with a Type 277 height-finding radar on a short mast forward of the foremast. A Mark 6M fire control system (including a Type 275 radar) for the 4.5 inch guns was mounted above the ship's bridge, while a Type 974 navigation radar was also fitted. The ship's sonar fit consisted of Type 174 search, Type 170 fire control sonar for Limbo and a Type 162 sonar for classifying targets on the sea floor.

''Yarmouth'' was laid down at John Brown's Clydebank dockyard on 29 November 1957, was launched on 23 March 1959 and completed on 26 March 1960.

Modernisation

From 1966 to 1968 ''Yarmouth'' underwent a major modernisation, which brought the ship close in capacity to the ''Leander''-class. A hangar and flight deck was added aft to allow a Westland Wasp helicopter to be operated, at the expense of one of the Limbo anti-submarine mortars, while a Seacat launcher and the associated GWS20 director was mounted on the hangar roof. Two 20-mm cannons were added either side of the ship's bridge. A MRS3 fire control system replaced the Mark 6M, and its integral Type 903 radar allowed the Type 277 height finder radar to be removed. A Type 993 surface/air-search radar replaced the existing Type 293Q radar, while the ship's defences were enhanced by the addition of the Corvus chaff rocket dispenser.

Operational history

''Yarmouth'' commissioned on 24 March 1960, with the Pennant number F101, and joined the 6th Frigate Squadron of the Home Fleet as leader. She was refitted at Devonport from December 1961 to February 1962, then became the leader of the 20th Frigate Squadron at Londonderry, serving in that role until 1966.Royal Navy Senior Appointments, Colin Mackie

On 13 July 1965 she collided with the submarine ''Tiptoe'', 10 miles south east of Portland Bill. ''Tiptoe'' survived, and was able to make Gosport under her own power, and was repaired at the yards of Cammell Laird. ''Tiptoe''s commanding officer was found guilty of negligence for the accident. In May 1966 she began a long refit and modernisation at Portsmouth Dockyard. The main alterations were to build a hangar and flight deck for a Wasp Helicopter and to fit Seacat anti-aircraft missiles. She recommissioned on 1 October 1968 for service in the Western Fleet and then in the Far East Fleet. In 1971 she was present at Portsmouth Navy Days.

In April 1970 whilst on the Beira Patrol she was diverted to be a long stop for the rescue of Apollo 13. Communications in the Indian Ocean were very poor. The recovery instructions were sent from Houston to Halifax, Nova Scotia where the Royal Canadian Navy sent them by Morse Code to the ship. The recovery manual was taken down by communications ratings, two at a time, with pencil and paper. Luckily the space craft came down amongst a US Navy task force with two aircraft carriers and television cameras in the Pacific Ocean.

On 9 November 1970 the aircraft carrier collided with the Soviet Kotlin-class destroyer, ''Bravyy'', which had been shadowing the carrier during exercises in the Mediterranean and cut across the bows of ''Ark Royal'' while the carrier was launching aircraft. Several of ''Bravyy''s crew were washed overboard in the incident with ''Yarmouth'' rescuing two of them, although two of the seven Soviet sailors were lost in the accident. A few days later, the tanker ''Esso Chile'' suffered an explosion off Malta which had killed one and injured two of the tanker's crew. ''Yarmouth''s helicopter flew a doctor over to ''Esso Chile'' and ferried the wounded to shore for further medical treatment.

Third Cod War

On 28 February 1976, in the course of the Third Cod War, ''Yarmouth'' collided with ''ICGV Baldur's'' stern, severely damaging the frigate's bow, and forcing her to limp away from the patrol area assisted by the Royal Maritime Auxiliary Service tug ''Rollicker''. ''Yarmouth'' underwent repairs at Chatham, where she was fitted with a new bow section. The heavy damage and pressure on the defense budget saw HMS ''Yarmouth'' offered to the RNZN later in 1976, but the offer was rejected on account of the frigate's age.

Falklands War

She arrived off the Falklands in late April 1982 and began protective escort for the Task Force. On 4 May, when was hit by an Exocet missile, ''Yarmouth'' provided anti-submarine protection as attempted to fight the fire. After ''Sheffield'' had been abandoned, ''Yarmouth'' took her in tow in order to get her to a safe area. However, after 29 hours the winds rose to gale force and ''Sheffield'' finally sank on 10 May at 7 am.

When the amphibious task force arrived on 19 May, ''Yarmouth'' provided an anti-air and anti-submarine escort as the force moved into San Carlos Water as part of Operation Sutton. On 21 May when was hit and set on fire by Argentinian Skyhawks, Yarmouth rescued the crew of the stricken ship and later transferred them to the SS ''Canberra''. For the next ten days she continued to act in an air defence role during the battle of San Carlos by day, but by night operated a variety of missions including shore bombardment, anti-submarine patrols, covert operations and escorting merchant ships to and from the landing area.

In the early hours of 23 May, along with , she intercepted and engaged the Argentine coaster ARA ''Monsunen'' with her 4.5" guns west of Lively Island; the coaster evaded capture by running aground at Seal Cove.

On 25 May ''Yarmouth'' claimed to have shot down an A-4C Skyhawk (C-319), flown by Teniente Tomás Lucero, with her Sea Cat missile system, although this aircraft was subjected to the full force of the San Carlos' air defences, with other claims from Rapier, Blowpipe and ship-based gunfire. Lucero ejected and was recovered by .

After two days of maintenance in the repair area, she returned to bombardment duties beginning on 6 June. These she carried out by night while by day she travelled some 200 miles back to the task force to replenish fuel and ammunition. During one of these missions, she came across a small coaster whose propeller had become fouled with rope while ferrying Gurkhas and supplies to Goose Green. Her diving team managed to free the ship. On another occasion she gave firefighting and medical assistance to when the destroyer was hit by a land-based Exocet. On 13–14 June, she and shelled Argentine positions during the Battle of Mount Tumbledown. During the war, she fired over 1,000 shells from her main guns, mostly during shore bombardment, and 58 anti-submarine Limbo mortar rounds.

After the Argentine surrender of the Falkland Islands, ''Yarmouth'', HMS ''Endurance'', RFA ''Olmeda'' and the tug ''Salvageman'' sailed to the South Sandwich Islands where Argentina had established a base in South Thule since 1976. Following a demonstration of the ''Yarmouths guns, the ten Argentine military personnel surrendered.

Before leaving South Thule, ''Yarmouth'' was refuelled by the RFA ''Olmeda'' on 21 June, which may have been the most southerly RAS(L) in the history of the Royal Navy.

Decommissioning

She was decommissioned on 30 April 1986, and in 1987 towed out to the North Atlantic and sunk by weapons from in that year's SinkEx on 16 June 1987.

Commanding officers

Notes

References

Publications

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External links

HMS ''Yarmouth''
- a former crewmembers' website

{{DEFAULTSORT:Yarmouth (F101)
Rothesay-class frigates
Ships of the Fishery Protection Squadron of the United Kingdom
Falklands War naval ships of the United Kingdom
1959 ships
Maritime incidents in 1965
Maritime incidents in 1976
Maritime incidents in 1987
Ships sunk as targets
Shipwrecks in the North Sea