HMS Skirmisher (1905)

HMS ''Skirmisher'' was one of two scout cruisers built for the Royal Navy during the first decade of the 20th century. Completed in 1905 the ship was placed in reserve until she was commissioned in 1907 as part of the Home Fleet. She then spent the next seven years moving on and off of active service in British waters. ''Skirmisher'' was assigned to coastal defence duties when the First World War began in 1914, although she was transferred to the Mediterranean in 1915 and then to the Aegean two years later. The ship returned home in mid-1919 and was sold for scrap in 1920.

Design and description

The ''Sentinel''-class ships were one of four classes of scout cruisers ordered by the Admiralty in 1902–1903 and 1903–1904 Naval Programmes. These ships were intended to work with destroyer flotillas, leading their torpedo attacks and backing them up when attacked by other destroyers, although they were rendered obsolete as faster, turbine-engined, destroyers entered service before the First World War. They had a length between perpendiculars of , a beam of and a draught of at deep load. The ships displaced at normal load and at deep load. Their crew consisted of 289 officers and ratings.

The ships were powered by two four-cylinder triple-expansion steam engines fed by 12 Vickers-Express water-tube boilers, and driving a pair of three-bladed propellers. The turbines were rated at to meet the required speed of .''The Engineer'' 10 March 1905, p. 240. When ''Sentinel'' ran her sea trials, she reached a speed of from for eight hours. The ''Sentinel''-class cruisers carried enough coal to give them a range of at .

''Skirmisher''s main armour protection consisted of an arched protective deck, covering the full length of the ship, which was thick, while the ship's conning tower was protected by of armour. The scout cruisers were intended to lead and support destroyer flotillas, and their armament was meant to fight destroyers rather than heavier ships. Main gun armament consisted of ten 12-pounder (76 mm) QF guns, arranged three abreast fore-and-aft to give maximum end-on fire for chase engagements and two more guns on each beam. This was supplemented by eight 3-pounder (47 mm) guns. Two 18 inch (450 mm) torpedo tubes were fitted in above-water mounts, with a single spare torpedo carried.Friedman 2009, pp. 100–101, 294–295. This armament was considered too light, and an additional two 12-pounder guns were added on the ship's beams soon after commissioning, while the 3-pounder guns were replaced by six 6-pounder (57 mm) guns. She was rearmed again in 1911–1912, when the 12-pounders were replaced by nine 4-inch (102 mm) guns.Roberts 1979, pp. 84–85.

Construction and career

''Skirmisher'', the only ship of her name to serve with the Royal Navy, was laid down at Vickers, Sons & Maxim's Barrow-in-Furness shipyard on 29 July 1903 and was launched on 7 February 1905. Completed in July 1905 at a cost of about £276,579,Hythe 1912, p. 191. she was initially placed in reserve.

In 1907, ''Skirmisher'' commissioned as leader of the 5th Destroyer Flotilla based at Dover, part of the Home Fleet. In May 1909 she became leader of the 2nd Destroyer Flotilla, moving to the 4th Destroyer Flotilla at Portsmouth in 1910. She was refitted in 1912, and took part in the 1913 Naval Manoeuvres before joining the 7th Destroyer Flotilla, a patrol flotilla equipped with older destroyers, as leader in July 1913.Preston 1985, p. 17.Manning 1961, p. 25. During her early career, her captains included Walter Cowan and William Boyle, both of whom would later rise to the rank of Admiral.

''Skirmisher'' remained leader of the 7th Flotilla, based at Devonport, on the eve of the outbreak of the First World War. Following the outbreak of war, the 7th Flotilla moved to the Humber on the East Coast of Britain.Manning 1961, p. 25.Dittmar and Colledge 1972, p. 18. On 15 December 1914, German battlecruisers, supported by the battleships of the main German High Seas Fleet set out on a raid against the coastal towns of Scarborough, Whitby and Hartlepool. While the British had been warned by radio intercepts that the Germans were likely to carry out some sort of action, and sent out forces from the Grand Fleet to intercept, Admiral George A. Ballard, Admiral of Patrols in overall command of all the patrol flotillas, had, owing to poor weather, ordered the forces under his command to remain in harbor until they received explicit orders to sail.Massie 2009, pp. 328–332. On receiving word of the bombardments, Ballard set out from the Humber in ''Skirmisher'' at together with eight torpedo boats. Heavy seas forced Ballard to send the torpedo boats back to port, while he searched up the coast in ''Skirmisher'' for the German raiders. ''Skirmisher'' failed to find the Germans, who had sailed eastwards well before Ballard reached the bombarded towns.Corbett 1921, pp. 22, 41.

In May 1915 ''Skirmisher'', still based on the Humber, joined the 6th Light Cruiser Squadron, with duties including patrolling to spot German Zeppelins.Corbett 1921, p. 403. By October 1915, the 6th Light Cruiser Squadron had been broken up, and ''Skirmisher'' had joined the Mediterranean Fleet. ''Skirmisher'' remained part of the Mediterranean Fleet throughout 1916 and into 1917, joining the Aegean Squadron in September that year. On 20 January 1918, the Turkish battlecruiser ''Yavuz Sultan Selim'' (formerly the German ) and light cruiser ''Midilli'' (formerly ) made a sortie into the Mediterranean from the Dardanelles. The two Turkish ships attacked and sunk the monitors and in the Battle of Imbros. On hearing of the attack on the monitors, Captain P. W. Dumas, commander of the old pre-dreadnought battleship , in port at the British base of Mudos with ''Skirmisher'', the scout and the light cruiser , ordered these ships to raise steam in preparation to set out against the enemy force. Meanwhile, Vice-Admiral Hubert von Rebeur-Paschwitz, commander of the Turkish force ordered ''Yavuz'' and ''Midilli'' to attack Mudros. Both Turkish ships struck mines, with ''Midilli'' soon sinking and ''Yavuz'' badly damaged. By the time the British ships had left Mudros harbor, ''Yavuz'' was re-entering the Dardanelles, protected against surface attack by shore batteries. ''Skirmisher'' remained part of the Aegean Squadron until the end of the war.

''Skirmisher'' had been ordered to return to home waters by May 1919, and was in reserve at Immingham in the Humber by June. On 3 March 1920 she was sold for scrap to Thos. W. Ward, of Preston.Dittmar and Colledge 1972, p. 44.

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External links

Sentinel class in World War I

{{DEFAULTSORT:Skirmisher
Sentinel-class cruisers
World War I cruisers of the United Kingdom
1905 ships