HDMS ''Brev Drageren'' (also ''Brevdrageren'') was a Danish ''let brigger'' (light

brig A brig is a type of sailing vessel defined by its rig: two masts which are both square rig, square-rigged. Brigs originated in the second half of the 18th century and were a common type of smaller merchant vessel or warship from then until the ...

), launched in 1801 for the Royal Danish Navy. She was one of the many vessels the British captured from the Danish after the Battle of Copenhagen in 1807. She was subsequently added to the

Royal Navy The Royal Navy (RN) is the United Kingdom's naval warfare force. Although warships were used by English and Scottish kings from the early medieval period, the first major maritime engagements were fought in the Hundred Years' War against F ...

as HMS ''Brev Drageren'', and was involved in two notable actions while in British service. She was sold in 1825.

Construction and design

''Brevdrageren'' was built at

Bodenhoffs Plads Bodenhoffs Plads is an area located in the north-eastern part of Christianshavn, Copenhagen, Denmark. The site is separated from Grønlandske Handels Plads to the west by Christianshavns Kanal and by Trangraven from Holmen, Copenhagen, Holmen to th ...

to a design by F.C.H. Hohlenberg and launched in 1801. She was the name-ship of a two-vessel class, and both she and her sister ''Fama'' had distinctive pinched or "pink" sterns, that is, sterns that were rounded rather than the more normal square stern. Another vessel, ''Fehmern'', was built similarly to ''Brevdrageren'' and her sister, but was slightly heavier. These vessels were much smaller than the heavy brigs designed for combat and the Danes used them as despatch vessels; ''Brevdrageren'' in Danish means "Despatch" or "Letter Carrier". Her official Danish armament was eight 4-pounder guns and four 12-pounder

carronade A carronade is a short, smoothbore, cast-iron cannon which was used by the Royal Navy. It was first produced by the Carron Company, an ironworks in Falkirk, Scotland, and was used from the mid-18th century to the mid-19th century. Its main func ...

s. Alternatively, she may have carried two 6-pounder guns, and sixteen 12-pounder carronades, since accounts differ.

Danish service

In 1801, together with '' Søormen'', she served as a tender to the naval cadet training ship. In 1802, commanded by Thomas Fasting, she once again served as a tender to the naval cadet training ship and in 1805, under captain F.C. Fisker, was a member of the Danish home squadron.

British service

The

surveyed ''Brev Drageren'' and refitted her at

Chatham Chatham may refer to: Places and jurisdictions Canada * Chatham Islands (British Columbia) * Chatham Sound, British Columbia * Chatham, New Brunswick, a former town, now a neighbourhood of Miramichi * Chatham (electoral district), New Brunswic ...

. She was commissioned under Lieutenant J. S. A. Dennis. In 1809 the Navy considered renaming her ''Cockatrice'' but that plan fell through.Winfield (2008), p.348. Command then passed to a Lieutenant Charles C. Dobson, who was later court martialed for an "unnatural crime" committed in September 1809 while in command. On 24 August 1809, , was in company with the schooner , the gun-vessel , and two boats detached from ''Brev Drageren'' and . Together they captured property at Harlinger Zyl, together with a Danish privateer and a mutt in ballast.

Escape from three Danish Brigs, 1811

Lieutenant Thomas Barker Devon, ex-

First Lieutenant First lieutenant is a commissioned officer military rank in many armed forces; in some forces, it is an appointment. The rank of lieutenant has different meanings in different military formations, but in most forces it is sub-divided into a s ...

of , took command of ''Brev Drageren'' on 12 October 1809. On 31 July 1811, ''Brev Drageren'' and were cruising together in Long Sound, Norway, when they encountered and engaged three Danish brigs, ''Lolland'', under the command of Captain Hans Peter Holm, and ''Kiel'' and ''Lougen''. The Danes had 54 guns and 480 men, against the British 22 guns and 107 men; outnumbered and outgunned, the British vessels took flight.''Naval Chronicle'' Vol. 26 (Jul-Dec 1811), pp.284-6. The next day ''Brev Drageren'' unsuccessfully re-engaged first one and then two of the brigs. In the inconclusive engagement each British vessel sustained one man killed, and ''Brev Drageren'' also had three wounded. In the second day's fight, ''Algerine'' sent a boat and sweeps to ''Brev Drageren'', which helped her escape the Danes, though not until after her crew had rowed for 30 hours.James (1837), Vol. 5, p.346. The Danes reported capturing two cargo ships (galleases) that ''Brev Drageren'' had been escorting.

Capture of Prizes off the Ems, 1812

During 1812 ''Brev Drageren'' was stationed at

Heligoland Heligoland (; german: Helgoland, ; Heligolandic Frisian: , , Mooring Frisian: , da, Helgoland) is a small archipelago in the North Sea. A part of the German state of Schleswig-Holstein since 1890, the islands were historically possessions ...

, which the British had captured in 1807. Here she made several minor captures. One capture was of a French privateer lugger and another was an armed customs-house vessel that ''Brev Drageren'' cut out from Delfzijl at the mouth of the river Ems.Marshall (1831), Vol. 3, Part 1, pp.227-35. The second of these may have been a Danish privateer of one long gun and four

swivel gun The term swivel gun (or simply swivel) usually refers to a small cannon, mounted on a swiveling stand or fork which allows a very wide arc of movement. Another type of firearm referred to as a swivel gun was an early flintlock combination gun wi ...

s that the boats of and ''Brev Drageren'', under the command of Sub-Lieutenant George Anderson of ''Brev Drageren'', cut out. Between 18 and 25 March she captured '' Jeune Nicholas'', ''Trois Freres'', ''Vrow Johanna'', ''Deux Freres'', and the cargo ''Gerrit Peter Kripisz''. Then on 17 April ''Brev Drageren'' was in company with when they captured the ''Noysonheid''. ''Nightingale'' and ''Exertion'' captured the ''Deux Freres'', ''Vrow'', ''Anna Jacobs'', and ''Deux Freres'' (2), on 3 June. On 9 March 1813, ''Brev Drageren'' was in company with when they captured the Danish sloop ''Enigheiden''.

Operations in the Elbe, 1813

On 14 March 1813 Lieutenant Francis Banks, of the

gun-brig A gun-brig was a small brig-rigged warship that enjoyed popularity in the Royal Navy during the Napoleonic Wars, during which large numbers were purchased or built. In general these were vessels of under 200 tons burthen, and thus smaller than ...

''Blazer'', who commanded the small British force stationed off the island of

, received information that the Russian Army had entered Hamburg and that the French at

Cuxhaven Cuxhaven (; ) is an independent town and seat of the Cuxhaven district, in Lower Saxony, Germany. The town includes the northernmost point of Lower Saxony. It is situated on the shore of the North Sea at the mouth of the Elbe River. Cuxhaven has ...

were in some distress. He took ''Brev Drageren'' and proceeded to the river

Elbe The Elbe (; cs, Labe ; nds, Ilv or ''Elv''; Upper and dsb, Łobjo) is one of the major rivers of Central Europe. It rises in the Giant Mountains of the northern Czech Republic before traversing much of Bohemia (western half of the Czech Repu ...

to intercept any fleeing French vessels. Early in the morning he found two abandoned gun-vessels that he destroyed. Then the British found that the French were destroying their flotilla of 20 large gun

schuyt A Dutch barge is a traditional flat-bottomed shoal-draught barge, originally used to carry cargo in the shallow ''Zuyder Zee'' and the waterways of Netherlands. There are very many types of Dutch barge, with characteristics determined by region ...

s. The next day, by invitation from the shore, Banks landed with 32 troops that he had embarked at Heligoland and took possession of the batteries of Cuxhaven. On 17 March he agreed a treaty with the civil authorities that the British flag should be hoisted in conjunction with the colours of Hamburg. The Russians agreed that they would deliver all the military stores they captured to the two British vessels. ''Brev Drageren'' and ''Blazer'' shared in the

prize money Prize money refers in particular to naval prize money, usually arising in naval warfare, but also in other circumstances. It was a monetary reward paid in accordance with the prize law of a belligerent state to the crew of a ship belonging to t ...

for the ''Ever Pascal'', ''Deux Freres'', ''Vrow Elizabeth'', and stores at Cuxhaven and St. Cricq that they captured on 17 March. On 21 March 1813, Devon took eight men and his 12-year-old brother, Midshipman Frederick Devon, in ''Brev Drageren''s

gig Gig or GIG may refer to: Arts and entertainment * ''Gig'' (Circle Jerks album) (1992) * ''Gig'' (Northern Pikes album) (1993) * ''The Gig'', a 1985 film written and directed by Frank D. Gilroy * GIG, a character in ''Hot Wheels AcceleRacers'' ...

. William Dunbar, Master of ''Blazer'', took 11 men in ''Blazer''s cutter. Together the two boats went up river in search of a privateer reported to be in the area. Off the Danish port of Brunsbuttel they sighted two boats, one of which hailed them, ran up Danish colours and opened fire, fortunately over the heads of the British. Devon boarded the gunboat in the smoke of her second broadside, and possibly the explosion of some cartridges on her deck, and captured her. ''Blazer''s cutter came up and together the British sailors succeeded in imprisoning the Danish crew below deck. The gunboat turned out to be the ''Jonge-Troutman''. She was under the command of Lieutenant Lutkin, had a crew of 25 men and carried two 18-pounders and three 12-pounders. Dunbar and the cutter then turned their attention to the second gunboat, the ''Liebe'', and captured her too. She was under the command of Lieutenant Writt and had the same establishment as the ''Jonge-Troutman''. The British suffered no casualties and the Danes suffered two wounded. Admiral Young, the commander-in-chief of the British navy in the area, wrote to Devon, asking him to convey to his men the Admiralty's approbations of their conduct. He acknowledged that "gun-boats make but bad prizes" and therefore pledged that his share of any prize money should be distributed to the crews of the boats. Prize money was paid in June 1815. In 1847 the Admiralty issued the Naval General Service Medal with clasp "21 March Boat Service 1813" to all surviving claimants of the action. There were three claimants. Frederick Devon was one. The other two went to Thomas Davies, then Assistant Surgeon of ''Brev Drageren'' and James Whiteman, then a Private in the

Royal Marines The Corps of Royal Marines (RM), also known as the Royal Marines Commandos, are the UK's special operations capable commando force, amphibious light infantry and also one of the five fighting arms of the Royal Navy. The Corps of Royal Marine ...

, stationed on ''Blazer''. On 4 May Devon received a promotion to commander. ''Brev Drageren'' was re-rated as a

sloop-of-war In the 18th century and most of the 19th, a sloop-of-war in the Royal Navy was a warship with a single gun deck that carried up to eighteen guns. The rating system covered all vessels with 20 guns and above; thus, the term ''sloop-of-war'' enc ...

so that he could continue in command.

Operations in the Ems, 1813

Then on 10 July 1813 ''Brev Drageren'' was part of a squadron that captured eight small vessels in the Elbe and Weser. The squadron included , , , , the hired armed cutter ''Princess Augusta'', and gunboats. In August ''Brev Drageren'' was in company with when they captured the Danish ''droits'' ''Haabet'' and ''Evers'', No. 73 and 123, on the 13th and 14th. In October 1813 Captain Arthur Farquhar, of the 18-pounder 36-gun frigate ''Desiree'', arrived at Heligoland to assume command of the British naval forces there, including ''Brev Drageren''. ''Brev Drageren'', together with two gun-vessels, blockaded Delfzijl, which the French had fortified, by anchoring just outside the range of the French batteries. In this way she contained 17 armed vessels in the port. Devon also assisted in repelling numerous French sorties. Nevertheless, the French held out until the Allies occupied Paris in April 1814. During this period, ''Brev Drageren'' captured ''Enigheid'' on 27 October. Devon came into conflict with the Prussian authorities when he prevented them from seizing spars in the custody of a British government agent. This resulted in ''Brev Drageren'' being recalled to England in July, though no blame attached to Devon.

Fate

Being unfit for further service, ''Brev Drageren'' was hulked as a tender in 1815. On 6 January 1817 the Thames River police took her over for use as a depot. In July 1818 she became a prison ship and served in that capacity until 1820, when she became an Army depot ship. On 24 September 1825 the Navy listed her as available for sale. On 13 October 1825 Joshua Crystall bought ''Brev Drageren'' for breaking up.

Notes

Citations

References

* James, William (1837) ''The Naval History of Great Britain from the declaration of war by France in February 1793 to the accession of George IV in January 1820: with an account of the origin and progressive increase of the British Navy (New edition in Six volumes)''. (London: R. Bentley).
Royal Danish Naval Museum

*O'Byrne, William R. (1849) ''A naval biographical dictionary: comprising the life and services of every living officer in Her Majesty's navy, from the rank of admiral of the fleet to that of lieutenant, inclusive''. (London: J. Murray), vol. 1. *Tancred, George and John Murray, Colonel of Polmaise (1891) ''Historical record of medals and honorary distinctions conferred on the British Navy, Army and auxiliary forces from the earliest period.'' London. *T. A. Topsøe-Jensen og Emil Marquard (1935) "Officerer i den dansk-norske Søetat 1660-1814 og den danske Søetat 1814-1932". (Danish Naval Officers) Two volumes. Downloa

* Wandel, C.F. (1915) ''Søkrigen i de dansk-norske Farvande 1807-14''. (In Danish) *

External links

*Phillips, Michael – ''Ships of the Old Navy'' – ''Brevdrageren'' (1807).
Source
{{DEFAULTSORT:Brev Drageren (1807), Hms Brigs of the Royal Dano-Norwegian Navy Ships designed by Frantz Hohlenberg Gunvessels of the Royal Navy 1801 ships Ships built in Copenhagen Brigs of the Royal Navy Captured ships