HMAS Stuart (FFH 153)

HMAS ''Stuart'' (FFH 153) is an ''Anzac''-class frigate of the Royal Australian Navy (RAN). She was built at Williamstown in Victoria, and commissioned into the RAN in 2002. The frigate is operational as of 2021.

Design and construction

The ''Anzac'' class originated from RAN plans to replace the six River-class destroyer escorts with a mid-capability patrol frigate. The Australian shipbuilding industry was thought to be incapable of warship design, so the RAN decided to take a proven foreign design and modify it. Around the same time, the Royal New Zealand Navy (RNZN) was looking to replace four ''Leander''-class frigates; a deterioration in New Zealand-United States relations, the need to improve alliances with nearby nations, and the commonalities between the RAN and RNZN ships' requirements led the two nations to begin collaborating on the acquisition in 1987. Tenders were requested by the Anzac Ship Project at the end of 1986, with 12 ship designs (including an airship) submitted. By August 1987, the tenders were narrowed down in October to Blohm + Voss's MEKO 200 design, the M class (later ''Karel Doorman'' class) offered by Royal Schelde, and a scaled-down Type 23 frigate proposed by Yarrow Shipbuilders. In 1989, the Australian government announced that Melbourne-based shipbuilder AMECON (which became Tenix Defence) would build the modified MEKO 200 design. The Australians ordered eight ships, while New Zealand ordered two, with an unexercised option for two more.

The ''Anzac''s are based on Blohm + Voss' MEKO 200 PN (or ''Vasco da Gama''-class) frigates, modified to meet Australian and New Zealand specifications and maximise the use of locally built equipment. Each frigate has a full load displacement. The ships are long at the waterline, and long overall, with a beam of , and a full load draught of . A Combined Diesel or Gas (CODOG) propulsion machinery layout is used, with a single, General Electric LM2500-30 gas turbine and two MTU 12V1163 TB83 diesel engines driving the ship's two controllable-pitch propellers. Maximum speed is , and maximum range is over at ; about 50% greater than other MEKO 200 designs. The standard ship's company of an ''Anzac'' consists of 22 officers and 141 sailors.

As designed, the main armament for the frigate is a 5-inch 54 calibre Mark 45 gun, supplemented by an eight-cell Mark 41 vertical launch system (for RIM-7 Sea Sparrow or RIM-162 Evolved Sea Sparrow missiles), two machine guns, and two Mark 32 triple torpedo tube sets (initially firing Mark 46 torpedoes, but later upgraded to use the MU90 Impact torpedo). They were also designed for but not with a close-in weapons system (two Mini Typhoons fitted when required from 2005 onwards), two quad-canister Harpoon anti-ship missile launchers (which were installed across the RAN vessels from 2005 onwards), and a second Mark 41 launcher (which has not been added). The Australian ''Anzac''s use a Sikorsky S-70B-2 Seahawk helicopter; plans to replace them with Kaman SH-2G Super Seasprites were cancelled in 2008 due to ongoing problems.

''Stuart'' was laid down at Williamstown, Victoria on 25 July 1998. The ship was assembled from six hull modules and six superstructure modules; the superstructure modules were fabricated in Whangarei, New Zealand, and hull modules were built at both Williamstown and Newcastle, New South Wales, with final integration at Williamstown. She was launched on 17 April 1999 by the wife of Admiral Chris Barrie, the Chief of the Defence Force, and commissioned into the RAN on 17 August 2002.

Operational history

In April 2003, ''Stuart'' was used to capture ''Pong Su'', a North Korean-owned freighter involved in drug smuggling operations. Several people were arrested ashore as part of an Australian Federal Police operation on 16 April, but ''Pong Su'' refused police orders to sail to the nearest port. A New South Wales Police launch attempted to detain the ship, off Eden, New South Wales on 18 April, but was unable to do so because of heavy seas. ''Stuart'' was deployed to board and capture the merchantman after scrounging sailors from other ships to make up for those on leave for the Easter weekend, embarking a Seahawk helicopter, and taking onboard special forces personnel from the Special Air Service Regiment and the Clearance Diving Team. Accompanied by two police launches, ''Stuart'' intercepted ''Pong Su'' off Sydney on 20 April. The special forces successfully boarded the ship, and she was sailed to Sydney by a RAN steaming party.

In 2004, ''Stuart'' was deployed to the Persian Gulf as part of Operation Catalyst. On 24 April, ''Stuart'', the patrol boat , and the cruiser were patrolling around the Al Başrah Oil Terminal (ABOT) and Khor Al Amaya Oil Terminal (KAAOT), with ''Stuart''s commanding officer in tactical control of the two American warships. Around 19:00, a dhow sailed into the KAAOT security zone. ''Firebolt'' sent a RHIB to board the dhow and order the vessel away, but as the RHIB drew alongside, the dhow exploded. ''Stuart'', away, began sailing to assist, while the Australian ship's S-70B-2 Seahawk helicopter, away diverted to the explosion site. The Seahawk and a RHIB from ''Stuart'' began assisting survivors from ''Firebolt''s boarding party; after experiencing difficulty in handling the injured Americans, the Seahawk's sensor operator dived into the water to assist. Casualties were brought aboard ''Firebolt'', then transferred by helicopter and boat to ''Stuart''. Meanwhile, two more dhows attempted to attack ABOT—the explosion of the first dhow was the prelude to a coordinated attack on the oil terminal—but were fended off by the facility's Iraqi security team and detonated before reaching their targets. Three of the seven personnel aboard ''Firebolt''s RHIB were killed, and the other four were seriously injured. The Seahawk's sensor operator was later awarded the Medal for Gallantry for his actions during the incident.

In February 2006, fire broke out about , ''Stuart''s sister ship, during an exercise off the coast of Australia. ''Te Mana''s Seasprite helicopter was diverted to ''Stuart'', while the fire was put out by the crew.

On the morning of 13 March 2009, ''Stuart'' was one of seventeen warships involved in a ceremonial fleet entry and fleet review in Sydney Harbour, the largest collection of RAN ships since the Australian Bicentenary in 1988. The frigate was one of the thirteen ships involved in the ceremonial entry through Sydney Heads, and anchored in the harbour for the review.

On 22 March 2011, while operating off Somalia as part of Combined Task Force 151, ''Stuart'' machine-gunned an unmanned skiff being towed by MV ''Sinar Kudus'', a hijacked cargo carrier operating as a pirate mother ship. The skiff was destroyed. This was the first time an Australian warship had fired in anger at Somali pirates.

On 11 April 2011, ''Stuart'' interdicted the Yemeni-flagged dhow named ''Al Shahar 75''. A boarding party from the frigate rescued three crew members being held hostage, while the fifteen Somali pirates, who had surrendered as ''Stuart'' approached, were allowed to return to their skiff and sail to shore after their weapons and equipment were disposed of.

In October 2013, ''Stuart'' participated in the International Fleet Review 2013 in Sydney.

In November 2014, ''Stuart'' and sister ship were deployed to shadow a Russian naval force operating in international waters off Australia during the 2014 G-20 Brisbane summit. The Russian deployment was believed to be in response to troubled recent relationships between the two nations.

''Stuart'' is the last ship of the ''Anzac'' class to undergo the Anti-Ship Missile Defence (ASMD) upgrade. The upgrade will include the fitting of CEA Technologies' CEAFAR and CEAMOUNT phased array radars on new masts, a Vampir NG Infrared Search and Track system, and Sharpeye Navigational Radar Systems, along with improvements to the operations room equipment and layout. Work commenced in early 2016, and is due to be completed by 2017.

HMAS ''Stuart'' joined KDB ''Darulehsan'', HMAS ''Sirius'', USS ''Rafael Peralta'' and RSS ''Supreme'' on their way to Pearl Harbor, Hawaii in preparation for RIMPAC 2020 on 6 August. RIMPAC 2020 will scheduled to start on 17 August.

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{{DEFAULTSORT:Stuart, HMAS
Anzac-class frigates of the Royal Australian Navy
Naval ships of Australia
1999 ships
Military Units in Western Australia