HDMS ''Ingolf'' was a Danish schooner-rigged steam gunboat build in iron and launched in 1876. ''Ingolf'' marks a transition between the traditional gunships with muzzle-loading cannons placed along the sides of the ship and modern

breechloading A breechloader is a firearm in which the user loads the ammunition (cartridge or shell) via the rear (breech) end of its barrel, as opposed to a muzzleloader, which loads ammunition via the front ( muzzle). Modern firearms are generally breec ...

and turning guns placed in the centerline of the ship. The guns on ''Ingolf'' were

guns from

Krupp The Krupp family (see pronunciation), a prominent 400-year-old German dynasty from Essen, is notable for its production of steel, artillery, ammunition and other armaments. The family business, known as Friedrich Krupp AG (Friedrich Krup ...

Germany Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country in Europe after Russia, and the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany is situated betwe ...

. The steam engine was British and could deliver 650 HP. The propeller could be hoisted up into a well on the underside of the ship, so as not to slow down the ship when she went for sails. ''Ingolf'' undertook a large number of voyages, often in the North Atlantic (

Faroes The Faroe Islands ( ), or simply the Faroes ( fo, Føroyar ; da, Færøerne ), are a North Atlantic island group and an autonomous territory of the Kingdom of Denmark. They are located north-northwest of Scotland, and about halfway betw ...

Iceland Iceland ( is, Ísland; ) is a Nordic island country in the North Atlantic Ocean and in the Arctic Ocean. Iceland is the most sparsely populated country in Europe. Iceland's capital and largest city is Reykjavík, which (along with its s ...

and

Greenland Greenland ( kl, Kalaallit Nunaat, ; da, Grønland, ) is an island country in North America that is part of the Kingdom of Denmark. It is located between the Arctic and Atlantic oceans, east of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. Greenland is t ...

) in summer and the Danish West Indies in winter. From 1897 ''Ingolf'' also served as training ship for

non-commissioned officer A non-commissioned officer (NCO) is a military officer who has not pursued a commission. Non-commissioned officers usually earn their position of authority by promotion through the enlisted ranks. (Non-officers, which includes most or all enli ...

s and

cadet A cadet is an officer trainee or candidate. The term is frequently used to refer to those training to become an officer in the military, often a person who is a junior trainee. Its meaning may vary between countries which can include youths in ...

s. During World War I ''Ingolf'' was part of the Danish alerted fleet (not a true mobilization, as Denmark was neutral during the war). The last voyage as a training ship was in 1922 and went to the Mediterranean. Decommissioned in 1926 and sold for scrap.

Ingolf expedition

''Ingolf'' was used for two oceanographic expeditions during the summer months of 1895 and 1896, collectively known as the Ingolf Expedition. The cruises were financed by the Danish Government and had the objective of studying the

bathymetry Bathymetry (; ) is the study of underwater depth of ocean floors (''seabed topography''), lake floors, or river floors. In other words, bathymetry is the underwater equivalent to hypsometry or topography. The first recorded evidence of water de ...

around

, northwards toward

Jan Mayen Jan Mayen () is a Norwegian volcanic island in the Arctic Ocean with no permanent population. It is long (southwest-northeast) and in area, partly covered by glaciers (an area of around the Beerenberg volcano). It has two parts: larger nort ...

and off West

, heavily inspired by the Challenger expedition and similar American and German expeditions. Commander both years was the experienced captain C.F. Wandel and scientific crew consisted of three zoologists ( Hector Jungersen,

William Lundbeck William Lundbeck (16 October 1863 in Aalborg – 18 May 1941 in Kongens Lyngby) was a Danish entomologist mainly interested in Diptera. He was a Professor in the University Museum in Copenhagen. Lundbeck's most important work was ''Diptera Danica. ...

, and H.J. Hansen, replaced in 1896 by

Carl Wesenberg-Lund Carl Jørgen Wesenberg-Lund (December 22, 1867 in Copenhagen - November 12, 1955), Doctor of Philosophy, D.Phil, professor of limnology 1922-1939 at the University of Copenhagen, was a Denmark, Danish zoology, zoologist and freshwater ecology, eco ...

), one botanist ( Carl H. Ostenfeld) and one hydrographer ( Martin Knudsen). Despite severe weather and ice conditions thousands of hydrographical measurements were taken and biological samples collected at a total of 144 stations, down to depths of 3500 meter. The results are published in the impressive report ''The Danish Ingolf-Expedition (1899–1942, 5550 pages and 333 plates). The most significant results were the demonstration of two different bottom faunas separated by the

Wyville Thomson Ridge The Wyville Thomson Ridge is a bathymetric feature of the North Atlantic Ocean floor ca. 200 km in length, located between the Faroe Islands and Scotland. The ridge separates the Faroe–Shetland Channel to the north from the Rockall Trough ...

south of the Faroe Islands and the systematic difference in temperature of the water at the sea floor between the north and south side of the ridge; and the very large number of small crustaceans collected by means of H.C. Hansen's method of filtering the bottom mud with fine silk gauze rather than a metal sieve. A very large number of species of micro-crustaceans were thus described for the first time based on the material collected by the Ingolf expedition.

References

External links

Ingolf Report on Biodiversitylibrary.org
{{DEFAULTSORT:Ingolf (1876) Research vessels of Denmark Ships built in Copenhagen Gunboats of Denmark 1876 ships