H-Store is an experimental
database management system
In computing, a database is an organized collection of data stored and accessed electronically. Small databases can be stored on a file system, while large databases are hosted on computer clusters or cloud storage. The design of databases span ...
(DBMS). It was designed for
online transaction processing In online transaction processing (OLTP), information systems typically facilitate and manage transaction-oriented applications. This is contrasted with online analytical processing.
The term "transaction" can have two different meanings, both of wh ...
applications. H-Store was developed by a team at
Brown University
Brown University is a private research university in Providence, Rhode Island. Brown is the seventh-oldest institution of higher education in the United States, founded in 1764 as the College in the English Colony of Rhode Island and Providenc ...
,
Carnegie Mellon University
Carnegie Mellon University (CMU) is a private research university in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. One of its predecessors was established in 1900 by Andrew Carnegie as the Carnegie Technical Schools; it became the Carnegie Institute of Technology ...
, the
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
The Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) is a private land-grant research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Established in 1861, MIT has played a key role in the development of modern technology and science, and is one of the ...
, and
Yale University
Yale University is a private research university in New Haven, Connecticut. Established in 1701 as the Collegiate School, it is the third-oldest institution of higher education in the United States and among the most prestigious in the wo ...
in 2007 by researchers
Michael Stonebraker
Michael Ralph Stonebraker (born October 11, 1943) is a computer scientist specializing in database systems. Through a series of academic prototypes and commercial startups, Stonebraker's research and products are central to many relational databa ...
,
Sam Madden
Samuel R. Madden (born August 4, 1976) is an American computer scientist specializing in database management systems. He is currently a professor of computer science at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
Career
Madden was born and raise ...
, Andy Pavlo and
Daniel Abadi.
Architecture
H-Store was promoted as a new class of
parallel database management systems, called
NewSQL
NewSQL is a class of relational database management systems that seek to provide the scalability of NoSQL systems for online transaction processing (OLTP) workloads while maintaining the ACID guarantees of a traditional database system.
Many e ...
, that provide the high-throughput and high-availability of
NoSQL
A NoSQL (originally referring to "non- SQL" or "non-relational") database provides a mechanism for storage and retrieval of data that is modeled in means other than the tabular relations used in relational databases. Such databases have existed ...
systems, but without giving up the transactional consistency of a traditional DBMS known as
ACID
In computer science, ACID ( atomicity, consistency, isolation, durability) is a set of properties of database transactions intended to guarantee data validity despite errors, power failures, and other mishaps. In the context of databases, a sequ ...
(atomicity, consistency, isolation and durability). Such systems operate across multiple machines, as opposed to a single, more powerful, more expensive machine.
H-Store is able to execute
transaction processing
Transaction processing is information processing in computer science that is divided into individual, indivisible operations called ''transactions''. Each transaction must succeed or fail as a complete unit; it can never be only partially comple ...
with high throughput by forgoing many features of traditional
relational database management systems
A relational database is a (most commonly digital) database based on the relational model of data, as proposed by E. F. Codd in 1970. A system used to maintain relational databases is a relational database management system (RDBMS). Many relatio ...
.
H-Store was designed as a
parallel
Parallel is a geometric term of location which may refer to:
Computing
* Parallel algorithm
* Parallel computing
* Parallel metaheuristic
* Parallel (software), a UNIX utility for running programs in parallel
* Parallel Sysplex, a cluster of IBM ...
system to run on a cluster of
shared-nothing A shared-nothing architecture (SN) is a distributed computing architecture in which each update request is satisfied by a single node (processor/memory/storage unit) in a computer cluster. The intent is to eliminate contention among nodes. Nodes do ...
, main memory executor nodes (processor + memory + storage). The database is
partitioned into disjoint subsets each assigned to a single-threaded execution engine assigned to one
core
Core or cores may refer to:
Science and technology
* Core (anatomy), everything except the appendages
* Core (manufacturing), used in casting and molding
* Core (optical fiber), the signal-carrying portion of an optical fiber
* Core, the central ...
on one node. Each engine has exclusive access to all of the data in its partition. Because it is single-threaded, only one transaction at a time can access the data stored on that partition. No physical locks or latches are included in the system, and once it is started, no transaction stalls waiting for another transaction to complete. Throughput is increased by increasing the number of nodes in the system and reducing partition sizes.
Licensing
H-Store was licensed under the
BSD license
BSD licenses are a family of permissive free software licenses, imposing minimal restrictions on the use and distribution of covered software. This is in contrast to copyleft licenses, which have share-alike requirements. The original BSD lic ...
and
GPL
The GNU General Public License (GNU GPL or simply GPL) is a series of widely used free software licenses that guarantee end users the four freedoms to run, study, share, and modify the software. The license was the first copyleft for general u ...
licenses. By 2009, the
VoltDB
Volt Active Data (formerly VoltDB) is an in-memory database designed by Michael Stonebraker, Sam Madden, and Daniel Abadi.
It is an ACID-compliant RDBMS that uses a shared-nothing architecture, and is derived from work done by Stonebraker on O ...
company developed a commercial version, and the H-Store research group shut down in 2016.
[
]
See also
*
C-Store
C-Store is a database management system (DBMS) based on a column-oriented DBMS developed by a team at Brown University, Brandeis University, Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the University of Massachusetts Boston including Michael Stonebr ...
References
{{Reflist
Data management
Distributed data stores
Free database management systems
NewSQL
Software using the BSD license