Groveland is a

town A town is a human settlement. Towns are generally larger than villages and smaller than cities, though the criteria to distinguish between them vary considerably in different parts of the world. Origin and use The word "town" shares an ori ...

in Livingston County,

New York New York most commonly refers to: * New York City, the most populous city in the United States, located in the state of New York * New York (state), a state in the northeastern United States New York may also refer to: Film and television * '' ...

, United States. The population was 3,249 at the 2010 census. The town is centrally located in the county, south of Geneseo.

History

The

Sullivan Expedition The 1779 Sullivan Expedition (also known as the Sullivan-Clinton Expedition, the Sullivan Campaign, and the Sullivan-Clinton Genocide) was a United States military campaign during the American Revolutionary War, lasting from June to October 1779 ...

(1779) reached its farthest extent here. Groveland was the site of the

Boyd and Parker ambush The Boyd and Parker ambush was a minor military engagement in what is now Groveland, New York on September 13, 1779, during the American Revolutionary War. A scouting patrol of the Sullivan Expedition was ambushed by Loyalist soldiers led by Majo ...

. In 1792, the first planned European American settlement in Livingston County was located in Groveland and was called "Willamsburgh" after Sir William Pulteney, a land speculator. The town was formed in 1789 as part of Ontario County, later becoming part of Livingston County when it was formed in 1821. Part of Groveland was used to form part of the town of Conesus (1819). The

Groveland Shaker Village Groveland Shaker Village was a settlement of Shakers in Groveland, New York under the bishopric of Groveland.Stephen J. Paterwic. Historical Dictionary of the Shakers'. Scarecrow Press; 11 August 2008. . p. 18. In 1826, a Shaker group was organiz ...

settlement was established in 1836 on a farm at the hamlet of Sonyea. Their peak in population was 148 members that year, when they moved from their former location at Sodus. The

Shakers The United Society of Believers in Christ's Second Appearing, more commonly known as the Shakers, are a Millenarianism, millenarian Restorationism, restorationist Christianity, Christian sect founded in England and then organized in the Unit ...

sold the Sonyea property in 1892 due to declining membership, and moved to Watervliet. Their former buildings and land became the

Craig Colony for Epileptics Craig Colony for Epileptics was a residential facility for epileptics in Sonyea, Livingston County, New York, US. History Situated at a former Shaker colony, the facility was established in 1896 on . Its inspiration was the colony at Bielefel ...

in 1896 and are now part of the

Groveland Correctional Facility Groveland Correctional Facility is a medium security prison located in the Town of Groveland in Livingston County, New York, in the United States. The facility is located next to the community of Sonyea in Groveland on the site of a former Sha ...

. The Claud No. 1 Archeological Site was added to the

National Register of Historic Places The National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) is the United States federal government's official list of districts, sites, buildings, structures and objects deemed worthy of preservation for their historical significance or "great artistic v ...

in 1975. The

Boyd & Parker Park and Groveland Ambuscade Boyd & Parker Park and Groveland Ambuscade is a historic park area located near the Town of Groveland in Livingston County, New York. The site commemorates the Boyd and Parker ambush, which took place during the Sullivan Expedition of the America ...

were also listed on the National Register in 2009.

Notable people

Josiah Begole Josiah Williams Begole (January 20, 1815June 5, 1896) was an American politician serving as a U.S. Representative from 1873 to 1875 and the 19th governor of Michigan from 1883 to 1885. Early life in New York Begole was born in Groveland, New ...

(1815-1896), former governor of Michigan; born in Groveland *

Charles H. Carroll Charles Holker Carroll (May 4, 1794 – June 8, 1865) was an American farmer and politician from New York who was a descendant of the Carrolls of Carrollton and married into the Van Rensselaer family. Early life Carroll was born on May 4, 179 ...

(1794-1865), Whig congressman for New York, 1843–47 * John Vance Cheney (1848-1922), poet, essayist and librarian; born in Groveland * Charles A. Goheen (1843-1899), Medal of Honor recipient in the American Civil War * Daniel Kelly (1841-1912), Medal of Honor recipient in the American Civil War * Walter W. Magee (1861-1927), Republican congressman for New York, 1915–27 *

Elizabeth Smith Miller Elizabeth Smith Miller ( Smith; September 20, 1822 – May 23, 1911), known as "Libby", was an American advocate and financial supporter of the women's rights movement.NY History Net (April 21, 2011). Biography Elizabeth Smith was born Septembe ...

(1822-1911), dress reformer and women's rights activist; native of Groveland

Geography

According to the

United States Census Bureau The United States Census Bureau (USCB), officially the Bureau of the Census, is a principal agency of the U.S. Federal Statistical System, responsible for producing data about the American people and economy. The Census Bureau is part of the ...

, the town has a total area of , of which are land and , or 1.82%, are water.

Conesus Lake Conesus Lake is a lake located in Livingston County, New York. Conesus Lake is the westernmost of New York's eleven Finger Lakes. It is located off Interstate 390 about south of Interstate 90. Description Conesus Lake is long, with a maximum ...

, one of the

Finger Lakes The Finger Lakes are a group of eleven long, narrow, roughly north–south lakes located south of Lake Ontario in an area called the ''Finger Lakes region'' in New York, in the United States. This region straddles the northern and transitional ...

, forms part of the eastern boundary.

Canaseraga Creek Canaseraga Creek is a stream that flows through Livingston, Steuben, and Allegany Counties in western and central New York. It is a tributary of the Genesee River, and its watershed is the largest sub-watershed of that river. The creek's name ...

, a north-flowing tributary of the

Genesee River The Genesee River is a tributary of Lake Ontario flowing northward through the Twin Tiers of Pennsylvania and New York in the United States. The river provided the original power for the Rochester area's 19th century mills and still provides h ...

, crosses the southwest part of the town through a broad valley.

Interstate 390 Interstate 390 (I-390) is a north–south auxiliary Interstate Highway located entirely within New York in the United States. The southern terminus of the route is at the Southern Tier Expressway ( I-86 and New York State Route 17 Y ...

passes north-to-south through the town.

New York State Route 36 New York State Route 36 (NY 36) is a north–south state highway in the western part of New York in the United States. The highway extends for from the Pennsylvania state line at Troupsburg, Steuben County northward to Ogden, Monro ...

New York State Route 63 New York State Route 63 (NY 63) is a state highway in the western part of New York in the United States. It extends for in a generally southeast–northwest direction from an intersection with NY 15 and NY 21 in the village o ...

, and

New York State Route 256 New York State Route 256 (NY 256) is a north–south state highway located within Livingston County, New York, in the United States. It extends for across mostly rural terrain from an intersection with NY 63 in the village of Dan ...

are north-south highways through the town. New York State Route 408 is a highway terminating in the western part of the town at NY-63. Groveland is on the

Rochester Rochester may refer to: Places Australia * Rochester, Victoria Canada * Rochester, Alberta United Kingdom *Rochester, Kent ** City of Rochester-upon-Medway (1982–1998), district council area ** History of Rochester, Kent ** HM Prison ...

-to- Dansville line of the

Rochester & Southern Railroad The Rochester and Southern Railroad , a subsidiary of Genesee & Wyoming Inc., is a class III shortline that runs from the city of Rochester in Monroe County to Silver Springs, NY. The RSR started in 1986, when the B&O sold off its Buffalo a ...

. From 1882-1963, Groveland was on the Main Line of the

Delaware, Lackawanna & Western Railroad The Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad (also known as the DL&W or Lackawanna Railroad) was a U.S. Class 1 railroad that connected Buffalo, New York, and Hoboken, New Jersey (and by ferry with New York City), a distance of . Incorporated in ...

(DL&W) and successor

Erie-Lackawanna Railroad The Erie Lackawanna Railway , known as the Erie Lackawanna Railroad until 1968, was formed from the 1960 merger of the Erie Railroad and the Delaware, Lackawanna & Western Railroad. The official motto of the line was "The Friendly Service Route" ...

. In 1963, the Main Line over Dansville Hill from Groveland to Wayland was abandoned by order of the

Interstate Commerce Commission The Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC) was a regulatory agency in the United States created by the Interstate Commerce Act of 1887. The agency's original purpose was to regulate railroads (and later trucking) to ensure fair rates, to eliminat ...

to promote highway usage. The portion of today's R&S line west and north of Groveland was originally part of the DL&W, while the portion between Groveland and Dansville was part of the

Dansville and Mount Morris Railroad The Dansville and Mount Morris Railroad is a short line railroad located in Dansville, New York. The Dansville and Mount Morris Railroad first opened in the 1870s. It extended the entire length from Dansville to Mount Morris, New York. The li ...

and predecessors.

Adjacent towns and areas

(

Clockwise Two-dimensional rotation can occur in two possible directions. Clockwise motion (abbreviated CW) proceeds in the same direction as a clock's hands: from the top to the right, then down and then to the left, and back up to the top. The opposite ...

) * Geneseo * Conesus *

Sparta Sparta ( Doric Greek: Σπάρτα, ''Spártā''; Attic Greek: Σπάρτη, ''Spártē'') was a prominent city-state in Laconia, in ancient Greece. In antiquity, the city-state was known as Lacedaemon (, ), while the name Sparta referre ...

; West Sparta * Mount Morris

Demographics

As of the

census A census is the procedure of systematically acquiring, recording and calculating information about the members of a given population. This term is used mostly in connection with national population and housing censuses; other common censuses incl ...

of 2000, there were 3,853 people, 555 households, and 396 families residing in the town. The

population density Population density (in agriculture: standing stock or plant density) is a measurement of population per unit land area. It is mostly applied to humans, but sometimes to other living organisms too. It is a key geographical term.Matt RosenberPopul ...

was 98.4 people per square mile (38.0/km²). There were 649 housing units at an average density of 16.6 per square mile (6.4/km²). The racial makeup of the town was 60.06%

White White is the lightest color and is achromatic (having no hue). It is the color of objects such as snow, chalk, and milk, and is the opposite of black. White objects fully reflect and scatter all the visible wavelengths of light. White on ...

, 32.44%

African American African Americans (also referred to as Black Americans and Afro-Americans) are an ethnic group consisting of Americans with partial or total ancestry from sub-Saharan Africa. The term "African American" generally denotes descendants of ens ...

, 0.26% Native American, 0.18%

Asian Asian may refer to: * Items from or related to the continent of Asia: ** Asian people, people in or descending from Asia ** Asian culture, the culture of the people from Asia ** Asian cuisine, food based on the style of food of the people from Asi ...

, 6.46% from

other races Other often refers to: * Other (philosophy), a concept in psychology and philosophy Other or The Other may also refer to: Film and television * ''The Other'' (1913 film), a German silent film directed by Max Mack * ''The Other'' (1930 film), a ...

, and 0.60% from two or more races.

Hispanic The term ''Hispanic'' ( es, hispano) refers to people, Spanish culture, cultures, or countries related to Spain, the Spanish language, or Hispanidad. The term commonly applies to countries with a cultural and historical link to Spain and to Vic ...

Latino Latino or Latinos most often refers to: * Latino (demonym), a term used in the United States for people with cultural ties to Latin America * Hispanic and Latino Americans in the United States * The people or cultures of Latin America; ** Latin A ...

of any race were 15.23% of the population. There were 555 households, out of which 33.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 59.8% were

married couples Marriage, also called matrimony or wedlock, is a culturally and often legally recognized union between people called spouses. It establishes rights and obligations between them, as well as between them and their children, and between t ...

living together, 6.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.6% were non-families. 20.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.63 and the average family size was 3.04. In the town, the population was spread out, with 9.9% under the age of 18, 10.4% from 18 to 24, 54.2% from 25 to 44, 20.4% from 45 to 64, and 5.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 411.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 529.9 males. The median income for a household in the town was $46,797, and the median income for a family was $48,828. Males had a median income of $24,353 versus $26,477 for females. The

per capita income Per capita income (PCI) or total income measures the average income earned per person in a given area (city, region, country, etc.) in a specified year. It is calculated by dividing the area's total income by its total population. Per capita i ...

for the town was $13,433. About 7.7% of families and 8.8% of the population were below the

poverty line The poverty threshold, poverty limit, poverty line or breadline is the minimum level of income deemed adequate in a particular country. The poverty line is usually calculated by estimating the total cost of one year's worth of necessities for t ...

, including 12.8% of those under age 18 and 1.2% of those age 65 or over.

Communities and locations in Groveland

*Cottonwood Point – A hamlet on the shore of Conesus Lake and on NY-256. *East Groveland – A

hamlet ''The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark'', often shortened to ''Hamlet'' (), is a tragedy written by William Shakespeare sometime between 1599 and 1601. It is Shakespeare's longest play, with 29,551 words. Set in Denmark, the play depicts ...

in the northeast part of the town. *Gray Corners – A location south of Maple Beach. *Groveland – The hamlet of Groveland is by the south town line on NY-63 and is part of the "Groveland Station"

census-designated place A census-designated place (CDP) is a concentration of population defined by the United States Census Bureau for statistical purposes only. CDPs have been used in each decennial census since 1980 as the counterparts of incorporated places, such ...

. The

Sparta First Presbyterian Church Sparta First Presbyterian Church is a historic Presbyterian church located at Groveland Station in Livingston County, New York. The building is a simple but sophisticated combination of Arts and Crafts principals and freely styled Tudor Gothic ...

was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2007. *Groveland Corners – A hamlet in the central part of the town, north of Groveland village. *

– A state

prison A prison, also known as a jail, gaol (dated, standard English, Australian, and historically in Canada), penitentiary (American English and Canadian English), detention center (or detention centre outside the US), correction center, correc ...

by the west town line, near Sonyea. *Hampton Corners – A location in the northwest part of the town on NY-63. The

Black and White Farm Barn Black and White Farm Barn is a historic barn located near Sonyea in Livingston County, New York. It is a large two story wood-frame building built in 1884 on a farm. The barn is rectangular in plan and measures in length and in depth. It feat ...

was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1988. *Hunts Corners – A former community in the northeast part of the town. *Maple Beach – A location on Conesus Lake, south of Cottonwood Point on NY-256. *Ross Corners – A location by the south town line. *Sonyea – A hamlet in the southwest part of the town on NY-36. The name could translate to “burning sun” or “hot valley," or comes from “Son-He," a Seneca name meaning Thou Art Living There) or from Seneca Captain Snow (Soyeawa). A persistent rumor began that the name was an acronym for the State Of New York Epileptic Asylum, but the name Sonyea was used in the early 1800s, long before Craig Colony for Epileptics opened in 1896. *Tuscarora – The

First Presbyterian Church of Tuscarora First Presbyterian Church of Tuscarora is a historic Presbyterian church located at Tuscarora in Livingston County, New York. It was built about 1844 and is a three- by five-bay Greek Revival style frame building. The gable roof is surmounted b ...

was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2004. *Williamsburgh – A former community in the town that was the site of the first planned European American settlement, although it was soon abandoned. All of the hamlets listed on the shore of Conesus Lake are part of the

References

External links

*
Brief history of Groveland, NY
{{Coord, 42, 39, 53, N, 77, 46, 11, W, type:city_region:US-NY, display=title Rochester metropolitan area, New York Populated places established in 1792 Towns in Livingston County, New York 1792 establishments in New York (state)