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Green Valley is an unincorporated community and
census-designated place A census-designated place (CDP) is a concentration of population defined by the United States Census Bureau for statistical purposes only. CDPs have been used in each decennial census since 1980 as the counterparts of incorporated places, such ...
(CDP) in Pima County, Arizona, United States. The population was 22,616 at the 2020 census.


Geography

Green Valley is located along the western side of the Santa Cruz River at (31.8556, -111.0001).
Continental Continental may refer to: Places * Continent, the major landmasses of Earth * Continental, Arizona, a small community in Pima County, Arizona, US * Continental, Ohio, a small town in Putnam County, US Arts and entertainment * ''Continental'' ( ...
is to the east of Green Valley, on the other side of the river. According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 26.3 square miles (68.0 km2), of which 26.2 square miles (68.0 km2) is land and 0.04 square mile (0.1 km2) (0.08%) is water. Green Valley is twenty miles (32 km) south of Tucson and north of Nogales, Sonora, Mexico. Surrounded by copper mines, and near the cycling, hiking and birding areas of the
Santa Rita Mountains The Santa Rita Mountains (O'odham: To:wa Kuswo Doʼag), located about 65 km (40 mi) southeast of Tucson, Arizona, extend 42 km (26 mi) from north to south, then trending southeast. They merge again southeastwards into the Pat ...
, Green Valley is an unincorporated
retirement community A retirement community is a residential community or housing complex designed for older adults who are generally able to care for themselves; however, assistance from home care agencies is allowed in some communities, and activities and socia ...
composed of 59 Homeowner Associations. The largest of the mines are the Sierrita Mine owned by Freeport-McMoRan and the
Mission Mine Mission (from Latin ''missio'' "the act of sending out") may refer to: Organised activities Religion *Christian mission, an organized effort to spread Christianity *Mission (LDS Church), an administrative area of The Church of Jesus Christ of ...
of
ASARCO Asarco LLC (American Smelting and Refining Company) is a mining, smelting, and refining company based in Tucson, Arizona, which mines and processes primarily copper. The company has been a subsidiary of Grupo México since 1999. Its three larg ...
. Compared to other mines in Arizona the two mines are large; Sierrita is low-grade.


Climate

Green Valley has a borderline
hot semi-arid Hot or the acronym HOT may refer to: Food and drink *Pungency, in food, a spicy or hot quality *Hot, a wine tasting descriptor Places *Hot district, a district of Chiang Mai province, Thailand ** Hot subdistrict, a sub-district of Hot Distric ...
/ hot desert climate (Köppen ''BSh''/''BWh'') with three seasons: a warm to mild winter with chilly nights from October through March; a hot, extremely dry summer season from April to late June; and a hot, relatively humid monsoon season from July through September. Outside monsoon season, rainfall is uniformly scarce, having exceeded only in October 2000 amongst other months. The wettest month on record has been July 1990 with , of which fell on July 15. The wettest calendar year has been 1993 with while the driest since 1988 has been 1997 with . Temperatures are uniformly hot during the summer and monsoon seasons, with exceeded on 154 days during an average year, and 77 nights failing to fall below , including every night during August 2011. Frosts occur 37 nights per winter on average, and daytime highs fail to top on nine days.


Demographics


2010 census

As of the census of 2010, there were 21,391 people residing in Green Valley. The population density was 663.4 people per square mile. There were 17,322 housing units. The racial makeup of the CDP was 93.4% non-Hispanic White, 0.4% Black or African American, 0.3% Native American, 0.7% Asian, 0.4% from other races, and 0.7% from two or more races. 4.9% of the population were
Hispanic or Latino ''Hispanic'' and '' Latino'' are ethnonyms used to refer collectively to the inhabitants of the United States who are of Spanish or Latin American ancestry (). While the terms are sometimes used interchangeably, for example, by the United States ...
of any race. The median income for a household in Green Valley was $46,732 in 2014 dollars. The per capita income for the CDP was $35,416. 4.6% of the population was below the poverty line.


2000 census

As of the census of 2000, there were 17,283 people, 9,995 households, and 6,296 families residing in the CDP. The population density was . There were 13,263 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the CDP was 98.4% White, 0.2%
Black Black is a color which results from the absence or complete absorption of visible light. It is an achromatic color, without hue, like white and grey. It is often used symbolically or figuratively to represent darkness. Black and white have of ...
or
African American African Americans (also referred to as Black Americans and Afro-Americans) are an ethnic group consisting of Americans with partial or total ancestry from sub-Saharan Africa. The term "African American" generally denotes descendants of enslav ...
, 0.2% Native American, 0.3% Asian, 0.1%
Pacific Islander Pacific Islanders, Pasifika, Pasefika, or rarely Pacificers are the peoples of the Pacific Islands. As an ethnic/ racial term, it is used to describe the original peoples—inhabitants and diasporas—of any of the three major subregions of Oce ...
, 0.4% from other races, and 0.5% from two or more races. 2.3% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. There were 9,995 households, out of which 1.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 59.8% were married couples living together, 2.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 37.0% were non-families. 34.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 28.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 1.71 and the average family size was 2.07. In the CDP, the population consisted of 1.6% of inhabitants under the age of 18, 0.7% from 18 to 24, 2.8% from 25 to 44, 21.7% from 45 to 64, and 73.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 72 years. For every 100 females, there were 79.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 79.3 males. The median income for a household in the CDP was $40,213, and the median income for a family was $48,369. Males had a median income of $34,500 versus $25,932 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $31,138. About 1.7% of families and 3.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 3.1% of those under age 18 and 2.8% of those age 65 or over.


Government

As an unincorporated community, most government services are provided by Pima County. The Green Valley Council, a
community association A community association is a nongovernmental association of participating members of a community, such as a neighborhood, village, condominium, cooperative, or group of homeowners or property owners in a delineated geographic area. Participation ma ...
, represents Green Valley to the county government. A second community association, Green Valley Recreation, provides recreation services to Green Valley. Green Valley Fire District provides fire and emergency services to Green Valley.


Transportation

Green Valley is served by Sun Shuttle service to Tucson.


Water sustainability

According to a 2007 report by Pima County, of water was pumped from the aquifer in the Upper Santa Cruz Valley in 2006, with 85 percent of that water being used for mining and agriculture. The remaining 15 percent was split between water used for golf courses and residential/commercial water use. The report explains that "The Green Valley area does not have a sustainable water supply given current groundwater pumping rates... the water table in Green Valley has been declining in past years, and is expected to decline even faster as water demands ontinue to increase..". The report concludes that "Water supplies will become critical within the next ten years." The original 2007 report from Pima County contained a number of recommendations. Four out of five of the recommendations suggested taking advantage the "Central Arizona Project (CAP) renewable water supplies, as well as recharge of the same". The report states, "the size of a pipeline that would convey Central Arizona Project water for direct use or recharge for the entire Upper Basin would need to be at least 72 inches in diameter." As of 2017 one 36" CAP pipeline has been completed with a second 36" CAP pipeline slated for completion in the later part of 2017. (Note, however, that two 36-inch pipes provide only one half the capacity of a single 72-inch pipe, because capacity scales with cross-sectional area, not with diameter.) The Upper Santa Cruz Valley has several major water users, all pumping water out of the same aquifer. Most area water users are for-profit companies. ASARCO-Mission Mine, Freeport-McMoRan Sierrita Mine and Farmers Investment Co. (farming) are industrial scale water users. Residential water is provided by Farmers Water Company, Sahuarita Water Company, Las Quintas Serenas Water Company, Quail Creek Water Company, Community Water Company of Green Valley (a nonprofit member owned cooperative), and the Green Valley Water District (a governmental water utility). The proliferation of water companies can be partially explained by the fact that Arizona water law places few limits on the amount of water that can be pumped with costs limited only to drilling, pumping, distribution, etc. Since 2007 the Upper Santa Cruz Providers and Users Group (USCPUG) has been working to bring all local water entities, including the Town of
Sahuarita Sahuarita is a town in Pima County, Arizona, United States. Sahuarita is located south of the Tohono O'odham Nation and abuts the north end of Green Valley, 15 miles (24 km) south of Tucson. The population was 34,134 at th2020 census His ...
, to the same table. Most of the water users and utilities are now members of USCPUG. The organization has published an analysis and projection of area water use through 2030. It has joined with the U S Bureau of Reclamation to lay the groundwork for transportation and use of Colorado River water from the Central Arizona Project canal to greatly reduce reliance on pumping groundwater. If a system is successfully completed, the excess pumping will be largely or fully eliminated. The process through design and construction is expected to take several years with funding being the major challenge.


Attractions

In 2005 Green Valley was the host of the
SAE SAE or Sae may refer to: Science and technology : * Selective area epitaxy, local growth of epitaxial layer through a patterned dielectric mask deposited on a semiconductor substrate * Serious adverse event, in a clinical trial * Simultaneous Aut ...
Mini Baja 100 competition. Mini Baja vehicles are custom made by students. In this case there were about 60 teams from various universities, including some from Canada. ETS –
École de technologie supérieure École de technologie supérieure (ÉTS) is a public engineering faculty in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Founded in 1974, the École de technologie supérieure is a constituent of Université du Québec system. Specialized in applied teaching in ...
of the Université du Québec, from Montreal, Quebec, Canada, won the competition. Green Valley is home to the
Titan Missile Museum The Titan Missile Museum, also known as Air Force Facility Missile Site 8 or as Titan II ICBM Site 571-7, is a former ICBM (intercontinental ballistic missile) site located about south of Tucson, Arizona in the United States. It was constructed ...
America's largest nuclear weapons museum.


References


External links


Green Valley Sahuarita Chamber of Commerce and Visitor CenterUpper Santa Cruz Providers and Users Group
{{Authority Control Census-designated places in Pima County, Arizona Retirement communities Populated places in the Sonoran Desert