Graphic animation is a variation of
stop motion
Stop motion is an animated filmmaking technique in which objects are physically manipulated in small increments between individually photographed frames so that they will appear to exhibit independent motion or change when the series of frames i ...
(and possibly more conceptually associated with traditional flat
cel
A cel, short for celluloid, is a transparent sheet on which objects are drawn or painted for traditional, hand-drawn animation. Actual celluloid (consisting of cellulose nitrate and camphor) was used during the first half of the 20th century, bu ...
animation and paper drawing animation, but still technically qualifying as stop motion) consisting of the
animation
Animation is a method by which image, still figures are manipulated to appear as Motion picture, moving images. In traditional animation, images are drawn or painted by hand on transparent cel, celluloid sheets to be photographed and exhibited ...
of photographs (in whole or in parts) and other non-drawn flat visual graphic material, such as newspaper and magazine clippings.
Technique
In its simplest form, Graphic "animation" can take the form of the animation camera merely panning up and down and/or across individual photographs, one at a time, (filmed frame-by-frame, and hence, "animated") without changing the photographs from frame to frame. But once the photos (or "graphics") are also moved from frame to frame, more exciting montages of movement can be produced, such as on Los Angeles animator
Mike Jittlov
Mike Jittlov (born June 8, 1948) is an American animator and the creator of short films and one feature-length film using forms of special effects animation, including stop-motion animation, rotoscoping, and pixilation. He is best known for the 1 ...
's 1977 short film, ''Animato''. Graphic animation can be (and often is) combined with other forms of animation including
direct manipulation animation
One of the many forms of stop motion, but certainly blurring the distinction between stop motion and regular flat (drawing or "cel") animation.
Direct manipulation is a simplified variation of graphic animation which involves the frame-by-frame ...
, and traditional
cel animation
Traditional animation (or classical animation, cel animation, or hand-drawn animation) is an animation technique in which each frame is drawn by hand. The technique was the dominant form of animation in cinema until computer animation.
Proc ...
.
Notable films
Examples are
Frank Mouris
Francis Peter "Frank" Mouris (born September 6, 1944) is an American animator. He is best known for his film ''Frank Film'' (1973), for which he won an Academy Award for Best Animated Short Film.
Career
Other films he made alongside wife Carolin ...
' 1973 Oscar-winning short film ''Frank Film'', and
Charles Braverman
Charles "Chuck" Dell Braverman (born March 3, 1944, in Los Angeles, California) is an American film director, collage animator, documentary filmmaker and producer. He was nominated for an Academy Award for Documentary Short Subject for his 2 ...
's ''Condensed Cream of the Beatles'' (1974),
Animation & Cartoons-Nicolae Sfetcu-Google Books
/ref> originally produced for Geraldo Rivera's late night TV show at the time, ''Goodbye America''.
See also
*Collage film
Collage film is a style of film created by juxtaposing found footage from disparate sources. The term has also been applied to the physical collaging of materials onto film stock.
Surrealist roots
The surrealist movement played a critical role i ...
*Cutout animation
Cutout animation is a form of stop-motion animation using flat characters, props and backgrounds cut from materials such as paper, card, stiff fabric or photographs. The props would be cut out and used as puppets for stop motion. The world's e ...
*Motion graphics
Motion graphics (sometimes mograph) are pieces of animation or digital footage which create the illusion of motion or rotation, and are usually combined with audio for use in multimedia projects. Motion graphics are usually displayed via electr ...
References
{{DEFAULTSORT:Graphic Animation
Animation techniques
Experimental film
Collage