Giraffoidea is a superfamily that includes the families

Climacoceratidae Climacoceratidae is a family of superficially deer-like artiodactyl ungulates which lived in the Miocene epoch in Africa. They are close to the ancestry of giraffes, with some genera, such as '' Prolibytherium'', originally classified as giraffes ...

Antilocapridae The Antilocapridae are a family of artiodactyls endemic to North America. Their closest extant relatives are the giraffids with which they comprise the superfamily Giraffoidea. Only one species, the pronghorn (''Antilocapra americana''), is li ...

, and

Giraffidae The Giraffidae are a family of ruminant artiodactyl mammals that share a common ancestor with deer and bovids. This family, once a diverse group spread throughout Eurasia and Africa, presently comprises only two extant genera, the giraffe (one or ...

. The only extant members in the superfamily are the

pronghorn The pronghorn (, ) (''Antilocapra americana'') is a species of artiodactyl (even-toed, hoofed) mammal indigenous to interior western and central North America. Though not an antelope, it is known colloquially in North America as the American a ...

giraffe The giraffe is a large African hoofed mammal belonging to the genus ''Giraffa''. It is the tallest living terrestrial animal and the largest ruminant on Earth. Traditionally, giraffes were thought to be one species, ''Giraffa camelopardalis ...

, and

okapi The okapi (; ''Okapia johnstoni''), also known as the forest giraffe, Congolese giraffe, or zebra giraffe, is an artiodactyl mammal that is endemic to the northeast Democratic Republic of the Congo in central Africa. It is the only species ...

. The Climacoceratidae are also placed in the superfamily, but were originally placed within the family

Palaeomerycidae The Palaeomerycidae are an extinct family of ruminants in the order Artiodactyla. Palaeomerycids lived in North America, Europe, Africa and Asia from 33 to 4.9 million years ago (from the Late Eocene to Pliocene epochs), existing for about 28 mi ...

Classification

* Superfamily Giraffoidea ** Family †

*** †''

Climacoceras ''Climacoceras'' (from Greek for "ladder horns") is a genus of extinct artiodactyl ungulates that lived in Africa and Europe during the Miocene. The members of ''Climacoceras'' were related to giraffes, and the genus was formerly placed within ...

'' *** †'' Orangemeryx'' *** †''

Prolibytherium ''Prolibytherium'' is an extinct genus of prolibytheriid artiodactyl ungulate native to Middle Miocene North Africa and Pakistan, from around 16.9 to 15.97 million years ago. Fossils of ''Prolibytherium'' were found in the Marada Formation of ...

'' *** †'' Propalaeoryx'' *** †'' Nyanzameryx'' *** †'' Sperrgebietomeryx'' ** Family

*** ''

Antilocapra ''Antilocapra'' is a genus of the family Antilocapridae, which contains only a single living species, the pronghorn ''(Antilocapra americana)''. Another species, the Pacific pronghorn, lived in California during the Late Pleistocene and survive ...

'' *** †''

Capromeryx ''Capromeryx'' (dwarf pronghorn) was a genus of dwarf pronghorns ( Antilocapridae) that originated in North America during the Pliocene about 5 million years ago (the exact range of their presence on the landscape is still not known, but the most r ...

'' *** †'' Ceratomeryx'' *** †''

Cosoryx ''Cosoryx'' is an extinct genus of antilocaprid that lived in the Miocene of Nevada. Fossils of this genus have also been found in the Santa Fe Group in New Mexico. ''Cosoryx'' has sometimes been considered synonymous with ''Merycodus ' ...

'' *** †''

Hayoceros ''Hayoceros'' is an extinct genus of the artiodactyl family Antilocapridae, endemic to North America during the Pleistocene epoch (1.8 mya—300,000 years ago), existing for about 1.5 million years. Taxonomy ''Hayoceros'' was named by Skinner ...

'' *** †''

Hexameryx ''Hexameryx'' is an extinct monospecific genus of the artiodactyl family Antilocapridae endemic to North America. It lived during the Pliocene The Pliocene ( ; also Pleiocene) is the epoch in the geologic time scale that extends from 5.3 ...

'' *** †'' Hexobelomeryx'' *** †''

Ilingoceros ''Ilingoceros'' is an extinct genus of pronghorn artiodactyl from the Late Miocene of North America. At in body length, the animal would have been slightly bigger than the related modern pronghorn. It had straight, spiraled horns, which ende ...

'' *** †'' Meryceros'' *** †''

Merycodus ''Merycodus'' is an extinct genus of the artiodactyl family Antilocapridae. Fossils of this genus have been found in the Santa Fe Group of New Mexico ) , population_demonym = New Mexican ( es, Neomexicano, Neomejicano, Nuevo Mexicano) , s ...

'' *** †''

Osbornoceros ''Osbornoceros'' is an extinct artiodactyl genus of the family Antilocapridae.Frick 1937 All antilocaprid species are extinct except for the pronghorn. ''Osbornoceros osborni'' is the only known species of the genus ''Osbornoceros''. ''Osbornoc ...

'' *** †'' Ottoceros'' *** †''

Paracosoryx ''Paracosoryx'' is an extinct genus of antilocaprid that lived in North America during the Miocene The Miocene ( ) is the first epoch (geology), geological epoch of the Neogene Period and extends from about (Ma). The Miocene was named by Sco ...

'' *** †'' Plioceros'' *** †'' Proantilocapra'' *** †''

Ramoceros ''Ramoceros'' is an extinct genus of the artiodactyl family Antilocapridae endemic to Middle Miocene (Clarendonian) North America.Blount, Kitty and Crowley, Maggie. ''Encyclopedia of Dinosaurs & Prehistoric Life'', p. 271 (Penguin, 2008). Tax ...

'' *** †'' Sphenophalos'' *** †'' Stockoceros'' *** †'' Submeryceros'' *** †''

Tetrameryx ''Tetrameryx'' is an extinct genus of the North American artiodactyl family Antilocapridae, known from Mexico, the western United States, and Saskatchewan Saskatchewan ( ; ) is a province in western Canada, bordered on the west by Alberta, ...

'' *** †'' Texoceros'' ** Family

*** †'' Canthumeryx'' *** †'' Georgiomeryx'' *** †''

Shansitherium ''Shansitherium'' ("beast of Shanxi")Killgus, H., 1922. Die unterpliocaenen chinesischen Säugetierreste der Tafelschen Sammlung zu Tübingen (Doctoral dissertation) is an extinct genus of superficially moose-like or antelope-like giraffids ...

'' *** Subfamily Sivatheriinae **** †''

Bramatherium ''Bramatherium'' (Brahma’s beast) is an extinct genus of giraffids that ranged from India to Turkey in Asia. It is closely related to the larger ''Sivatherium''. Etymology The first part of the generic name, Brahma (Sanskrit masculine ', no ...

'' **** †'' Decennatherium'' **** †'' Helladotherium'' **** †''

Sivatherium ''Sivatherium'' ("Shiva's beast", from Shiva and ''therium'', Latinized form of Ancient Greek θηρίον -'' thēríon'') is an extinct genus of giraffids that ranged throughout Africa to the Indian subcontinent. The species ''Sivatherium giga ...

'' *** Subfamily Giraffinae **** Tribe Giraffini ***** †''

Bohlinia ''Bohlinia'' is an extinct genus of the artiodactyl family Giraffidae that lived during the Late Miocene in Europe and Africa Africa is the world's second-largest and second-most populous continent, after Asia in both cases. At about ...

'' ***** ''

Giraffa The giraffe is a large African hoofed mammal belonging to the genus ''Giraffa''. It is the tallest living terrestrial animal and the largest ruminant on Earth. Traditionally, giraffes were thought to be one species, ''Giraffa camelopardalis ...

'' ***** †''

Honanotherium ''Honanotherium'' is a genus of extinct giraffid from the late Miocene of Henan Province, China, and East Azerbaijan Province, northwestern Iran.Bohlin, B. 1927. Die Familie Giraffidae. Pal. Sinica, Ser. C, IV, Fasc. 1, various pages.Nikos Solo ...

'' ***** †''

Mitilanotherium ''Mitilanotherium'' is an extinct genus of giraffes from the Pliocene and Pleistocene of Europe. It was a medium-sized giraffid, resembling the modern okapi, with two long ossicone Ossicones are columnar or conical skin-covered bone struct ...

'' **** Tribe Palaeotragini ***** Subtribe Palaeotragina ****** †''

Giraffokeryx ''Giraffokeryx'' is an extinct genus of medium-sized giraffids known from the Miocene of the Indian subcontinent and Eurasia. It is distinguished from other giraffids by the four ossicones on its head; one pair in front of the eyes on the ant ...

'' ****** †''

Palaeotragus ''Palaeotragus'' ("ancient goat") is a genus of very large, primitive, okapi-like giraffids from the Miocene of Africa and Eurasia. ''Palaeotragus primaevus'' is the older species, being found in early to mid-Miocene strata, while ''P. germaini' ...

'' ****** †''

Samotherium ''Samotherium'' ("beast of Samos") is an extinct genus of Giraffidae from the Miocene and Pliocene of Eurasia and Africa. ''Samotherium'' had two ossicones on its head, and long legs. The ossicones usually pointed upward, and were curved backwar ...

'' ***** Subtribe Okapiina ****** ''

Okapia The okapi (; ''Okapia johnstoni''), also known as the forest giraffe, Congolese giraffe, or zebra giraffe, is an artiodactyl mammal that is endemic to the northeast Democratic Republic of the Congo in central Africa. It is the only species ...

References

*http://www.ultimateungulate.com/Cetartiodactyla/Antilocapridae.html {{Taxonbar, from=Q903239 Pecora