Gianni Vattimo
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Gianteresio Vattimo (born 4 January 1936) is an
Italian Italian(s) may refer to: * Anything of, from, or related to the people of Italy over the centuries ** Italians, an ethnic group or simply a citizen of the Italian Republic or Italian Kingdom ** Italian language, a Romance language *** Regional Ita ...
philosopher A philosopher is a person who practices or investigates philosophy. The term ''philosopher'' comes from the grc, φιλόσοφος, , translit=philosophos, meaning 'lover of wisdom'. The coining of the term has been attributed to the Greek th ...
and
politician A politician is a person active in party politics, or a person holding or seeking an elected office in government. Politicians propose, support, reject and create laws that govern the land and by an extension of its people. Broadly speaking, a ...
.


Biography

Gianteresio Vattimo was born in
Turin Turin ( , Piedmontese language, Piedmontese: ; it, Torino ) is a city and an important business and cultural centre in Northern Italy. It is the capital city of Piedmont and of the Metropolitan City of Turin, and was the first Italian capital ...
,
Piedmont it, Piemontese , population_note = , population_blank1_title = , population_blank1 = , demographics_type1 = , demographics1_footnotes = , demographics1_title1 = , demographics1_info1 = , demographics1_title2 ...
. He studied
philosophy Philosophy (from , ) is the systematized study of general and fundamental questions, such as those about existence, reason, knowledge, values, mind, and language. Such questions are often posed as problems to be studied or resolved. Some ...
under the
existentialist Existentialism ( ) is a form of philosophical inquiry that explores the problem of human existence and centers on human thinking, feeling, and acting. Existentialist thinkers frequently explore issues related to the meaning, purpose, and value ...
Luigi Pareyson Luigi Pareysón (4 February 1918 – 8 September 1991) was an Italian philosopher, best known for challenging the positivist and idealist aesthetics of Benedetto Croce in his 1954 monograph, ''Estetica. Teoria della formatività'' (Aestheti ...
at the
University of Turin The University of Turin (Italian: ''Università degli Studi di Torino'', UNITO) is a public research university in the city of Turin, in the Piedmont region of Italy. It is one of the oldest universities in Europe and continues to play an impo ...
, and graduated with a
laurea In Italy, the ''laurea'' is the main post-secondary academic degree. The name originally referred literally to the laurel wreath, since ancient times a sign of honor and now worn by Italian students right after their official graduation ceremony ...
in 1959. In 1963 he moved to
Heidelberg Heidelberg (; Palatine German language, Palatine German: ''Heidlberg'') is a city in the States of Germany, German state of Baden-Württemberg, situated on the river Neckar in south-west Germany. As of the 2016 census, its population was 159,914 ...
and studied with
Karl Löwith Karl Löwith (9 January 1897 – 26 May 1973) was a German philosopher in the phenomenological tradition. A student of Husserl and Heidegger, he was one of the most prolific German philosophers of the twentieth century. He is known for his two ...
, Habermas and
Hans-Georg Gadamer Hans-Georg Gadamer (; ; February 11, 1900 – March 13, 2002) was a German philosopher of the continental tradition, best known for his 1960 ''magnum opus'', '' Truth and Method'' (''Wahrheit und Methode''), on hermeneutics. Life Family an ...
with a scholarship of the
Alexander von Humboldt Foundation The Alexander von Humboldt Foundation (german: Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung) is a foundation established by the government of the Federal Republic of Germany and funded by the Federal Foreign Office, the Federal Ministry of Education and Resear ...
. Then, Vattimo returned to Turin where he became assistant professor in 1964, and later full professor of
Aesthetics Aesthetics, or esthetics, is a branch of philosophy that deals with the nature of beauty and taste, as well as the philosophy of art (its own area of philosophy that comes out of aesthetics). It examines aesthetic values, often expressed thr ...
in 1969. While remaining at Turin, becoming Professor of Theoretical Philosophy in 1982, he has been a visiting professor at a number of American Universities. For his works, he received
honorary degrees An honorary degree is an academic degree for which a university (or other degree-awarding institution) has waived all of the usual requirements. It is also known by the Latin phrases ''honoris causa'' ("for the sake of the honour") or ''ad hono ...
from the universities of
La Plata La Plata () is the capital city of Buenos Aires Province, Argentina. According to the , it has a population of 654,324 and its metropolitan area, the Greater La Plata, has 787,294 inhabitants. It is located 9 kilometers (6 miles) inland from th ...
,
Palermo Palermo ( , ; scn, Palermu , locally also or ) is a city in southern Italy, the capital (political), capital of both the autonomous area, autonomous region of Sicily and the Metropolitan City of Palermo, the city's surrounding metropolitan ...
,
Madrid Madrid ( , ) is the capital and most populous city of Spain. The city has almost 3.4 million inhabitants and a metropolitan area population of approximately 6.7 million. It is the second-largest city in the European Union (EU), and ...
,
Havana Havana (; Spanish: ''La Habana'' ) is the capital and largest city of Cuba. The heart of the La Habana Province, Havana is the country's main port and commercial center.
, San Marcos of Lima. Vattimo says he was exempted from military service.Well-known Italian philosopher:'I’d like to shoot those bastard Zionists'
/ref> After being active in the Radical Party, the short-lived ''Alleanza per Torino'', and the
Democrats of the Left The Democrats of the Left ( it, Democratici di Sinistra, DS) was a social-democratic political party in Italy. The DS, successor of the Democratic Party of the Left (PDS) and the Italian Communist Party, was formed in 1998 upon the merger of th ...
, Vattimo joined the
Party of Italian Communists The Party of Italian Communists ( it, Partito dei Comunisti Italiani, PdCI) was a communist party in Italy established in October 1998 by splinters from the Communist Refoundation Party (PRC). The split was led by Armando Cossutta, founder and e ...
. He was elected a
member of the European Parliament A Member of the European Parliament (MEP) is a person who has been elected to serve as a popular representative in the European Parliament. When the European Parliament (then known as the Common Assembly of the ECSC) first met in 1952, its ...
first in 1999 and for a second mandate in 2009. He is
openly gay Coming out of the closet, often shortened to coming out, is a metaphor used to describe LGBT people's self-disclosure of their sexual orientation, romantic orientation, or gender identity. Framed and debated as a privacy issue, coming out of ...
and a
nihilist Nihilism (; ) is a philosophy, or family of views within philosophy, that rejects generally accepted or fundamental aspects of human existence, such as objective truth, knowledge, morality, values, or meaning. The term was popularized by Ivan ...
who has embraced
Friedrich Nietzsche Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche (; or ; 15 October 1844 – 25 August 1900) was a German philosopher, prose poet, cultural critic, philologist, and composer whose work has exerted a profound influence on contemporary philosophy. He began his ...
's idea of God's death.


Philosophy

Vattimo's philosophy can be characterized as
postmodern Postmodernism is an intellectual stance or mode of discourseNuyen, A.T., 1992. The Role of Rhetorical Devices in Postmodernist Discourse. Philosophy & Rhetoric, pp.183–194. characterized by skepticism toward the " grand narratives" of moderni ...
with his emphasis on "pensiero debole" (weak thought). This requires that the foundational certainties of
modernity Modernity, a topic in the humanities and social sciences, is both a historical period (the modern era) and the ensemble of particular socio-cultural norm (social), norms, attitudes and practices that arose in the wake of the Renaissancein the " ...
with its emphasis on
objective truth In philosophy, objectivity is the concept of truth independent from individual subjectivity (bias caused by one's perception, emotions, or imagination). A proposition is considered to have objective truth when its truth conditions are met withou ...
founded in a
rational Rationality is the quality of being guided by or based on reasons. In this regard, a person acts rationally if they have a good reason for what they do or a belief is rational if it is based on strong evidence. This quality can apply to an abili ...
unitary subject be relinquished for a more multi-faceted conception closer to that of
the arts The arts are a very wide range of human practices of creative expression, storytelling and cultural participation. They encompass multiple diverse and plural modes of thinking, doing and being, in an extremely broad range of media. Both ...
. He draws on the philosophy of
Martin Heidegger Martin Heidegger (; ; 26 September 188926 May 1976) was a German philosopher who is best known for contributions to phenomenology, hermeneutics, and existentialism. He is among the most important and influential philosophers of the 20th centur ...
with his critique of foundations and the
hermeneutic Hermeneutics () is the theory and methodology of interpretation, especially the interpretation of biblical texts, wisdom literature, and philosophical texts. Hermeneutics is more than interpretative principles or methods used when immediate c ...
philosophy of his teacher
Hans-Georg Gadamer Hans-Georg Gadamer (; ; February 11, 1900 – March 13, 2002) was a German philosopher of the continental tradition, best known for his 1960 ''magnum opus'', '' Truth and Method'' (''Wahrheit und Methode''), on hermeneutics. Life Family an ...
. Perhaps his greatest influence though is the thought of
Friedrich Nietzsche Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche (; or ; 15 October 1844 – 25 August 1900) was a German philosopher, prose poet, cultural critic, philologist, and composer whose work has exerted a profound influence on contemporary philosophy. He began his ...
, whose "discovery of the 'lie', the discovery that alleged '
values In ethics and social sciences, value denotes the degree of importance of something or action, with the aim of determining which actions are best to do or what way is best to live (normative ethics in ethics), or to describe the significance of dif ...
' and
metaphysical Metaphysics is the branch of philosophy that studies the fundamental nature of reality, the first principles of being, identity and change, space and time, causality, necessity, and possibility. It includes questions about the nature of conscio ...
structures are just a play of forces" (1993:93), plays an important role in Vattimo's notion of "weak thought". Vattimo rejects any notion of a transcendental structure of
reason Reason is the capacity of consciously applying logic by drawing conclusions from new or existing information, with the aim of seeking the truth. It is closely associated with such characteristically human activities as philosophy, science, ...
or
reality Reality is the sum or aggregate of all that is real or existent within a system, as opposed to that which is only imaginary. The term is also used to refer to the ontological status of things, indicating their existence. In physical terms, r ...
that would be given once and for all. This does not imply the loss of
truth Truth is the property of being in accord with fact or reality.Merriam-Webster's Online Dictionarytruth 2005 In everyday language, truth is typically ascribed to things that aim to represent reality or otherwise correspond to it, such as beliefs ...
, but a Heideggerean reinterpretation of truth as the opening of horizons. Such truth is deeper than
proposition In logic and linguistics, a proposition is the meaning of a declarative sentence. In philosophy, " meaning" is understood to be a non-linguistic entity which is shared by all sentences with the same meaning. Equivalently, a proposition is the no ...
s which are made possible by such openings. Philosophies then are always responses to
contingent Contingency or Contingent may refer to: * Contingency (philosophy), in philosophy and logic * Contingency plan, in planning * Contingency table, in statistics * Contingency theory, in organizational theory * Contingency theory (biology) in evoluti ...
questions, they are '
ontologies In computer science and information science, an ontology encompasses a representation, formal naming, and definition of the categories, properties, and relations between the concepts, data, and entities that substantiate one, many, or all domains ...
of
actuality In philosophy, potentiality and actuality are a pair of closely connected principles which Aristotle used to analyze motion, causality, ethics, and physiology in his ''Physics'', ''Metaphysics'', '' Nicomachean Ethics'', and ''De Anima''. Th ...
,' a thesis that can be confirmed by the historico-cultural links of particular philosophies. For
hermeneutics Hermeneutics () is the theory and methodology of interpretation, especially the interpretation of biblical texts, wisdom literature, and philosophical texts. Hermeneutics is more than interpretative principles or methods used when immediate c ...
to be consistent with its own rejection of metaphysics, it must present itself, argues Vattimo "as the most persuasive philosophical interpretation of a situation or '
epoch In chronology and periodization, an epoch or reference epoch is an instant in time chosen as the origin of a particular calendar era. The "epoch" serves as a reference point from which time is measured. The moment of epoch is usually decided by ...
'" (1997:10). To do this, Vattimo proposes a reading of hermeneutics as having a "nihilistic" vocation. To Vattimo, hermeneutics has become boring and vague, lacking any clear significance for philosophical problems. His answer is to insist on the nihilistic consequences of hermeneutics. The claim that "there are no facts only interpretations and this too is an interpretation" amounts to saying that hermeneutics cannot be seen as the most accurate/true description of the permanent structures of reality of
human existence The human condition can be defined as the characteristics and key events of human life, including birth, learning, emotion, aspiration, morality, conflict, and death. This is a very broad topic that has been and continues to be pondered and ana ...
. Hermeneutics is not a metaphysical theory in this sense and so can only be "proved" by being presented as the response to a history of being, a history of the fabling of the world, of the weakening of structures, that is as the occurrence of nihilism. This nihilistic reading of history involves a certain attitude towards
modernity Modernity, a topic in the humanities and social sciences, is both a historical period (the modern era) and the ensemble of particular socio-cultural norm (social), norms, attitudes and practices that arose in the wake of the Renaissancein the " ...
, whereby modernity is dissolved from within through a twisting, distorting radicalisation of its premises. Vattimo uses Heidegger's term ''Verwindung'' to capture this post-modern recovery from modernity. History as a process of weakening (secularisation and disenchantment are other terms Vattimo uses) "assumes the form of a decision for non-violence" (1992:95). An
ethics Ethics or moral philosophy is a branch of philosophy that "involves systematizing, defending, and recommending concepts of right and wrong behavior".''Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy'' The field of ethics, along with aesthetics, concerns m ...
of communication along the lines suggested by
Jürgen Habermas Jürgen Habermas (, ; ; born 18 June 1929) is a German social theorist in the tradition of critical theory and pragmatism. His work addresses communicative rationality and the public sphere. Associated with the Frankfurt School, Habermas's wor ...
suffers, according to Vattimo, from finding itself in a substantially ahistorical position, while oscillating between
formalism Formalism may refer to: * Form (disambiguation) * Formal (disambiguation) * Legal formalism, legal positivist view that the substantive justice of a law is a question for the legislature rather than the judiciary * Formalism (linguistics) * Scient ...
and cultural
relativism Relativism is a family of philosophical views which deny claims to objectivity within a particular domain and assert that valuations in that domain are relative to the perspective of an observer or the context in which they are assessed. Ther ...
(1992:117). For Vattimo it is only when hermeneutics accepts its nihilistic destiny that "it can find in 'negativity,' in dissolution as the 'destiny of
Being In metaphysics, ontology is the philosophical study of being, as well as related concepts such as existence, becoming, and reality. Ontology addresses questions like how entities are grouped into categories and which of these entities exis ...
' ... the orientating principle that enables it to realize its own original inclination for ethics whilst neither restoring metaphysics nor surrendering to the futility of a relativistic philosophy of culture" (1992:119). In 2004, after leaving the party of the Democrats of the Left, he endorsed
Marxism Marxism is a Left-wing politics, left-wing to Far-left politics, far-left method of socioeconomic analysis that uses a Materialism, materialist interpretation of historical development, better known as historical materialism, to understand S ...
, reassessing positively its projectual principles and wishing for a "return" to the thought of the
Trier Trier ( , ; lb, Tréier ), formerly known in English as Trèves ( ;) and Triers (see also names in other languages), is a city on the banks of the Moselle in Germany. It lies in a valley between low vine-covered hills of red sandstone in the ...
philosopher and to a
communism Communism (from Latin la, communis, lit=common, universal, label=none) is a far-left sociopolitical, philosophical, and economic ideology and current within the socialist movement whose goal is the establishment of a communist society, a s ...
, rid of distorted Soviet developments, which have to be
dialectic Dialectic ( grc-gre, διαλεκτική, ''dialektikḗ''; related to dialogue; german: Dialektik), also known as the dialectical method, is a discourse between two or more people holding different points of view about a subject but wishing ...
ally overcome. Vattimo asserts the continuity of his new choices with the "weak thought," thus having changed "many of his ideas." He namely refers to a "weakened Marx," as ideological basis capable of showing the real nature of communism. The new Marxist approach, therefore, emerges as a practical development of the "weak thought" into the frame of a political perspective. His next political book, co-authored with Santiago Zabala, is ''Hermeneutic Communism: From Heidegger to Marx'' (2011). The authors explain the book
Hermeneutic Communism ''Hermeneutic Communism: from Heidegger to Marx'' is a 2011 book of political philosophy and Marxist hermeneutics by Gianni Vattimo and Santiago Zabala. Contents and arguments The authors explain the book as follows "Although the material publis ...
as follows: "Although the material published here has never been released before, there are two books that have determined the production of this text: Gianni's ''Ecce Comu: Come si diventa cio che si era'' (2007) and Santiago's ''The Remains of Being: Hermeneutic Ontology After Metaphysics'' (2009). In the former, Vattimo emphasized the political necessity of reevaluating
communism Communism (from Latin la, communis, lit=common, universal, label=none) is a far-left sociopolitical, philosophical, and economic ideology and current within the socialist movement whose goal is the establishment of a communist society, a s ...
; in the latter, Zabala insisted on the progressive nature of
hermeneutics Hermeneutics () is the theory and methodology of interpretation, especially the interpretation of biblical texts, wisdom literature, and philosophical texts. Hermeneutics is more than interpretative principles or methods used when immediate c ...
. ''Hermeneutic Communism'' can be considered a radical development of both."


Views and opinions


Support for Hamas

Vattimo added his name to a petition released on February 28, 2009, calling on the
European Union The European Union (EU) is a supranational political and economic union of member states that are located primarily in Europe. The union has a total area of and an estimated total population of about 447million. The EU has often been des ...
to remove
Hamas Hamas (, ; , ; an acronym of , "Islamic Resistance Movement") is a Palestinian Sunni-Islamic fundamentalist, militant, and nationalist organization. It has a social service wing, Dawah, and a military wing, the Izz ad-Din al-Qassam Bri ...
from its list of terrorist organizations and grant it full recognition as a legitimate voice of the
Palestinian people Palestinians ( ar, الفلسطينيون, ; he, פָלַסְטִינִים, ) or Palestinian people ( ar, الشعب الفلسطيني, label=none, ), also referred to as Palestinian Arabs ( ar, الفلسطينيين العرب, label=non ...
. On July 22, 2014, in response to the
IDF IDF or idf may refer to: Defence forces * Irish Defence Forces * Israel Defense Forces *Iceland Defense Force, of the US Armed Forces, 1951-2006 * Indian Defence Force, a part-time force, 1917 Organizations * Israeli Diving Federation * Interac ...
military operation in Gaza against Hamas attacks on Israel, Vattimo said he would personally like to "shoot those bastard Zionists" and thinks Europeans should raise money "to buy Hamas some more rockets." He expressed his willingness to go to Gaza and fight side by side with
Hamas Hamas (, ; , ; an acronym of , "Islamic Resistance Movement") is a Palestinian Sunni-Islamic fundamentalist, militant, and nationalist organization. It has a social service wing, Dawah, and a military wing, the Izz ad-Din al-Qassam Bri ...
and asserted, when asked if he would shoot at Israelis, that: 'By nature I'm non-violent, but I'd shoot at those (of them) who bomb hospitals, private clinics and children.' Vattimo added that for him these were 'pure Nazis', the state itself a Nazi state (uno stato nazista) perhaps somewhat worse even than Hitler because in Israel's case, they have the support of the great Western democracies.


Accusations of anti-Semitism

Vattimo has been accused of
anti-Semitism Antisemitism (also spelled anti-semitism or anti-Semitism) is hostility to, prejudice towards, or discrimination against Jews. A person who holds such positions is called an antisemite. Antisemitism is considered to be a form of racism. Antis ...
due to his
anti-Zionism Anti-Zionism is opposition to Zionism. Although anti-Zionism is a heterogeneous phenomenon, all its proponents agree that the creation of the modern State of Israel, and the movement to create a sovereign Jewish state in the region of Palestin ...
. Renzo Gattegna, the president of the
Union of Italian Jewish Communities The Union of Italian Jewish Communities (Italian: ''Unione delle comunità ebraiche italiane'', UCEI) is a national association that represents over twenty Jewish community associations in Italy. It was founded in 1911 as the ''Comitato delle un ...
, accused him of anti-Semitism, writing "words of hatred that don't add anything new and are accompanied by the squalid reproposal of anti-Semitic stereotypes". Rabbi Barbara Aiello, Italy's first female rabbi, also accused Vattimo of anti-Semitism. Reacting to his "Zionist bastards" statements and to others like it, the foreign ministers for Italy, France and Germany said that they condemn such language as well as violence that has occurred at pro-Palestinian demonstrations in Europe. Pronounced in a moment of indignation against the prolonged bombing of Gaza by the Israeli army, Vattimo apologized to an Israeli newspaper (''Haaretz''). "In a telephone interview .. Gianni Vattimo said he “regrets” such words and “feels ashamed” by them", claiming he was "provoked" by the hosts of the show on which he made his comments.
sur "".


Selected works

* (1991) ''The End of Modernity: Nihilism and Hermeneutics in Post-modern Culture'', translated by John R. Snyder, Polity Press, 1991. Translation of ''La fine della modernità'', Garzanti, Milan, 1985 * (1992) ''The Transparent Society'', translated by David Webb, Johns Hopkins University Press, 1994. Translation of ''La società trasparente'', Garzanti, Milan, 1989 * (1993) ''The Adventure of Difference: Philosophy after Nietzsche and Heidegger'', translated by Thomas Harrison and Cyprian P. Blamires, Johns Hopkins University Press, 1993. Translation of ''Le avventure della differenza'', Garzanti, Milan, 1980 * (1997) ''Beyond Interpretation: The Meaning of Hermeneutics for Philosophy'', translated by David Webb, Stanford University Press, 1997. Translation of ''Oltre l'interpretazione'', Laterza, Rome-Bari, 1994 * (1998) ''Religion'' by Jacques Derrida, edited by Gianni Vattimo, translated by David Webb, Stanford University Press, 1998 * (1999) ''Belief'' by Gianni Vattimo, et al., Polity Press, 1999. Translation of ''Credere di credere'', Garzanti, Milan, 1996 * (2002a) ''Nietzsche: Philosophy as Cultural Criticism'', translated by Nicholas Martin Stanford University Press, 2002. Translation of ''Introduzione a Nietzsche'', Laterza, Rome-Bari,1985 * (2002b) ''After Christianity'', New York: Columbia University Press, 2002. * (2004) ''Nihilism and Emancipation: Ethics, Politics and Law'', edited by Santiago Zabala, Columbia University Press, 2004 * (2005) ''The Future of Religion'', Richard Rorty and Gianni Vattimo, edited by Santiago Zabala, Columbia University Press, 2005 * (2006) ''After the Death of God'', John D. Caputo and Gianni Vattimo, edited by Jeffrey W. Robbins, Columbia University Press. * (2008) ''Dialogue with Nietzsche'', Gianni Vattimo, Columbia University Press. * (2008) ''Art's Claim to Truth'', Gianni Vattimo, edited by Santiago Zabala, Columbia University Press. * (2009) ''Christianity, Truth, and Weak Faith'', Gianni Vattimo and René Girard, edited by P. Antonello, Columbia University Press. * (2010) ''The Responsibility of the Philosopher'', Gianni Vattimo, edited by Franca D'Agostini, Columbia University Press. * (2011) ''
Hermeneutic Communism ''Hermeneutic Communism: from Heidegger to Marx'' is a 2011 book of political philosophy and Marxist hermeneutics by Gianni Vattimo and Santiago Zabala. Contents and arguments The authors explain the book as follows "Although the material publis ...
'', Gianni Vattimo and Santiago Zabala, Columbia University Press. * (2012) ''Weak Thought'', translated by Peter Carravetta, SUNY series in Contemporary Italian Philosophy, 2012. Translation of ''Il pensiero debole'', Feltrinelli, Milano, 1983 * (2014) ''Deconstructing Zionism: A Critique of Political Metaphysics'', edited by Gianni Vattimo and
Michael Marder Michael Marder is Ikerbasque Research Professor of Philosophy at the University of the Basque Country, Vitoria-Gasteiz. He works in the phenomenological tradition of Continental philosophy, environmental thought, and political philosophy. Educati ...
, Bloomsbury.


See also

* Anti-Zionism#View that the two are interlinked *
Deconstruction The term deconstruction refers to approaches to understanding the relationship between text and meaning. It was introduced by the philosopher Jacques Derrida, who defined it as a turn away from Platonism's ideas of "true" forms and essences w ...
*
Post-Marxism Post-Marxism is a trend in political philosophy and social theory which deconstructs Karl Marx's writings and Marxism itself, bypassing orthodox Marxism. The term "post-Marxism" first appeared in Ernesto Laclau and Chantal Mouffe's theoretica ...
*
Postmodern Christianity Postmodern theology, also known as the continental philosophy of religion, is a philosophical and theological movement that interprets theology in light of post-Heideggerian continental philosophy, including phenomenology, post-structuralism, an ...
*
Nihilism Nihilism (; ) is a philosophy, or family of views within philosophy, that rejects generally accepted or fundamental aspects of human existence, such as objective truth, knowledge, morality, values, or meaning. The term was popularized by Ivan ...


References


Further reading

* Marta Frascati-Lochhead. ''Kenosis and Feminist Theology. The Challenge of Gianni Vattimo'' (SUNY, 1998) * Rossano Pecoraro, ''Niilismo e Pós (Modernidade). Introdução ao pensamento fraco de Gianni Vattimo'', Rio de Janeiro-São Paulo, PUC-Loyola ED. 2005. * Martin G. Weiss, ''Gianni Vattimo. Einführung. Mit einem Interview mit Gianni Vattimo'', Passagen Verlag, 2. Auflage: Wien 2006. . * Giovanni Giorgio, ''Il pensiero di Gianni Vattimo. L'emancipazione dalla metafisica tra dialettica ed ermeneutica'', Franco Angeli, Milano, 2006 * Davide Monaco, ''Gianni Vattimo. Ontologia ermeneutica, cristianesimo e postmodernità'', Ets, Pisa 2006 * ''Weakening Philosophy. Essays in Honour of Gianni Vattimo'', Edited by Santiago Zabala (with contributions from U. Eco, C. Taylor, R. Rorty, J-L. Nancy, F. Savater and many others), Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press, 2007. * Enrico Redaelli, ''Il nodo dei nodi. L'esercizio del pensiero in Vattimo, Vitiello, Sini'', Ets, Pisa 2008. * Wolfgang Sützl, ''Emancipación o Violencia. Pacifismo estético en Gianni Vattimo.'' Barcelona: Icaria 2007. * Ashley Woodward, Review of ''Weakening Philosophy. Essays in Honour of Gianni Vattimo'', Edited by Santiago Zabala", in "Colloquy" Issue 15 June 2008. *
Mario Kopić Mario Kopić (born 13 March 1965) is a philosopher, author and translator. His main areas of interest include: the history of ideas, the philosophy of art, the philosophy of culture, phenomenology and the philosophy of religion. Kopić is infl ...
, ''Gianni Vattimo Čitanka (Gianni Vattimo Reader)'', Zagreb, Antibarbarus, 2008. * ''Between Nihilism and Politics. The Hermeneutics of Gianni Vattimo.'' Edited by Silvia Benso and Brian Schroeder. New York: Suny 2010. * Matthew Edward Harris, ''Essays on Gianni Vattimo: Religion, Ethics and the History of Ideas''. Newcastle-Upon-Tyne: Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2016. * Tommaso Franci, ''Vattimo o del nichilismo'', Roma, Armando, 2011. * Ricardo Milla, Vattimo y la hermenéutica política, en Isegoria (Madrid), 2011, julio, No 44, pp. 339–343 * Lozano Pino, Jesús, "El amor es el límite. Reflexiones sobre el cristianismo hermenéutico de G. Vattimo y sus consecuencias teológico-políticas", Madrid, Dykinson, 2015. ISBN electrónico: 978-84-9085-282-8 * Brais González Arribas, ''Reduciendo la violencia. La hermenéutica nihilista de Gianni Vattimo''. Madrid, Dykinson, 2016. * Emilio Carlo Corriero, "Nietzsche's Death of God and Italian Philosophy". Preface by Gianni Vattimo, Rowman & Littlefield, London - New York, 2016 * Lozano Pino, Jesús, "El último Vattimo: Lección inaugural curso 2019-2020 de los Centros Teológicos de Málaga, Diócesis de Málaga, D.L. 2019. Depósito Legal:MA 1158-2019, .


External links

*
"Mellow Nihilism": A Review of Gianni Vattimo's Nihilism and EmancipationInterview with Gianni Vattimo: “Democracy is not possible with absolute truths about co-existence”
Barcelona Metropolis Barcelona ( , , ) is a city on the coast of northeastern Spain. It is the capital and largest city of the autonomous community of Catalonia, as well as the second most populous municipality of Spain. With a population of 1.6 million within ci ...
, 2011.
Interview with Gianni Vattimo: "Only Weak Communism Can Save Us"
MRZine, 2013
Europe's Times and Unknown Waters, Cluj-Napoca, Marga, Andrei (April 2009). "The Chaotic Society (Gianni Vattimo, The Transparent Society"
{{DEFAULTSORT:Vattimo, Gianni 1936 births 20th-century essayists 20th-century Italian male writers 20th-century Italian non-fiction writers 20th-century Italian philosophers 21st-century essayists 21st-century Italian male writers 21st-century Italian non-fiction writers 21st-century Italian philosophers Continental philosophers Critics of Christianity Critics of religions Critics of the Catholic Church Cultural critics Death of God theologians Democrats of the Left politicians Epistemologists Gay politicians Gay writers Heidegger scholars Hermeneutists Italian essayists Italian ethicists Italian male non-fiction writers Italian philosophers Italy of Values MEPs LGBT MEPs for Italy LGBT philosophers LGBT rights activists from Italy Living people Marxist theorists Members of the European Academy of Sciences and Arts MEPs for Italy 1999–2004 MEPs for Italy 2009–2014 Metaphysicians Moral philosophers Nietzsche scholars Ontologists Party of Italian Communists politicians Politicians from Turin Phenomenologists Philosophers of art Philosophers of culture Philosophers of education Philosophers of ethics and morality Philosophers of history Philosophers of mind Philosophers of nihilism Philosophers of religion Philosophers of social science Philosophers of war Philosophy academics Philosophy writers Political philosophers Postmodern writers Italian social commentators Social critics Social philosophers Theorists on Western civilization University of Turin alumni University of Turin faculty Writers about activism and social change Writers about communism Writers about globalization Writers about religion and science