Gerard Horenbout (c. 1465–c. 1541) was a

Flemish Flemish (''Vlaams'') is a Low Franconian dialect cluster of the Dutch language. It is sometimes referred to as Flemish Dutch (), Belgian Dutch ( ), or Southern Dutch (). Flemish is native to Flanders, a historical region in northern Belgium; ...

miniaturist, a late example of the miniature tradition in

Early Netherlandish painting Early Netherlandish painting, traditionally known as the Flemish Primitives, refers to the work of artists active in the Burgundian and Habsburg Netherlands during the 15th- and 16th-century Northern Renaissance period. It flourished especiall ...

. He is "likely and widely accepted" to be the

Master of James IV of Scotland __NOTOC__ The Master of James IV of Scotland (''fl.'' ca. 1485 – ca. 1526) was a Flemish manuscript illuminator and painter most likely based in Ghent, or perhaps Bruges. Circumstantial evidence, including several larger panel paintings, ...

Biography

Horenbout lived and worked in Ghent and is best known as a manuscript illustrator. He also made stained glass, tapestries, embroidery designs, ironworks and panel painting. First mentioned in 1487, when he joined the painters

Guild of Saint Luke The Guild of Saint Luke was the most common name for a city guild for painters and other artists in early modern Europe, especially in the Low Countries. They were named in honor of the Evangelist Luke, the patron saint of artists, who was ident ...

.Susan E. James. ''The Feminine Dynamic in English Art, 1485-1603: Women As Consumers, Patrons and Painters''. Ashgate Publishing Company; 2009. . p. 242. He was married to Margaret Svanders soon after joining the guild. They had six children, two of whom were the artists

Lucas Horenbout Lucas Horenbout, often called Hornebolte in England ( 1490/1495–1544), was a Flemish artist who moved to England in the mid-1520s and worked there as "King's Painter" and court miniaturist to King Henry VIII from 1525 until his death. He ...

and Susanna Hornebolt. There were also sons Eloy and Joris. Lucas, Susanna and at least one more of his sons were trained by Horenbout to be painters. He had at least two apprentices, one in 1498, and one in 1502. In 1515, he was made painter to

Archduchess Margaret of Austria Archduchess Margaret of Austria (german: Margarete; french: Marguerite; nl, Margaretha; es, Margarita; 10 January 1480 – 1 December 1530) was Governor of the Habsburg Netherlands from 1507 to 1515 and again from 1519 to 1530. She was the firs ...

, and also briefly worked at the court of

Henry VIII Henry VIII (28 June 149128 January 1547) was King of England from 22 April 1509 until his death in 1547. Henry is best known for his six marriages, and for his efforts to have his first marriage (to Catherine of Aragon) annulled. His disagr ...

in England. He was visited by

Albrecht Dürer Albrecht Dürer (; ; hu, Ajtósi Adalbert; 21 May 1471 – 6 April 1528),Müller, Peter O. (1993) ''Substantiv-Derivation in Den Schriften Albrecht Dürers'', Walter de Gruyter. . sometimes spelled in English as Durer (without an umlaut) or Due ...

in 1521, when Dürer bought an illustrated manuscript made by his daughter Susanna Horenbout. His son

was also a well-known painter. His wife, Margaret Svanders, or van Saunders, died in 1529Kathy Lynn Emerson
''Wives and Daughters: The Women of Sixteenth Century England''
Troy, NY: Whitston, 1984. p. 113.James Thorne.
Handbook to the Environs of London: Alphabetically Arranged, Containing an Account of Every Town and Village, and of All Places of Interest, Within a Circle of Twenty Miles Round London
'. John Murray; 1876. p. 220. and he made the brass plaque found at All Saints' Church in Fulham, London. He died about 1540 or 1541.

Works

*Miniatures in the Breviary of Eleanor of Portugal, ca. 1500 *Miniatures in the Hours of James IV of Scotland, between 1502 and 1503 *16 miniatures in the

Sforza Hours The Sforza Hours (British Library, London, Add. MS 34294), is a richly illuminated book of hours initiated by Bona Sforza, widow of Galeazzo Sforza, Duke of Milan, around 1490, who commissioned the illuminator . The book remained in an unfinished ...

for

, between 1517 and 1520 (now in the

British Library The British Library is the national library of the United Kingdom and is one of the largest libraries in the world. It is estimated to contain between 170 and 200 million items from many countries. As a legal deposit library, the British ...

) *Miniatures in the

Grimani Breviary The House of Grimani was a prominent Venetian patrician family, including three Doges of Venice. They were active in trade, politics and later the ownership of theatres and opera-houses. Notable members included: Notable members *Domenico Grim ...

, before 1520 *Portraits of Lieven Van Pottelsberghe and Livina Van Steelant, c. 1525, in the

Museum of Fine Arts, Ghent The Museum of Fine Arts ( nl, Museum voor Schone Kunsten, MSK) an art museum in Ghent, Belgium, is situated at the East side of the Citadelpark (near the Stedelijk Museum voor Actuele Kunst). The museum's collection consists of some 9000 artwor ...

Notes

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Horenbout, Gerard 1465 births 1541 deaths Flemish Renaissance painters Manuscript illuminators Painters from Ghent