The former Colombo General Post Office (abbreviated: GPO), at 17 Janadhipathi Mawatha,
Colombo Fort
Fort (Colombo) (; ) is the central business district of Colombo in Sri Lanka. It is the financial district of Colombo and the location of the Colombo Stock Exchange (CSE) and the World Trade Centre of Colombo from which the CSE operates. It is ...
, was the headquarters of the
Sri Lanka Post and the office of the
Postmaster General
A Postmaster General, in Anglosphere countries, is the chief executive officer of the postal service of that country, a ministerial office responsible for overseeing all other postmasters. The practice of having a government official responsib ...
for over one hundred years, from 1895 until 2000.
History
The first permanent
post office
A post office is a public facility and a retailer that provides mail services, such as accepting letters and parcels, providing post office boxes, and selling postage stamps, packaging, and stationery. Post offices may offer additional ser ...
in the country was established by the
British
British may refer to:
Peoples, culture, and language
* British people, nationals or natives of the United Kingdom, British Overseas Territories, and Crown Dependencies.
** Britishness, the British identity and common culture
* British English, ...
in Colombo in 1882, when the country was a
crown colony. It was housed in several different locations until the construction of the General Post Office building at 17 Kings Street (now known as Janadhipathi Mawatha),
Colombo Fort
Fort (Colombo) (; ) is the central business district of Colombo in Sri Lanka. It is the financial district of Colombo and the location of the Colombo Stock Exchange (CSE) and the World Trade Centre of Colombo from which the CSE operates. It is ...
, opposite the-then
Governor
A governor is an administrative leader and head of a polity or political region, ranking under the head of state and in some cases, such as governors-general, as the head of state's official representative. Depending on the type of political ...
's residence at King's House (now the
President's House) in 1895. The site, bounded by Kings Street, Prince Street (now Srimath Baron Jayathilake), Baille Street (now Mudalige Mawatha), was a former rock quarry. The building was designed by Herbert Frederick Tomalin of the Public Works Department
and built by Arasi Marikar Wapchi Marikar.
Tomalin (1852-1944) was an English engineer/architect, who migrated to Ceylon in June 1886 to take up a position in the Ceylon Civil Service. His first position was as a District Engineer however as a result of his involvement in a number of government buildings in Colombo and his architectural qualifications he was entrusted with the job of designing and supervising the construction of the GPO. In 1922 he returned to England. Marikar (1829-1925), a local
mason/builder and the paternal grandfather of Sir
Razik Fareed Raziq or Razik may refer to:
People with the given name
*Raziq Faani (1947–2007), Afghan poet
* Razik Fareed (1893–1984), Sri Lankan politician, diplomat and philanthropist
*Raziq Khan (born 1979), an Emirati international cricketer
People wi ...
, constructed a number of landmark buildings in Colombo, including the
National Museum of Colombo,
Colombo Fort Clock Tower, former Colombo Town Hall,
Galle Face Hotel and Colombo Customs building.
Construction commenced on this two-storey
Edwardian style building, with the official laying of the
foundation stone
The cornerstone (or foundation stone or setting stone) is the first stone set in the construction of a masonry foundation. All other stones will be set in reference to this stone, thus determining the position of the entire structure.
Over tim ...
on 29 August 1891 and was not completed until July 1895,
although partial occupation of the building occurred in January that year. The cost of construction was
Rs.
Rupee is the common name for the currencies of
India, Mauritius, Nepal, Pakistan, Seychelles, and Sri Lanka, and of former currencies of Afghanistan, Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, the United Arab Emirates (as the Gulf rupee), British East Africa, B ...
372,961.65 (Rs. 160,000 over the original construction budget)
with the steelwork fabricated by
Walker Sons and Company and the granite sourced from quarries in
Ruwanwella and
Ratnapura
Ratnapura (; ) ("City of Gems" in Sinhala and Tamil) is a major city in Sri Lanka. It is the capital city of Sabaragamuwa Province, as well as the Ratnapura District, and is a traditional centre for the Sri Lankan gem trade. It is located o ...
. It took a workforce of 375, including 180 specialist craftsmen, almost five years to build.
The building was constructed in a typical
Colonial renaissance architectural style, with its basement designed along
Doric lines, the ground floor incorporating
Ionic architecture
The Ionic order is one of the three canonic classical order, orders of classical architecture, the other two being the Doric order, Doric and the Corinthian order, Corinthian. There are two lesser orders: the Tuscan order, Tuscan (a plainer Doric ...
whilst the matching upper floor features
Corinthan influences.
The main entrance stairs lead into a public hall, the floor of which was laid with multi-coloured
intaglio tiles, the
escalier at the rear of the hall was finished with polished granite and the plaster ceiling had
papier-maché enrichments.
The ground floor contained the parcel and postage stamp counters, the money order and savings bank counters, the registration and poste restante counters. The offices of the Postmaster-General, Superintendent of Telegraphs and the Resident Postmaster's quarters were located on the second floor, together with the Telegraph Department and Telephone Exchange.
The building served not only as the post office but also as the country's first telegraph and telephone exchanges, the Ceylon Post and Telecommunications Department having acquired the Oriental Telephone Company in January 1896 for a sum of Rs. 42,666. The first public
telephone booth
A telephone booth, telephone kiosk, telephone call box, telephone box or public call box is a tiny structure furnished with a payphone and designed for a telephone user's convenience; usually the user steps into the booth and closes the booth ...
in the country was installed in the GPO on 16 August 1909.
On 21 January 2000 the building was formally recognised by the
Government
A government is the system or group of people governing an organized community, generally a state.
In the case of its broad associative definition, government normally consists of legislature, executive, and judiciary. Government is ...
as an
archaeological protected monument in Sri Lanka.
The GPO was moved in May 2000, for security reasons during
the Civil War to the current
Sri Lanka Post headquarters,
a modern nine storey building, at 10 D. R. Wijewardene Mawatha (formerly McCallum Road), which also hosts the
Postal Museum
A postal museum is a museum dedicated to the display of objects relating to the postal service. A subcategory of postal museums are philatelic museums, which focus on philately and postage stamps.
List of postal and philatelic museums
Afric ...
. Sri Lanka Post was only given 24 hours to vacate the building, which was then occupied by the Presidential Security Division.
The building was used to stage the fourth annual Colomboscope, a multi-disciplinary arts festival in August 2016. The event featured installations from Sri Lankan and International artists and performers.
In June 2017 the United Postal Trade Union went on a three-day strike in order to stop the government's plans to sell the
Nuwara Eliya
Nuwara Eliya ( si, නුවර එළිය ; ta, நுவரெலியா) is a city in the hill country of the Central Province, Sri Lanka. Its name means "city on the plain (table land)" or "city of light". The city is the administrativ ...
,
Kandy
Kandy ( si, මහනුවර ''Mahanuwara'', ; ta, கண்டி Kandy, ) is a major city in Sri Lanka located in the Central Province. It was the last capital of the ancient kings' era of Sri Lanka. The city lies in the midst of hills ...
and
Galle Fort
Galle Fort ( si, ගාලු කොටුව ''Galu Kotuwa''; ta, காலிக் கோட்டை, translit=Kālik Kōṭṭai), in the Bay of Galle on the southwest coast of Sri Lanka, was built first in 1588 by the Portuguese, then ex ...
post offices to private developers, and seek the re-location of the Colombo General Post Office back to its original building in
Colombo Fort
Fort (Colombo) (; ) is the central business district of Colombo in Sri Lanka. It is the financial district of Colombo and the location of the Colombo Stock Exchange (CSE) and the World Trade Centre of Colombo from which the CSE operates. It is ...
. The strike was called off following written assurances being provided by the Government that they would address the union's concerns.
See also
*
Postage stamps and postal history of Sri Lanka
This is a survey of the postage stamps and postal history of Sri Lanka, formerly known as ''Ceylon''.
Sri Lanka is an island country in South Asia, located about 31 km off the southern coast of India. After over two thousand years of rule by ...
* Other
General Post Offices
*
Sri Lanka Post
Further reading
*
References
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Post office buildings in Sri Lanka
Government buildings in Colombo
Buildings and structures in Colombo
British colonial architecture in Sri Lanka
Archaeological protected monuments in Colombo District