The 122 engine was designed by
Chevrolet and was used in a wide array of
General Motors vehicles. The ''122'' was similar to the first two generations of the
General Motors 60° V6 engine
The General Motors 60° V6 engine family is a series of 60° V6 engines produced for both longitudinal and transverse applications. All of these engines are 12-valve cam-in-block or overhead valve engines, except for the LQ1; which uses 24 val ...
; sharing
cylinder bore
In a piston engine, the bore (or cylinder bore) is the diameter of each cylinder.
Engine displacement is calculated based on bore, stroke length and the number of cylinders:
displacement =
The stroke ratio, determined by dividing the bore by ...
diameters and some parts . The ''122'' was available in the US beginning in 1982 for the
GM J platform
The General Motors J platform, or J-body, is an automobile platform that was used by General Motors for compact cars from the 1982 to 2005 model years. The third generation of compact cars designed by GM, the J-body marked the introduction of fro ...
compact cars and
S-series S series or Series-S or ''variation'', may refer to:
Transportation
* Bedford S series, trucks
* Chevrolet S-series, pickup trucks
* GMC S-Series, school bus
* International S series, trucks
* International S series (bus chassis)
* S series (T ...
trucks.
For the
J cars, it evolved through 2002 when it was replaced by GMs
Ecotec line of
DOHC
An overhead camshaft (OHC) engine is a piston engine where the camshaft is located in the cylinder head above the combustion chamber. This contrasts with earlier overhead valve engines (OHV), where the camshaft is located below the combustion cha ...
4-cylinder engines. In the
S-10 related models, it evolved through 2003 and was known as the Vortec 2200. Production ceased consistent with the replacement of the
S-series S series or Series-S or ''variation'', may refer to:
Transportation
* Bedford S series, trucks
* Chevrolet S-series, pickup trucks
* GMC S-Series, school bus
* International S series, trucks
* International S series (bus chassis)
* S series (T ...
trucks with the
GMT 355 sub-platform.
Generation I
1.8
L46
The 1.8 L pushrod engine was the first engine to power the J-Body cars. Introduced with the models in 1982, the 1.8 used a 2-barrel Rochester
carburetor and produced and 100 lb/ft of torque. Since peak hp and torque came on at higher RPM,
acceleration
In mechanics, acceleration is the rate of change of the velocity of an object with respect to time. Accelerations are vector quantities (in that they have magnitude and direction). The orientation of an object's acceleration is given by t ...
in these cars was quite sluggish, with a test 1982 Pontiac J2000 accelerating from in 16.3 seconds, with a
time of 20.6 seconds.
Applications:
*1982
Buick Skyhawk
The Buick Skyhawk is an automobile produced by Buick in two generations for the 1975 through 1989 model years.
The first generation (1975-1980) were two-door hatchbacks using the subcompact, rear-wheel drive H-body platform, a badge engineere ...
*1982
Cadillac Cimarron
The Cadillac Cimarron is an entry-level luxury car manufactured and marketed by the Cadillac division of General Motors for model years 1982–1988 over a single generation, with a mild facelift in 1985.
The first post-war compact car offered ...
*1982
Chevrolet Cavalier
The Chevrolet Cavalier is a line of compact cars produced by Chevrolet. Serving as the replacement of the Chevrolet Monza, the Cavalier was the second Chevrolet model line to adopt front-wheel drive. Three versions of the Cavalier have been so ...
*1982
Oldsmobile Firenza
*1982
Pontiac J2000
2.0
LQ5
A stroked version of the 1.8 L engine, displacing 2.0 L, was introduced midway through 1982, to provide more low-rpm power for the J cars. This engine replaced the 1.8 L engine altogether and had
throttle-body fuel injection
Manifold injection is a mixture formation system for internal combustion engines with external mixture formation. It is commonly used in engines with spark ignition that use petrol as fuel, such as the Otto engine, and the Wankel engine. In a mani ...
. It produces , and 110 lb/ft of torque.
Applications:
*1983–1986
Buick Skyhawk
The Buick Skyhawk is an automobile produced by Buick in two generations for the 1975 through 1989 model years.
The first generation (1975-1980) were two-door hatchbacks using the subcompact, rear-wheel drive H-body platform, a badge engineere ...
*1983–1986
Cadillac Cimarron
The Cadillac Cimarron is an entry-level luxury car manufactured and marketed by the Cadillac division of General Motors for model years 1982–1988 over a single generation, with a mild facelift in 1985.
The first post-war compact car offered ...
*1983–1986
Chevrolet Cavalier
The Chevrolet Cavalier is a line of compact cars produced by Chevrolet. Serving as the replacement of the Chevrolet Monza, the Cavalier was the second Chevrolet model line to adopt front-wheel drive. Three versions of the Cavalier have been so ...
*1983–1986
Oldsmobile Firenza
*1983–1985
Pontiac J2000/2000/Sunbird
LQ2
This engine was similar to the LQ5 however it did not use throttle body fuel injection, instead it had a
2-barrel carburetor. This engine was used in the
Chevrolet S-10 and
GMC S-15 compact pickup trucks and their
Blazer
A blazer is a type of jacket resembling a suit jacket, but cut more casually. A blazer is generally distinguished from a sport coat as a more formal garment and tailored from solid colour fabrics. Blazers often have naval-style metal buttons ...
and
Jimmy counterparts until 1985, when it was replaced by the 2.5 L
Tech IV engine. This engine produced at 4600 RPM and at 2400 RPM.
Applications:
*1982–1985
Chevrolet S-10 and GMC S-15
*1982–1985
Chevrolet S-10 Blazer and GMC S-15 Jimmy
Generation II
2.0
LL8
This engine replaced the LQ5 and was used from 1987 until 1989. It featured throttle body fuel injection and produced and of torque.
Applications:
*1987–1989
Buick Skyhawk
The Buick Skyhawk is an automobile produced by Buick in two generations for the 1975 through 1989 model years.
The first generation (1975-1980) were two-door hatchbacks using the subcompact, rear-wheel drive H-body platform, a badge engineere ...
*1987–1989
Chevrolet Beretta
The Chevrolet Beretta is a front-wheel-drive two-door coupé produced by Chevrolet from 1987 until 1996. The Beretta was designed in the same design studio as the Camaro and the Corvette, Chevrolet Exterior Studio 3, and was built at the Wilmi ...
*1987–1989
Chevrolet Cavalier
The Chevrolet Cavalier is a line of compact cars produced by Chevrolet. Serving as the replacement of the Chevrolet Monza, the Cavalier was the second Chevrolet model line to adopt front-wheel drive. Three versions of the Cavalier have been so ...
*1987–1989
Chevrolet Corsica
The Chevrolet Corsica (named after Corsica, France) is a front-wheel drive compact car that was produced by Chevrolet from 1987 until 1996. The Corsica was built upon the L-body platform. It shared the L-body with the 2-door Beretta, and the reb ...
*1987–1988
Oldsmobile Firenza
*1987–1989
Pontiac Tempest
2.2
LM3
For the 1990 model year, GM replaced the 2.0 L engine with a stroked version displacing 2.2 L and using
throttle-body fuel injection
Manifold injection is a mixture formation system for internal combustion engines with external mixture formation. It is commonly used in engines with spark ignition that use petrol as fuel, such as the Otto engine, and the Wankel engine. In a mani ...
(TBI). Commonly called the 2.2, it produced and of torque.
Applications:
*1990–1991
Chevrolet Beretta
The Chevrolet Beretta is a front-wheel-drive two-door coupé produced by Chevrolet from 1987 until 1996. The Beretta was designed in the same design studio as the Camaro and the Corvette, Chevrolet Exterior Studio 3, and was built at the Wilmi ...
*1990–1991
Chevrolet Cavalier
The Chevrolet Cavalier is a line of compact cars produced by Chevrolet. Serving as the replacement of the Chevrolet Monza, the Cavalier was the second Chevrolet model line to adopt front-wheel drive. Three versions of the Cavalier have been so ...
*1990–1991
Chevrolet Corsica
The Chevrolet Corsica (named after Corsica, France) is a front-wheel drive compact car that was produced by Chevrolet from 1987 until 1996. The Corsica was built upon the L-body platform. It shared the L-body with the 2-door Beretta, and the reb ...
*1990–1991
Pontiac Tempest
LN2
For 1992, the 2.2 received
multi-port fuel injection (MPFI), replacing the
TBI version in the J-body cars and increasing power to and of torque. In the L-body cars it was converted straight to Sequential Fuel Injection. In 1994, all 2.2 L engines were updated to
sequential multi-port fuel injection
Fuel injection is the introduction of fuel in an internal combustion engine, most commonly automotive engines, by the means of an injector. This article focuses on fuel injection in reciprocating piston and Wankel rotary engines.
All com ...
and power increased to , with torque increasing to . The MPFI and SFI versions produced enough power to allow the 2.2 to replace the old
Pontiac Pontiac may refer to:
*Pontiac (automobile), a car brand
*Pontiac (Ottawa leader) ( – 1769), a Native American war chief
Places and jurisdictions Canada
*Pontiac, Quebec, a municipality
** Apostolic Vicariate of Pontiac, now the Roman Catholic D ...
Iron Duke engine as the 4-cylinder offering in the S/T platform trucks and A-body cars. For 1996, it became known as the Vortec 2200 in the S/T trucks.
For 1998, the engine was revised for emissions regulations and became known as the 2200. This revision lowered power to at 5000 rpm, and torque to at 3600 rpm. The engine was discontinued in 2003, replaced by the 2.2 L DOHC
Ecotec engine. Although it displaces 134 cu. in, the 2.2 L OHV is still commonly referred to as the GM 122 today, and has been reputed for its simplicity, reliability and ease of maintenance in the J-body cars and S-Series trucks, and a few L-Body cars. The 2003 model LN2 is equipped with
secondary air injection
Secondary air injection (commonly known as air injection) is a vehicle emissions control strategy introduced in 1966, wherein fresh air is injected into the exhaust stream to allow for a fuller secondary combustion of exhaust gases.
Development
...
.
Applications:
*1993–1996
Buick Century
Buick Century is the model name that was used by Buick for a line of upscale full-size cars from 1936 to 1942 and 1954 to 1958, as well as from 1973 to 2005 for mid-size cars.
The first Buick Century debuted as the Series 60 then renamed in 19 ...
*1992–1996
Chevrolet Beretta
The Chevrolet Beretta is a front-wheel-drive two-door coupé produced by Chevrolet from 1987 until 1996. The Beretta was designed in the same design studio as the Camaro and the Corvette, Chevrolet Exterior Studio 3, and was built at the Wilmi ...
*1992–2002
Chevrolet Cavalier
The Chevrolet Cavalier is a line of compact cars produced by Chevrolet. Serving as the replacement of the Chevrolet Monza, the Cavalier was the second Chevrolet model line to adopt front-wheel drive. Three versions of the Cavalier have been so ...
*1992–1996
Chevrolet Corsica
The Chevrolet Corsica (named after Corsica, France) is a front-wheel drive compact car that was produced by Chevrolet from 1987 until 1996. The Corsica was built upon the L-body platform. It shared the L-body with the 2-door Beretta, and the reb ...
*1993
Chevrolet Lumina
The Chevrolet Lumina is a mid-size car that was produced and marketed by the Chevrolet division of General Motors from 1989 until 2001.
__TOC__
Background
The first generation of the Lumina replaced the Chevrolet Celebrity and Chevrolet ...
*1994–1997, 2003
Chevrolet S-10, GMC Sonoma and Isuzu Hombre
*1993–1994
Grumman LLV
*1993–1996
Oldsmobile Cutlass Ciera
The Oldsmobile Cutlass Ciera is a mid-size car that was manufactured and marketed from the 1982 through 1996 model years by the Oldsmobile Division of General Motors. It shared the front-wheel drive A platform with the Buick Century, Pontiac 6 ...
*1995–2002
Pontiac Sunfire
The Pontiac Sunfire is a compact car by Pontiac that was introduced for the 1995 model year to replace the Sunbird. Not only was the name changed, but dramatic styling changes were included as well. The new styling was shared with the redesigned C ...
L43
The Vortec 2200 (RPO code L43) is an OHV
straight-4 truck
A truck or lorry is a motor vehicle designed to transport cargo, carry specialized payloads, or perform other utilitarian work. Trucks vary greatly in size, power, and configuration, but the vast majority feature body-on-frame constructi ...
engine. This engine is equipped with
secondary air injection
Secondary air injection (commonly known as air injection) is a vehicle emissions control strategy introduced in 1966, wherein fresh air is injected into the exhaust stream to allow for a fuller secondary combustion of exhaust gases.
Development
...
, and is
flex-fuel
A flexible-fuel vehicle (FFV) or dual-fuel vehicle (colloquially called a flex-fuel vehicle) is an alternative fuel vehicle with an internal combustion engine designed to run on more than one fuel, usually gasoline blended with either ethanol or ...
capable. It is entirely different from the
Iron Duke, and was the last North American iteration of the
GM 122 engine. The 2200 uses an iron block and aluminum 2-valve cylinder head. Output is at 5000
rpm
Revolutions per minute (abbreviated rpm, RPM, rev/min, r/min, or with the notation min−1) is a unit of rotational speed or rotational frequency for rotating machines.
Standards
ISO 80000-3:2019 defines a unit of rotation as the dimensionl ...
and at 3600 rpm. Displacement is with an bore and stroke. 2200s were built at
GM's Tonawanda engine plant in
Buffalo. This engine was replaced by the LN2 in September 2002.
Applications:
*1998–2002
Chevrolet S-10, GMC Sonoma and Isuzu Hombre
See also
*
List of GM engines
This list of GM engines encompasses all engines manufactured by General Motors and used in their cars.
Divisions
When General Motors was created in 1908, it started out with Buick and soon after acquired Oldsmobile, Cadillac and Oakland. Ther ...
References
{{DEFAULTSORT:Gm 122 Engine
122 122 may refer to:
*122 (number), a natural number
*AD 122, a year in the 2nd century AD
*122 BC, a year in the 2nd century BC
*122 (film), ''122'' (film), a 2019 Egyptian psychological horror film
*"One Twenty Two", a 2022 single by the American roc ...
Straight-four engines
Gasoline engines by model