Gün Temür ( mn, Гүнтөмөр;

Mongolian script The classical or traditional Mongolian script, also known as the , was the first writing system created specifically for the Mongolian language, and was the most widespread until the introduction of Cyrillic in 1946. It is traditionally writte ...

: ; ),

regnal name A regnal name, or regnant name or reign name, is the name used by monarchs and popes during their reigns and, subsequently, historically. Since ancient times, some monarchs have chosen to use a different name from their original name when they ac ...

Toqoqan Khan ( mn, Тогоон хаан; ), (1377–1402) was a khagan of the

Northern Yuan dynasty The Northern Yuan () was a dynastic regime ruled by the Mongol Borjigin clan based in the Mongolian Plateau. It existed as a rump state after the collapse of the Yuan dynasty in 1368 and lasted until its conquest by the Jurchen-led Later Jin ...

, reigning from 1400 to 1402. ''

Erdeniin Tobchi The ''Erdeniin Tobchi'' (, , ''summary of the Khans' treasure'') is a national chronicle of the Mongols written by Saghang Sechen in 1662. The ''Erdeniin Tobchi'' is commonly called ''The Chronicles of Sagang Sechen''. A first translation into a ...

'' claimed that Gün Temür was the eldest son of

Elbeg Nigülesügchi Khan Nigülesügchi Khan ( mn, Нигүүлсэгч хаан; ), born Elbeg ( mn, Элбэг; ), (1362–1399) was a khagan of the Northern Yuan, Northern Yuan dynasty, reigning from 1394 to 1399. ''Erdeniin Tobchi'' claimed that Elbeg was the younger ...

, but records in ''Shajrat Ul Atrak'' and ''

Habib al-siyar Habib ( ar, حبيب, ''ḥabīb''; ), sometimes written as Habeeb, is an Arabic masculine given name, occasional surname, and honorific, with the meaning "beloved" or "my love", or "darling". It also forms the famous Arabic word ‘''Habibi’'' ...

'' he as other Genghizid (maybe descendant of

Ariq Böke Ariq Böke (after 1219–1266), the components of his name also spelled Arigh, Arik and Bukha, Buka ( mn, Аригбөх, Arigböh, ; ), was the seventh and youngest son of Tolui and a grandson of Genghis Khan. After the death of his brother the ...

). His name, Gün Temür, means "Deep (intellectually) Iron" in the

Mongolian language Mongolian is the official language of Mongolia and both the most widely spoken and best-known member of the Mongolic language family. The number of speakers across all its dialects may be 5.2 million, including the vast majority of the residen ...

Reign

In an attempt to consolidate his authority over the state of

Kara Del Kara Del or Qara Del was a Mongol-led kingdom that existed in Hami in present-day Xinjiang. It was founded by the Yuan prince Gunashiri, a descendant of Chagatai Khan, in the late 14th century (c.1389), and ruled by the Chagatayids thereafter un ...

in Hami, Gün Temür murdered Engke-Temur who allied with the

Ming dynasty The Ming dynasty (), officially the Great Ming, was an Dynasties in Chinese history, imperial dynasty of China, ruling from 1368 to 1644 following the collapse of the Mongol Empire, Mongol-led Yuan dynasty. The Ming dynasty was the last ort ...

.The Cambridge History of Inner Asia: The Chinggisid Age, (edited by Nicola Di Cosmo, Allen J. Frank and Peter B. Golden), September 28, 2009. . p. 162. In 1402, Gün Temür was defeated by Gulichi (possibly with

Arughtai Arughtai, also known as Alutai (; d. 1434), was a chingsang of the Northern Yuan dynasty who fought against the Yongle Emperor of the Ming dynasty and the Four Oirats. According to the Mongolian and Chinese chronicles, there are similar named figu ...

), who killed him as a result. Several months after his death, the Northern Yuan throne was succeeded by his younger brother Öljei Temür Khan Bunyashiri.

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Gun Temur Khan, Emperor Shuntian Of Northern Yuan 1377 births 1402 deaths Northern Yuan rulers 14th-century Mongol rulers 15th-century Mongol rulers 15th-century Chinese monarchs

Reign

See also

References