, image_skyline = , imagesize = , image_caption = , image_flag = , image_seal = , image_map = , map_caption = , pushpin_map = Turkmenistan , pushpin_label_position =bottom , pushpin_mapsize = 300 , pushpin_map_caption =Location in Turkmenistan , subdivision_type =

Country A country is a distinct part of the world, such as a state, nation, or other political entity. It may be a sovereign state or make up one part of a larger state. For example, the country of Japan is an independent, sovereign state, while the ...

, subdivision_type1 =

Province A province is almost always an administrative division within a country or sovereign state, state. The term derives from the ancient Roman ''Roman province, provincia'', which was the major territorial and administrative unit of the Roman Empire ...

, subdivision_name =

Turkmenistan Turkmenistan ( or ; tk, Türkmenistan / Түркменистан, ) is a country located in Central Asia, bordered by Kazakhstan to the northwest, Uzbekistan to the north, east and northeast, Afghanistan to the southeast, Iran to the sout ...

, subdivision_name1 =

Balkan Province Balkan Region ( tk, Balkan welaýaty, Балкан велаяты) is the westernmost of the five regions of Turkmenistan. Clockwise from north it borders Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan (north); two provinces of Turkmenistan (east), Iran (south), and ...

, subdivision_type2 =

District A district is a type of administrative division that, in some countries, is managed by the local government. Across the world, areas known as "districts" vary greatly in size, spanning regions or counties, several municipalities, subdivisions o ...

, subdivision_name2 =

Etrek District Etrek Etraby is a district (''estrap'') in Balkan Province, Turkmenistan Turkmenistan ( or ; tk, Türkmenistan / Түркменистан, ) is a country located in Central Asia, bordered by Kazakhstan to the northwest, Uzbekistan to the ...

, established_title = , established_date = , government_type = , leader_title = , leader_name = , area_magnitude = , area_total_sq_mi = , area_total_km2 = , area_land_sq_mi = , area_land_km2 = , area_urban_sq_mi = , area_urban_km2 = , area_metro_km2 = , area_metro_sq_mi = , population_as_of= , population_footnotes = , population_total = , population_urban = , population_metro = , population_density_sq_mi = , population_density_km2 = , timezone = , utc_offset = , timezone_DST = , utc_offset_DST = , coordinates = , elevation_footnotes= , elevation_m = 29 , elevation_ft = , postal_code_type = , postal_code = , area_code = +993-242 , website = , footnotes = Etrek (formerly Gyzyletrek, Bayat-Khadzhi russian: Баят-Хаджи, Kyzyl-Atrek) is a

city A city is a human settlement of notable size.Goodall, B. (1987) ''The Penguin Dictionary of Human Geography''. London: Penguin.Kuper, A. and Kuper, J., eds (1996) ''The Social Science Encyclopedia''. 2nd edition. London: Routledge. It can be def ...

and administrative center of

. It is located on the

Atrek River The Atrek ( fa, اترک, ku, Etrek, tk, Etrek derýasy), also known as the Attruck, Atrak, and Etrek, is a fast-moving river which begins in the mountains of north-eastern Iran (), and flows westward draining into the south-eastern corner of th ...

( tk, Etrek derýasy) bordering on

Iran Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called Persia, is a country located in Western Asia. It is bordered by Iraq and Turkey to the west, by Azerbaijan and Armenia to the northwest, by the Caspian Sea and Turkmeni ...

. The city's and district's name was changed to Etrek in December 1999 by Parliamentary Resolution HM-63.

Etymology

Atanyyazow postulates that the name "Etrek" comes from the Turkic word ''atrau'', which refers to the shore of a body of water. The name was first encountered in the 13th century, in the works of Hamdallah Qazvi. Atanyyazow further makes clear that the prefix ''gyzyl-'' was added during the

Soviet The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, ...

period as a reference to the revolutionary color "red". This municipality was known as Baýat-Hajy until 1928. Atanyyazow nods to local elders who say the name honored an early resident who completed the pilgrimage to

Mecca Mecca (; officially Makkah al-Mukarramah, commonly shortened to Makkah ()) is a city and administrative center of the Mecca Province of Saudi Arabia, and the Holiest sites in Islam, holiest city in Islam. It is inland from Jeddah on the Red ...

, but notes that a local tribe is also named Baýat.

Overview

Nearby towns and villages include Agach-Arvat (4.8 km), Torshakli, Iran (6.3 km), Yasydepe (15.6 km), and Yarymtyk (19.4 km). There is no air service to Etrek, although there is an airport, Kizyl Atrek Airport, just to the south. Etrek is the site of a barracks of the State Border Service of Turkmenistan, and is the location of a satellite office of the State Migration Service.State Migration Service of Turkmenistan website
/ref> The city and its district are included in the list of frontier areas of Turkmenistan subject to border service control.

Climate

Etrek has a

desert climate The desert climate or arid climate (in the Köppen climate classification ''BWh'' and ''BWk''), is a dry climate sub-type in which there is a severe excess of evaporation over precipitation. The typically bald, rocky, or sandy surfaces in desert ...

(

Köppen climate classification The Köppen climate classification is one of the most widely used climate classification systems. It was first published by German-Russian climatologist Wladimir Köppen (1846–1940) in 1884, with several later modifications by Köppen, notabl ...

''BWk''), with cool winters and hot summers. Rainfall is generally light and erratic, and is heavier in winter than in summer.

References

External links

"Gyzyletrek"
at geonames.org

Etymology

Overview

Climate

References

External links

See also