Gyula Justh (13 January 1850 – 9 October 1917) was a Hungarian jurist and politician, who served as Speaker of the House of Representatives between 1905 and 1909.

Biography

He was born in Necpál,

Turóc County Turóc ( Hungarian, historically also spelled ''Túrócz''), , /''comitatus Thurociensis'', ) was an administrative county (comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory is now in north-western Slovakia, where the corresponding Slovak name ...

(today: ''Necpaly, Slovakia'') as a child of István Justh and Margit Pákozdy. After finishing law studies he became Chief Constable of

Gyula District Gyula ( hu, Gyulai járás; ro, Districtul Jula) is a district in eastern part of Békés County. '' Gyula'' is also the name of the town where the district seat is found. The district is located in the Southern Great Plain Statistical Region. ...

however the governing Liberal Party overthrew him because of his thoughts of independence against

Austro-Hungarian Compromise The Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867 (german: Ausgleich, hu, Kiegyezés) established the dual monarchy of Austria-Hungary. The Compromise only partially re-established the former pre-1848 sovereignty and status of the Kingdom of Hungary ...

. After that he returned to his estate in Tornya (today ''Turnu, Romania''). Later he farmed in his property in

Csanád County Csanád was an administrative county (comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory is now part of Hungary, except for a small area which is part of Romania. The capital of the county was Makó. Geography Csanád county shared borders wit ...

. He was elected Member of Parliament for

Makó Makó (, german: Makowa, yi, מאַקאָווע Makowe, ro, Macău or , sk, Makov) is a town in Csongrád County, in southeastern Hungary, from the Romanian border. It lies on the Maros River. Makó is home to 23,272 people and it has an area ...

in 1884. He held this position until his death. He often spoke out for civic democratic reforms. He served as deputy chairman of the Independence Party since 1891 and as chairman from 1893 when the previous leader

Dániel Irányi Daniel is a masculine given name and a surname of Hebrew origin. It means "God is my judge"Hanks, Hardcastle and Hodges, ''Oxford Dictionary of First Names'', Oxford University Press, 2nd edition, , p. 68. (cf. Gabriel—"God is my strength"), ...

died. He had a significant role in the developing of the Church Policy Act during the first cabinet of

Sándor Wekerle Sándor Wekerle (14 November 1848 – 26 August 1921) was a Hungarian politician who served three times as prime minister. He was the first non-noble to hold the office in Hungary. Biography He was born in Mór to a Danube Swabian family, i ...

in 1894-1895. After the division of " 48 factions" he broke up with the faction which was led by

Gábor Ugron Gábor Ugron de Ábránfalva the Younger (8 January 1880 – 27 October 1960) was a Hungarian politician, a member of one of the oldest noble families of Transylvania, who served as Interior Minister between 1917 and 1918. After the First W ...

. He became chairman again when the party reunited, but soon resigned from his position for

Ferenc Kossuth Ferenc Lajos Ákos Kossuth de Udvard et Kossuthfalva (16 November 1841 – 25 May 1914) was a Hungarian civil engineer and politician. Biography The son of Hungarian revolutionary Lajos Kossuth, Ferenc was educated at the Paris Polytechnic ...

's benefit. Two years later, he had a role in the protests against Press Criminal Procedure. He was one of the leaders of the

filibuster A filibuster is a political procedure in which one or more members of a legislative body prolong debate on proposed legislation so as to delay or entirely prevent decision. It is sometimes referred to as "talking a bill to death" or "talking out ...

in 1898 which led to the resignation of

Prime Minister A prime minister, premier or chief of cabinet is the head of the cabinet and the leader of the ministers in the executive branch of government, often in a parliamentary or semi-presidential system. Under those systems, a prime minister is not ...

Dezső Bánffy Baron Dezső Bánffy de Losonc (28 October 184324 May 1911) was a Hungarian politician who served as Prime Minister of Hungary from 1895 to 1899. Biography The son of Baron Dániel Bánffy and Anna Gyárfás, Dezső Bánffy was born in Kolozs ...

. Justh was appointed Speaker of the House of Representatives in 1905 when his party won a majority in the lower house. Unlike Ferenc Kossuth, he proved to be understanding in the case of Croatian representatives' obstruction who convicted the Hungarian service language among the

Croatian Railways Croatian Railways ( hr, Hrvatske željeznice; abbreviated as HŽ) is the national railway company of Croatia. Croatia is a member of the International Union of Railways (UIC). The UIC Country Code for Croatia is 78. The Croatian rail network carri ...

. He fought for the introduction of

universal suffrage Universal suffrage (also called universal franchise, general suffrage, and common suffrage of the common man) gives the right to vote to all adult citizens, regardless of wealth, income, gender, social status, race, ethnicity, or political stanc ...

on the side of the

Hungarian Social Democratic Party The Social Democratic Party of Hungary ( hu, Magyarországi Szociáldemokrata Párt, MSZDP) is a social democratic political party in Hungary. Historically, the party was dissolved during the occupation of Hungary by Nazi Germany (1944–1945) ...

and Civil Radicals (

Oszkár Jászi Oszkár Jászi (born Oszkár Jakobuvits; 2 March 1875 – 13 February 1957), also known in English as Oscar Jászi, was a Hungarian social scientist, historian, and politician. Early life Oszkár Jászi was born in Nagykároly on March 2, 1875 ...

). He resigned in 1909 when he came into conflict with Kossuth in the issue of an independent national bank (the

Hungarian National Bank The Hungarian National Bank ( hu, Magyar Nemzeti Bank (MNB)) is the central bank of Hungary and as such part of the European System of Central Banks (ESCB). The Hungarian National Bank was established in 1924 and succeeded the Royal Hungarian St ...

was created only in 1924). He led the obstruction against

István Tisza Count István Imre Lajos Pál Tisza de Borosjenő et Szeged (archaically anglicized Stephen Emery Louis Paul Tisza, in short Stephen Tisza; 22 April 1861 – 31 October 1918) was a Hungarian politician, prime minister, political scientist, inte ...

in 1912. One year later he was the co-chairman, along with Kossuth, of the united opposition against the Prime Minister's policy, but the real power was concentrated in the hands of Count

Mihály Károlyi Count Mihály Ádám György Miklós Károlyi de Nagykároly ( hu, gróf nagykárolyi Károlyi Mihály Ádám György Miklós; archaically English: Michael Adam George Nicholas Károlyi, or in short simple form: Michael Károlyi; 4 March 1875 � ...

. Justh agreed with the radical programs of Károlyi. In the last years he suffered from illness and lived in retreat. He is an honorary citizen of Makó.Ferenc Tóth - László Domokos: ''Címerek és díszpolgárok Makón''. A Makói Múzeum Füzetei, 69. Makó, 1991.

References

External links

* Jónás, Károly - Villám, Judit: ''A Magyar Országgyűlés elnökei 1848-2002''. Argumentum, Budapest, 2002. pp. 147–151 {{DEFAULTSORT:Justh, Gyula 1850 births 1917 deaths People from Martin District Members of the National Assembly of Hungary Speakers of the House of Representatives of Hungary