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Fényi Gyula (8 January 1845 – 21 December 1927) was a
He was born in Sopron,
Short biography of Julius Fenyi
{{DEFAULTSORT:Fenyi, Gyula 1845 births 1927 deaths 19th-century Hungarian astronomers 20th-century Hungarian astronomers 20th-century Hungarian Jesuits Catholic clergy scientists Members of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences Jesuit scientists 19th-century Hungarian Jesuits
Hungaria Hungaria or Hungária may refer to:
*Latin for Hungary, a European country
**For historical entities (from 895) see: Hungary (disambiguation)
*Lady of Hungaria, the national personification of Hungary
* ''Hungaria'' (Liszt), a symphonic poem by Fra ...
n Jesuit
, image = Ihs-logo.svg
, image_size = 175px
, caption = ChristogramOfficial seal of the Jesuits
, abbreviation = SJ
, nickname = Jesuits
, formation =
, founders ...
and astronomer
An astronomer is a scientist in the field of astronomy who focuses their studies on a specific question or field outside the scope of Earth. They observe astronomical objects such as stars, planets, natural satellite, moons, comets and galaxy, g ...
. He is also known by the name ''P. Julius Fenyi SJ''. He is best known for his work on the Sun and leading the Haynald Observatory to be a leader in solar studies.
Life
He was born in Sopron, Hungary
Hungary ( hu, Magyarország ) is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Spanning of the Carpathian Basin, it is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine to the northeast, Romania to the east and southeast, Serbia to the south, Croatia a ...
, the eleventh child of a merchant family. In 1864 he became a member of the Society of Jesus
, image = Ihs-logo.svg
, image_size = 175px
, caption = ChristogramOfficial seal of the Jesuits
, abbreviation = SJ
, nickname = Jesuits
, formation =
, founders ...
, and he was sent to Kalocsa where he would be an instructor of chemistry
Chemistry is the science, scientific study of the properties and behavior of matter. It is a natural science that covers the Chemical element, elements that make up matter to the chemical compound, compounds made of atoms, molecules and ions ...
, mathematics
Mathematics is an area of knowledge that includes the topics of numbers, formulas and related structures, shapes and the spaces in which they are contained, and quantities and their changes. These topics are represented in modern mathematics ...
, physics
Physics is the natural science that studies matter, its fundamental constituents, its motion and behavior through space and time, and the related entities of energy and force. "Physical science is that department of knowledge which r ...
and the natural history of the world. He studied at the university at Innsbruck
Innsbruck (; bar, Innschbruck, label=Bavarian language, Austro-Bavarian ) is the capital of Tyrol (state), Tyrol and the List of cities and towns in Austria, fifth-largest city in Austria. On the Inn (river), River Inn, at its junction with the ...
beginning in 1874, where he trained in theology, mathematics and physics. After completing his studies in 1878, he would return to teaching and also serve as an assistant at the Haynald Observatory in Kalocsa. In 1885 he became the director of the observatory, and would remain at this post until retiring due to poor health in 1913. He continued his astronomical observations even in retirement.
Fényi Gyula was noted for his observations of the Sun, including spectroscopic studies of solar prominences, as well as sun spot
Sunspots are phenomena on the Sun's photosphere that appear as temporary spots that are darker than the surrounding areas. They are regions of reduced surface temperature caused by concentrations of magnetic flux that inhibit convection. Sun ...
s. He was the first person to demonstrate a correlation between the number of solar prominences and the number of sun spots. Between 1880 until 1919 he assembled over 6,000 drawings of the Sun, all using the same instrument. (These drawings are archived at the Heliophysical Observatory, in Debrecen
Debrecen ( , is Hungary's second-largest city, after Budapest, the regional centre of the Northern Great Plain region and the seat of Hajdú-Bihar County. A city with county rights, it was the largest Hungarian city in the 18th century and i ...
, Hungary.) He published over 200 scientific papers in several languages. In 1916 he was elected a corresponding member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences.
The crater Fényi on the Moon
The Moon is Earth's only natural satellite. It is the fifth largest satellite in the Solar System and the largest and most massive relative to its parent planet, with a diameter about one-quarter that of Earth (comparable to the width of ...
and asteroid
An asteroid is a minor planet of the inner Solar System. Sizes and shapes of asteroids vary significantly, ranging from 1-meter rocks to a dwarf planet almost 1000 km in diameter; they are rocky, metallic or icy bodies with no atmosphere.
...
115254 Fényi 115 may refer to:
*115 (number), the number
*AD 115, a year in the 2nd century AD
*115 BC, a year in the 2nd century BC
*115 (Hampshire Fortress) Corps Engineer Regiment, Royal Engineers, a unit in the UK Territorial Army
*115 (Leicestershire) Field ...
are named after him.
See also
* List of Jesuit scientists *List of Roman Catholic scientist-clerics
A ''list'' is any set of items in a row. List or lists may also refer to:
People
* List (surname)
Organizations
* List College, an undergraduate division of the Jewish Theological Seminary of America
* SC Germania List, German rugby union ...
References
External links
Short biography of Julius Fenyi
{{DEFAULTSORT:Fenyi, Gyula 1845 births 1927 deaths 19th-century Hungarian astronomers 20th-century Hungarian astronomers 20th-century Hungarian Jesuits Catholic clergy scientists Members of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences Jesuit scientists 19th-century Hungarian Jesuits