Gymnosoma Clavatum
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''Gymnosoma clavatum'' is a species of
tachinid flies The Tachinidae are a large and variable family of true flies within the insect order Diptera, with more than 8,200 known species and many more to be discovered. Over 1,300 species have been described in North America alone. Insects in this family ...
in the genus ''
Gymnosoma ''Gymnosoma'' is a genus of flies in the family Tachinidae. The name ''"Gymnosoma"'' literally translates as "naked body", and presumably refers to the fact that some species in the genus are less conspicuously bristly than most species of flies ...
'' of the family
Tachinidae The Tachinidae are a large and variable family of true flies within the insect order Diptera, with more than 8,200 known species and many more to be discovered. Over 1,300 species have been described in North America alone. Insects in this family ...
.


Distribution

This species can be found in most of
Europe Europe is a large peninsula conventionally considered a continent in its own right because of its great physical size and the weight of its history and traditions. Europe is also considered a Continent#Subcontinents, subcontinent of Eurasia ...
, up to
Central Asia Central Asia, also known as Middle Asia, is a subregion, region of Asia that stretches from the Caspian Sea in the west to western China and Mongolia in the east, and from Afghanistan and Iran in the south to Russia in the north. It includes t ...
and the
Middle East The Middle East ( ar, الشرق الأوسط, ISO 233: ) is a geopolitical region commonly encompassing Arabian Peninsula, Arabia (including the Arabian Peninsula and Bahrain), Anatolia, Asia Minor (Asian part of Turkey except Hatay Pro ...
. It is not present in the
United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a country in Europe, off the north-western coast of the continental mainland. It comprises England, Scotland, Wales and North ...
.


Description

''Gymnosoma clavatum'' can reach a length of . These flies have a black thorax, but males have a mesonotum with golden pruinosity up to the transverse suture. Scutellum is black with two pairs of marginal setae and a quite characteristic red sub-globular abdomen, without setae but with large black markings in the middle. In the females thorax before the scutellum has three spots of dusting. Abdominal tergites are completely fused. The compound eyes are red. Antennae are black. Wings are slightly darkened, with yellow basicostae. Femora and tibiae are black.George C. Steyskal - Keys to The Insects of The European Part of The USSR – Vol. V


Biology

Adults can be found from May to October. These flies are
endoparasites Parasitism is a close relationship between species, where one organism, the parasite, lives on or inside another organism, the host, causing it some harm, and is adapted structurally to this way of life. The entomologist E. O. Wilson has ...
of various
Pentatomidae Pentatomidae is a family of insects belonging to the order Hemiptera, generally called shield bugs or stink bugs. Pentatomidae is the largest family in the superfamily Pentatomoidea, and contains around 900 genera and over 4700 species.Robert G ...
species, on which the females lay their eggs. Larvae will develop inside them. Known
larva A larva (; plural larvae ) is a distinct juvenile form many animals undergo before metamorphosis into adults. Animals with indirect development such as insects, amphibians, or cnidarians typically have a larval phase of their life cycle. The ...
l hosts of these parasitic flies are '' Ancyrosoma leucogrammes'', ''
Carpocoris pudicus ''Carpocoris pudicus'' is a species of shield bug in the family Pentatomidae. Distribution This species is widespread in most of central and southern Europe (Albania, Austria, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, No ...
'', ''
Cydnus aterrimus ''Cydnus aterrimus'' is a species of burrowing bug in the family Cydnidae Cydnidae are a family of pentatomoid bugs, known by common names including burrowing bugs or burrower bugs. As the common name would suggest, many members of the group ...
'', '' Dolycoris baccarum'', ''
Eurygaster integriceps ''Eurygaster integriceps'' is a species of shield bug in the family Scutelleridae, commonly known as the sunn pest or corn bug. It is native to much of northern Africa, the Balkans and western and central Asia. It is a major pest of cereal crops ...
'', ''
Nezara viridula ''Nezara viridula'', commonly known as the southern green stink bug (USA), southern green shield bug (UK) or green vegetable bug (Australia and New Zealand), is a plant-feeding stink bug. Believed to have originated in Ethiopia, it can now be fo ...
'', '' Palomena prasina'', ''
Piezodorus lituratus ''Piezodorus lituratus'', the gorse shield bug, is a species of Pentatomidae, a family of shield bugs. Varieties *''Piezodorus lituratus var. lituratus'' ( Fabricius, 1794) *''Piezodorus lituratus var. alliaceus'' (Germar, 1823) Distribution Th ...
''.


References


External links


Barry Fotopage

Animalandia
Diptera of Europe Phasiinae Insects described in 1947 Endoparasites Taxa named by Boris Rohdendorf {{Phasiinae-stub