''Gymnopilus viridans'' is a mushroom in the family

Hymenogastraceae The Hymenogastraceae is a family of fungi in the order Agaricales with both agaric and false-truffle shaped fruitbodies. Formerly, prior to molecular analyses, the family was restricted to the false-truffle genera. The mushroom genus ''Psilocybe' ...

. It contains the hallucinogens

psilocybin Psilocybin ( , ) is a naturally occurring psychedelic prodrug compound produced by more than 200 species of fungi. The most potent are members of the genus ''Psilocybe'', such as '' P. azurescens'', '' P. semilanceata'', and '' P.&nbs ...

and

psilocin Psilocin (also known as 4-HO-DMT, 4-hydroxy DMT, psilocine, psilocyn, or psilotsin) is a substituted tryptamine alkaloid and a serotonergic psychedelic substance. It is present in most psychedelic mushrooms together with its phosphorylated counte ...

. It is a rarely documented species, the last known collection being from the US state of

Washington Washington commonly refers to: * Washington (state), United States * Washington, D.C., the capital of the United States ** A metonym for the federal government of the United States ** Washington metropolitan area, the metropolitan area centered on ...

in 1912.

Description

* Pileus: — 8 cm, thick, convex with a large umbo, ochraceous, dry, with conspicuous light reddish brown scales that are sparse but become denser toward the center; flesh firm, becoming green-spotted where handled. *Gills: Adnate, broad, crowded, edges undulate, dingy brown to rusty brown with age. *Spore print: Rusty brown. * Stipe: — 6 cm in height, 2 cm in diameter, enlarging below, solid, firm, concolorous with the cap. *Microscopic features: Spores 7 x 8.5 x 4 — 5 µm ellipsoid, not dextrinoid, minutely verruculose, obliquely pointed at one end, no germ pore. Pleurocystidia absent, Cheilocystidia 20 — 26 x 5 — 7 µm, caulocystidia 35 — 43 x 4 — 7 µm, clamp connections present.

Habitat and formation

''Gymnopilus viridans'' is found growing cespitose on

coniferous Conifers are a group of cone-bearing seed plants, a subset of gymnosperms. Scientifically, they make up the division Pinophyta (), also known as Coniferophyta () or Coniferae. The division contains a single extant class, Pinopsida. All extant ...

wood from June to November.

References

* ''("For the benefit of those using Saccardo's nomenclature, the following new species in the above article are recombined, as follows: Gymnopilus viridans = Flammula viridans
p. 262
'' * Hesler, Mycologia Memoir No. 3 1969, North American Species of Gymnopilus {{Taxonbar, from=Q5625040 viridans Entheogens Psychoactive fungi Psychedelic tryptamine carriers Fungi of North America Taxa named by William Alphonso Murrill