''Gwiazdka Cieszyńska'' ("Cieszyn Star") was a weekly

Polish Polish may refer to: * Anything from or related to Poland, a country in Europe * Polish language * Poles Poles,, ; singular masculine: ''Polak'', singular feminine: ''Polka'' or Polish people, are a West Slavic nation and ethnic group, w ...

magazine published in

Cieszyn Cieszyn ( , ; cs, Těšín ; german: Teschen; la, Tessin; szl, Ćeszyn) is a border town in southern Poland on the east bank of the Olza River, and the administrative seat of Cieszyn County, Silesian Voivodeship. The town has 33,500 inhabitant ...

(Teschen),

Silesia Silesia (, also , ) is a historical region of Central Europe that lies mostly within Poland, with small parts in the Czech Republic and Germany. Its area is approximately , and the population is estimated at around 8,000,000. Silesia is split ...

in 1851-1939. After 1906 it appeared biweekly. It succeeded '' Tygodnik Cieszyński'' magazine which appeared in 1848-1851. The magazine accented the Polishness of

and aimed to enlighten and emancipate the people of

Cieszyn Silesia Cieszyn Silesia, Těšín Silesia or Teschen Silesia ( pl, Śląsk Cieszyński ; cs, Těšínské Slezsko or ; german: Teschener Schlesien or ) is a historical region in south-eastern Silesia, centered on the towns of Cieszyn and Český Tě ...

, spread national consciousness among Poles and present

Polish history The history of Poland spans over a thousand years, from medieval tribes, Christianization and monarchy; through Poland's Golden Age, expansionism and becoming one of the largest European powers; to its collapse and partitions, two world wars, ...

and traditions. It however disavowed from the radical social slogans. During the absolutist Bach system of the 1850s-1860s of the

Austrian Empire The Austrian Empire (german: link=no, Kaiserthum Oesterreich, modern spelling , ) was a Central-Eastern European multinational great power from 1804 to 1867, created by proclamation out of the realms of the Habsburgs. During its existence, ...

it was the only Polish magazine in Cieszyn Silesia. In the 1860s it had about 1,400 subscribers, 300 of whom lived in Silesia, 600 in Galicia. From the 1880s ''Gwiazdka Cieszyńska'' presented almost exclusively Catholic views, that were related to the spiritual evolution of editor Paweł Stalmach, who on his deathbed converted to Catholicism. From 1888 it was financed by the ''Katolickie Towarzystwo Prasowe'' (Catholic Press Society). ''Gwiazdka Cieszyńska'' later became the press expression of ''Związek Śląskich Katolików'' (ZŚlK, Association of Silesian Catholics), which in February 1923 merged with the

Polish Christian Democratic Party Polish Christian Democratic Party ( pl, Polskie Stronnictwo Chrześcijańskiej Demokracji, PSChD, commonly known as ''Chrześcijańska Demokracja'' or ''Chadecja''Note that the terms ''Chrześcijańska Demokracja'' or ''Chadecja'' in Poland can ref ...

. Before his death, editor Józef Londzin bequeathed the magazine together with all of its property to the ''Dziedzictwo Błogosławionego Jana Sarkandra'' (Heritage of Blessed Jan Sarkander). In 1927 the reactivated ''Związek Śląskich Katolików'' quarrelled with ''Dziedzictwo Błogosławionego Jana Sarkandra'' before the elections to the Silesian Sejm. In consequence the former (ZŚlK) lost its press association with ''Gwiazdka Cieszyńska''.Kenig 1998, 21. In 1930 the magazine adopted the Polish Christian Democratic stance. ''Gwiazdka Cieszyńska'' also stood also against the influence of the

socialist movement The history of socialism has its origins in the 1789 French Revolution and the changes which it brought, although it has precedents in earlier movements and ideas. ''The Communist Manifesto'' was written by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels in 1847-4 ...

. Regional writers who contributed to the magazine included Andrzej Cinciała, Andrzej Kotula, Ernest Farnik,

Emanuel Grim Emanuel Grim (1 January 1883 – 18 October 1950) was a Polish Catholic priest, writer and journalist from the region of Cieszyn Silesia. He was one of the most important figures of the Polish-Catholic political camp in Cieszyn Silesia in the ...

, Jan Kubisz and Oskar Zawisza.

Editors

* 1851-1887: Paweł Stalmach * 1889-1890: Andrzej Kusionowicz (afterwards Grodyński) * 1890: Józef Londzin * 1901-1902: Kazimierz Wróblewski * 1902-1929: Józef Londzin

Footnotes

References

* * {{DEFAULTSORT:Gwiazdka Cieszynska 1851 establishments in the Austrian Empire 1939 disestablishments in Poland Defunct magazines published in Poland Biweekly magazines Cieszyn Silesia Magazines established in 1851 Magazines disestablished in 1939 Mass media in Cieszyn News magazines published in Poland Polish-language magazines Weekly magazines published in Poland