Gustave Jéquier (14 August 1868,

Neuchâtel Neuchâtel (, ; ; ) is a list of towns in Switzerland, town, a Municipalities of Switzerland, municipality, and the capital (political), capital of the cantons of Switzerland, Swiss canton of Neuchâtel (canton), Neuchâtel on Lake Neuchâtel ...

Switzerland Switzerland, officially the Swiss Confederation, is a landlocked country located in west-central Europe. It is bordered by Italy to the south, France to the west, Germany to the north, and Austria and Liechtenstein to the east. Switzerland ...

– 24 March 1946, Neuchâtel) was an

Egyptologist Egyptology (from ''Egypt'' and Greek , ''-logia''; ) is the scientific study of ancient Egypt. The topics studied include ancient Egyptian history, language, literature, religion, architecture and art from the 5th millennium BC until the end ...

and one of the first

archaeologists Archaeology or archeology is the study of human activity through the recovery and analysis of material culture. The archaeological record consists of Artifact (archaeology), artifacts, architecture, biofact (archaeology), biofacts or ecofacts, ...

to excavate ancient

Persia Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran (IRI) and also known as Persia, is a country in West Asia. It borders Iraq to the west, Turkey, Azerbaijan, and Armenia to the northwest, the Caspian Sea to the north, Turkmenistan to the nort ...

n cities in what is now

Iran Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran (IRI) and also known as Persia, is a country in West Asia. It borders Iraq to the west, Turkey, Azerbaijan, and Armenia to the northwest, the Caspian Sea to the north, Turkmenistan to the nort ...

. He was a member of

Jacques de Morgan Jean-Jacques de Morgan (3 June 1857 – 14 June 1924) was a French mining engineer, geologist, and archaeologist. He was the director of antiquities in Egypt during the 19th century, and excavated in Memphis and Dahshur, providing many dra ...

's 1901

Susa Susa ( ) was an ancient city in the lower Zagros Mountains about east of the Tigris, between the Karkheh River, Karkheh and Dez River, Dez Rivers in Iran. One of the most important cities of the Ancient Near East, Susa served as the capital o ...

expedition, which led to the discovery of the famous

Code of Hammurabi The Code of Hammurabi is a Babylonian legal text composed during 1755–1750 BC. It is the longest, best-organized, and best-preserved legal text from the ancient Near East. It is written in the Old Babylonian dialect of Akkadian language, Akkadi ...

, now on display in the

Louvre The Louvre ( ), or the Louvre Museum ( ), is a national art museum in Paris, France, and one of the most famous museums in the world. It is located on the Rive Droite, Right Bank of the Seine in the city's 1st arrondissement of Paris, 1st arron ...

. Jéquier began his career under the guidance of the Egyptologists

Gaston Maspero Sir Gaston Camille Charles Maspero (23 June 1846 – 30 June 1916) was a French Egyptologist and director general of excavations and antiquities for the Egyptian government. Widely regarded as the foremost Egyptologist of his generation, he be ...

and Jacques de Morgan, and specialized in the

Predynastic Period Prehistoric Egypt and Predynastic Egypt was the period of time starting at the first human settlement and ending at the First Dynasty of Egypt around 3100 BC. At the end of prehistory, "Predynastic Egypt" is traditionally defined as the period ...

. He participated in major excavations sponsored by the

Supreme Council of Antiquities The Supreme Council of Antiquities (SCA; ) was established in 1994, responsible for the conservation, protection, and regulation of all antiquities and archaeological excavations in Egypt. From 1994 to 2011, the SCA was a department of the Egyptia ...

. Jéquier excavated sites at

Saqqara Saqqara ( : saqqāra ), also spelled Sakkara or Saccara in English , is an Egyptian village in the markaz (county) of Badrashin in the Giza Governorate, that contains ancient burial grounds of Egyptian royalty, serving as the necropolis for ...

, such as the pyramid of Ibi and the

pyramid of Khendjer The pyramid of Khendjer was a pyramid built for the burial of the 13th dynasty pharaoh Khendjer, who ruled Egypt c. 1760 BC during the Second Intermediate Period. The pyramid, which is part of larger complex comprising a mortuary temple, a chap ...

, at

Dahshur DahshurAlso transliterated ''Dahshour'' (in English often called ''Dashur''; ' ) is an ancient Egyptian pyramid complex and necropolis and shares the name of the nearby village of Manshiyyat Dahshur () in markaz Badrashin, Giza Governorate, Giza ...

Lisht Lisht or el-Lisht () is an Egyptian village located south of Cairo. It is the site of Middle Kingdom royal and elite burials, including two pyramids built by Amenemhat I and Senusret I. The two main pyramids were surrounded by smaller pyramids of ...

, and Mazghuna. Jéquier's work on the

Pyramid Texts The Pyramid Texts are the oldest ancient Egyptian funerary texts, dating to the late Old Kingdom. They are the earliest known corpus of ancient Egyptian religious texts. Written in Old Egyptian, the pyramid texts were carved onto the subterranea ...

was a significant step forward in the understanding of these religious works.

Publications

* (avec J.E. Gautier) ''Mémoire sur les fouilles de Licht'', 1902 * Avec

Georges Legrain Georges Albert Legrain (4 October 1865, in Paris – 22 August 1917, in Luxor) was a French Egyptologist. Life and work From 1883 to 1890 Legrain was a student at the École des Beaux-Arts in Paris, but he also studied Egyptology at that time, ...

Urbain Bouriant Urbain Bouriant (11 April 1849 – 19 June 1903) was a French Egyptologist, who discovered the Gospel of Peter in a tomb at Akhmim. He is best known from his translation of Al-Maqrizi, published as ''Description topographique et historique de l'Eg ...

, ''Monuments pour servir à l'étude du culte d'Atonou en Égypte I'', 1903 * ''Décoration égyptienne, plafonds et frises végétales du Nouvel Empire thébain (1400-1000 av. J.-C.)'', 1911 * ''Histoire de la civilisation égyptienne des origines à la conquête d'Alexandre'', 1913; réédition 1923 * ''Les Temples memphites et thébains des origines à la XVIIIe dynastie'', 1920 * ''Les Temples ramessides et saïtes de la XIXe à la XXXe dynastie'', 1922 * ''Le mastabat Faraoun : douze ans de fouilles à Saqqarah'', 1928 * ''La Pyramide d'Oudjebten'', 1928 * ''Deux pyramides du moyen empire'', 1932 * ''Les pyramides des reines Neit et Apouit'', Fouilles à Saqqarah, 1933 * ''La pyramide d'Aba'', 1935 * ''Rapport préliminaire sur les travaux exécutés en 1935-1936 dans la partie méridionale de la nécropole memphite'', ASAE, 1936 * ''Le monument funéraire de Pépi II'', volume I. : Le tombeau royal, 1936 ; volume II. : Le temple, 1938 ; volume III. : Les du temple, 1940 - IFAO * ''Douze ans de fouilles dans la nécropole memphite, 1924-1936'', Université de Neuchâtel, 1940 * (avec Léon et Michel Jéquier) ''Armorial neuchâtelois. Avec la collaboration de Gustave Jéquier'', Neuchâtel, La Baconnière, 1941–1944 * ''Considérations sur les religions égyptiennes'', Neuchâtel, La Baconnière, 1946

References

External links

Biography of Gustave Jéquier (French language)
* * 1868 births 1946 deaths Swiss Egyptologists People from Neuchâtel {{Egyptologist-stub