Gustav Hirschfeld (4 November 1847, Pyritz – 10 April 1895,

Wiesbaden Wiesbaden () is a city in central western Germany and the capital of the state of Hesse. , it had 290,955 inhabitants, plus approximately 21,000 United States citizens (mostly associated with the United States Army). The Wiesbaden urban area ...

) was a German classical archaeologist. He was the great-uncle of

Walter Benjamin Walter Bendix Schönflies Benjamin (; ; 15 July 1892 – 26 September 1940) was a German Jewish philosopher, cultural critic and essayist. An eclectic thinker, combining elements of German idealism, Romanticism, Western Marxism, and Jewish ...

Life

Born into a

Jewish Jews ( he, יְהוּדִים, , ) or Jewish people are an ethnoreligious group and nation originating from the Israelites Israelite origins and kingdom: "The first act in the long drama of Jewish history is the age of the Israelites""The ...

merchant family,Jonathan M. Hess, ''Middlebrow Literature and the Making of German-Jewish Identity'', Stanford University Press (2010), p. 201 he studied in

Tübingen Tübingen (, , Swabian: ''Dibenga'') is a traditional university city in central Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is situated south of the state capital, Stuttgart, and developed on both sides of the Neckar and Ammer rivers. about one in three ...

Leipzig Leipzig ( , ; Upper Saxon: ) is the most populous city in the German state of Saxony. Leipzig's population of 605,407 inhabitants (1.1 million in the larger urban zone) as of 2021 places the city as Germany's eighth most populous, as ...

and

Berlin Berlin ( , ) is the capital and List of cities in Germany by population, largest city of Germany by both area and population. Its 3.7 million inhabitants make it the European Union's List of cities in the European Union by population within ci ...

and from 1870 stayed in

Greece Greece,, or , romanized: ', officially the Hellenic Republic, is a country in Southeast Europe. It is situated on the southern tip of the Balkans, and is located at the crossroads of Europe, Asia, and Africa. Greece shares land borders ...

Italy Italy ( it, Italia ), officially the Italian Republic, ) or the Republic of Italy, is a country in Southern Europe. It is located in the middle of the Mediterranean Sea, and its territory largely coincides with the homonymous geographical ...

and

Asia Minor Anatolia, tr, Anadolu Yarımadası), and the Anatolian plateau, also known as Asia Minor, is a large peninsula in Western Asia and the westernmost protrusion of the Asian continent. It constitutes the major part of modern-day Turkey. The re ...

as a stipendary of the

German Archaeological Institute The German Archaeological Institute (german: Deutsches Archäologisches Institut, ''DAI'') is a research institute in the field of archaeology (and other related fields). The DAI is a "federal agency" under the Federal Foreign Office of Germany ...

. From 1875 to 1877 he led the German excavations at Olympia, for which he was appointed

extraordinary professor Academic ranks in Germany are the titles, relative importance and power of professors, researchers, and administrative personnel held in academia. Overview Appointment grades * (Pay grade: ''W3'' or ''W2'') * (''W3'') * (''W2'') * (''W2'', ...

(1878) then

ordinary professor Academic ranks in Germany are the titles, relative importance and power of professors, researchers, and administrative personnel held in academia. Overview Appointment grades * (Pay grade: ''W3'' or ''W2'') * (''W3'') * (''W2'') * (''W2'', ...

(1880) at the

University of Königsberg The University of Königsberg (german: Albertus-Universität Königsberg) was the university of Königsberg in East Prussia. It was founded in 1544 as the world's second Protestant academy (after the University of Marburg) by Duke Albert of Pruss ...

Works

* ''Tituli statuarum sculptorumque graecorum'' (Berlin 1871) * ''Athena und Marsyas'' (Berlin 1872) * ''Paphlagonische Felsengräber'' (Berlin 1885) * ''Berichte über alte Geographie'' (1885) * ''Die Felsenreliefs in Kleinasien und das Volk der Hittiter'' (1887) * ''Griechische Inschriften des Britischen Museums'' (1893) *he contributed to the first two volumes of '' Ausgrabungen zu Olympia'' (Berlin 1877-78) *From 1884 he wrote on the geographical investigation of ancient culture in the ''Geographischen Jahrbuch'' * ''Aus dem Orient'' (posthumously published 1897)

Literature

* *

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Hirschfeld 1847 births 1895 deaths People from Pyrzyce People from the Province of Pomerania 19th-century German Jews German classical scholars German archaeologists University of Tübingen alumni Leipzig University alumni Humboldt University of Berlin alumni Academic staff of the University of Königsberg