Gunib ( av, Гъуниб), also spelled Ghunib,
[e.g., ]Francis Galton
Sir Francis Galton, FRS FRAI (; 16 February 1822 – 17 January 1911), was an English Victorian era polymath: a statistician, sociologist, psychologist, anthropologist, tropical explorer, geographer, inventor, meteorologist, proto- ...
, ''Vacation Tourists and Notes of Travel in 1860 861, 1862-3', Vol. 3, p. 81; Moshe Gammer, ''Muslim Resistance to the Tsar: Shamil and the Conquest of Chechnia and Daghestan'' (Taylor & Francis, 2003; ), p. 277. is a
rural locality
In general, a rural area or a countryside is a geographic area that is located outside towns and cities. Typical rural areas have a low population density and small settlements. Agricultural areas and areas with forestry typically are describ ...
(a ''
selo'') and the
administrative center
An administrative center is a seat of regional administration or local government, or a county town, or the place where the central administration of a commune
A commune is an alternative term for an intentional community. Commune or comună or ...
of
Ghunib District of the
Republic of Daghestan
Dagestan ( ; rus, Дагеста́н, , dəɡʲɪˈstan, links=yes), officially the Republic of Dagestan (russian: Респу́блика Дагеста́н, Respúblika Dagestán, links=no), is a republic of Russia situated in the North C ...
. Population: After the dissolution of the Soviet Union, the population of Gunib went into decline. Only in 2014 did it reach its Soviet-era population again.
History
Ghunib was historically important as a natural fortress during the
Caucasian War
The Caucasian War (russian: Кавказская война; ''Kavkazskaya vojna'') or Caucasus War was a 19th century military conflict between the Russian Empire and various peoples of the North Caucasus who resisted subjugation during the R ...
of the 19th century.
Imam Shamil
Imam Shamil ( av, Шейх Шамил, Şeyx Şamil; ar, الشيخ شامل; russian: Имам Шамиль; 26 June 1797 – 4 February 1871) was the political, military, and spiritual leader of North Caucasian resistance to Imperial Russia in ...
, leader of the
Chechen and Daghestani tribes, made his last stand against the
Russians
, native_name_lang = ru
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, population =
, popplace =
118 million Russians in the Russian Federation (2002 ''Winkler Prins'' estimate)
, region1 =
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at Ghunib, where he gave himself up to the Russian commander, Prince
Alexander Baryatinsky, on 25 August 1859. The name is derived from the
Avar word ''Guni-meer'' which translates to ''heap of stones''.
Olga Forsh
Olga Dmitryevna Forsh (russian: О́льга Дми́триевна Форш, ), née Komarova (russian: Комаро́ва) (July 17, 1961), was a Russian/Soviet novelist, dramatist, memoirist, and scenarist.
Early life
Forsh was born in the for ...
was born in Ghunib in 1873.
In 1895, the town housed the barracks of the Samur regiment and the Terek-Dagestan fortress artillery, and grew into a self-sufficient entity with merchants, conscripts, an Orthodox church, and a post office. During the
Russian Empire
The Russian Empire was an empire and the final period of the Russian monarchy from 1721 to 1917, ruling across large parts of Eurasia. It succeeded the Tsardom of Russia following the Treaty of Nystad, which ended the Great Northern War. ...
, the settlement was the administrative capital of the
Gunibsky Okrug.
References
{{Authority control
Rural localities in Gunibsky District