Guido Carli (28 March 1914 – 23 April 1993) was an Italian banker, economist and politician.
Guido Carli il timoniere della lira
/ref>
His father was the prominent fascist sociologist Filippo Carli
Filippo Carli (8 March 1876 – 27 May 1938) was an Italian sociologist and fascist economist.
After graduating in law in 1916, he was appointed as secretary of the Chamber of Commerce of Brescia. He retained this post until 1928 meanwhile studyi ...
.
Biography
He was the son of Filippo Carli (1876–1938), a university professor of Sociology and Political Economy, as well as trade unionist and member of the National Fascist Party
The National Fascist Party ( it, Partito Nazionale Fascista, PNF) was a political party in Italy, created by Benito Mussolini as the political expression of Italian Fascism and as a reorganization of the previous Italian Fasces of Combat. The ...
since its origins, who wrote a famous essay on the theoretical basis of the fascist state (corporate state). This fact led Guido Carli to write in some fascist magazines.
Graduated in Law from the University of Padua, he began his career in 1937 as an official at IRI
IRI or I.R.I. refers to:
Businesses and organizations
* Iringa Airport, an airport in Tanzania serving Iringa and the surrounding Iringa Region by IATA airport code
* India Rejuvenation Initiative, an Indian anti-corruption organization forme ...
.
After an experience at the International Monetary Fund
The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is a major financial agency of the United Nations, and an international financial institution, headquartered in Washington, D.C., consisting of 190 countries. Its stated mission is "working to foster globa ...
, he became President of Mediocredito from 1953 to 1956; then he served as Minister of Foreign Trade in the Zoli government, from 20 May 1957 to 2 July 1958, assuming an important role of reassurance of the international markets.
From 1959 to 1960, he was President of Crediop
Dexia Crediop S.p.A. is an Italian bank specializing in financing public infrastructure. It was part of Dexia Group, as the owner of 70% shares. Banco Popolare, Banca Popolare di Milano and Banca Popolare dell'Emilia Romagna owned 10% each as minor ...
; subsequently, in October 1959, he was appointed Director General of the Bank of Italy
The Bank of Italy (Italian: ''Banca d'Italia'', informally referred to as ''Bankitalia''), (), is the central bank of Italy and part of the European System of Central Banks. It is located in Palazzo Koch, via Nazionale, Rome. The bank's curre ...
. He became its governor in August 1960, replacing Donato Menichella, while assuming the office of President of the Italian Exchange Office. He immediately called for greater concertation between central banks and, after the fluctuating trend of the Italian lira
The lira (; plural lire) was the currency of Italy between 1861 and 2002. It was first introduced by the Napoleonic Kingdom of Italy in 1807 at par with the French franc, and was subsequently adopted by the different states that would eventually f ...
during the decade of the economic boom, was managing the effects of currency tensions coming from the United States, which culminated in the abandonment of the gold-dollar parity and with the Smithsonian Agreement
The Smithsonian Agreement, announced in December 1971, created a new dollar standard, whereby the currencies of a number of industrialized states were pegged to the US dollar. These currencies were allowed to fluctuate by 2.25% against the doll ...
.
He remained in office until 18 August 1975, when he resigned. He was replaced by Paolo Baffi
Paolo Baffi (5 August 1911 – 4 August 1989) was an Italian academic, banker, and economist. He was the Governor of Bank of Italy from 1975 to 1979.
Biography
He was born at Broni. He became governor of the Bank of Italy in 1975, succeeding Gui ...
, his main collaborator — although the views were not always coincident — as general manager of the issuing institution since 1960.
From 1976 to 1980, he was president of Confindustria
The General Confederation of Italian Industry ( it, Confederazione generale dell'industria italiana), commonly known as Confindustria, is the Italy, Italian employers' federation and national chamber of commerce, founded in 1910. It groups togeth ...
.
He was elected Senator as an independent among the ranks of the Christian Democracy
Christian democracy (sometimes named Centrist democracy) is a political ideology that emerged in 19th-century Europe under the influence of Catholic social teaching and neo-Calvinism.
It was conceived as a combination of modern democratic ...
in 1983 and in 1987; in 1992, he was not re-elected. He was president of Assonime (Association of Italian Joint Stock Companies) from 1989 to 1991. He also served as Minister of Treasure in the sixth and seventh Andreotti government, from 22 July 1989 to 24 April 1992. During his mandate he was one of the signatories of the Maastricht Treaty
The Treaty on European Union, commonly known as the Maastricht Treaty, is the foundation treaty of the European Union (EU). Concluded in 1992 between the then-twelve member states of the European Communities, it announced "a new stage in the ...
for Italy.
From 1 November 1978 to his death, he was president of the LUISS University of Rome, which in 1994 (one year after his death) changed its name to "LUISS Guido Carli".
Awards and honors
See also
*
References
, -
, -
{{DEFAULTSORT:Carli, Guido
1914 births
1993 deaths
Politicians from Brescia
Christian Democracy (Italy) politicians
Government ministers of Italy
Members of the National Council (Italy)
Senators of Legislature IX of Italy
Senators of Legislature X of Italy
Businesspeople from Brescia
Italian bankers
European Union lobbyists
Presidents of Confindustria
20th-century Italian economists
Governors of the Bank of Italy
20th-century Italian businesspeople
Grand Crosses 1st class of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany