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Gudrun Bühnemann is a professor in the Department of Asian Languages and Cultures at the
University of Wisconsin, Madison A university () is an institution of higher (or tertiary) education and research which awards academic degrees in several academic disciplines. Universities typically offer both undergraduate and postgraduate programs. In the United States, t ...
. She is an
Indologist Indology, also known as South Asian studies, is the academic study of the history and cultures, languages, and literature of the Indian subcontinent, and as such is a subset of Asian studies. The term ''Indology'' (in German, ''Indologie'') is o ...
whose research interests include
Sanskrit Sanskrit (; attributively , ; nominally , , ) is a classical language belonging to the Indo-Aryan branch of the Indo-European languages. It arose in South Asia after its predecessor languages had diffused there from the northwest in the late ...
language and literature,
Buddhism Buddhism ( , ), also known as Buddha Dharma and Dharmavinaya (), is an Indian religion or philosophical tradition based on teachings attributed to the Buddha. It originated in northern India as a -movement in the 5th century BCE, and gra ...
,
Hinduism Hinduism () is an Indian religion or '' dharma'', a religious and universal order or way of life by which followers abide. As a religion, it is the world's third-largest, with over 1.2–1.35 billion followers, or 15–16% of the global p ...
,
Tantrism Tantra (; sa, तन्त्र, lit=loom, weave, warp) are the esoteric traditions of Hinduism and Buddhism that developed on the Indian subcontinent from the middle of the 1st millennium CE onwards. The term ''tantra'', in the Indian ...
and
yoga Yoga (; sa, योग, lit=yoke' or 'union ) is a group of physical, mental, and spiritual practices or disciplines which originated in ancient India and aim to control (yoke) and still the mind, recognizing a detached witness-consciou ...
studies. Her work has especially attracted the interest of scholars working on South Asian
iconography Iconography, as a branch of art history, studies the identification, description and interpretation of the content of images: the subjects depicted, the particular compositions and details used to do so, and other elements that are distinct fro ...
and ritual and of scholars of the emerging discipline of Yoga Studies for her discovery of early illustrated manuscripts including the ''
Joga Pradīpikā The ''Joga Pradīpikā'' (जोगप्रदीपिका, "A Small Light on Yoga") is a hatha yoga text by Ramanandi Jayatarama written in 1737 in a mixture of Hindi, Braj Bhasa, Khari Boli and forms close to Sanskrit. It presents 6 cleansi ...
'' showing sets of 84
asana An asana is a body posture, originally and still a general term for a sitting meditation pose,Verse 46, chapter II, "Patanjali Yoga sutras" by Swami Prabhavananda, published by the Sri Ramakrishna Math p. 111 and later extended in hatha yoga ...
s.


Life

Gudrun Bühnemann was born in Germany. She obtained her PhD in Classical Indian and Buddhist Studies at the
University of Vienna The University of Vienna (german: Universität Wien) is a public research university located in Vienna, Austria. It was founded by Duke Rudolph IV in 1365 and is the oldest university in the German-speaking world. With its long and rich histor ...
. She spent extended periods of time as a post-doctoral researcher at
Pune University Savitribai Phule Pune University (SPPU), formerly the University of Poona, is a collegiate public state university located in the city of Pune, India. It was established in 1949, and is spread over a campus in the neighbourhood of Ganeshk ...
in India and at
Nagoya University , abbreviated to or NU, is a Japanese national research university located in Chikusa-ku, Nagoya. It was the seventh Imperial University in Japan, one of the first five Designated National University and selected as a Top Type university of T ...
and
Kyoto University , mottoeng = Freedom of academic culture , established = , type = National university, Public (National) , endowment = ¥ 316 billion (2.4 1000000000 (number), billion USD) , faculty = 3,480 (Teaching Staff) , administrative_staff ...
in Japan. Her research has been supported by fellowships from the
National Endowment for the Humanities The National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH) is an independent federal agency of the U.S. government, established by thNational Foundation on the Arts and the Humanities Act of 1965(), dedicated to supporting research, education, preserv ...
, the
American Council of Learned Societies American(s) may refer to: * American, something of, from, or related to the United States of America, commonly known as the "United States" or "America" ** Americans, citizens and nationals of the United States of America ** American ancestry, pe ...
, the
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science The is an Independent Administrative Institution in Japan, established for the purpose of contributing to the advancement of science in all fields of the natural and social sciences and the humanities.JSPSweb page History The Japan Society for ...
and the German Research Council, among other organizations. She has published numerous books on South Asian iconography and ritual. These often use material from previously unpublished manuscripts and from illustrated manuscripts. She is on the faculty of the
University of Wisconsin, Madison A university () is an institution of higher (or tertiary) education and research which awards academic degrees in several academic disciplines. Universities typically offer both undergraduate and postgraduate programs. In the United States, t ...
.


Reception

Sanjukta Gupta, reviewing her edited collection ''Mandalas and Yantras in the Hindu Tradition'', calls the book "a wonderfully designed volume of essays" and praises Bühnemann with the words "The editor, Professor Gudrun Bühnemann, has already published excellent works on Hindu gods, rituals and iconography. This is no exception."
Richard Rosen Richard Rosen is an American politician and businessman who served as member of the Maine Senate from the 31st District, where he represented part of Penobscot and Hancock counties, including the population centers of Bucksport and Brewer. C ...
calls Bühnemann's ''Eighty-Four Asanas in Yoga'' "comprehensive", and notes that the number 84 signifies completeness and sometimes sacredness. Mark Singleton notes of the same work that Bühnemann demonstrated that
asana An asana is a body posture, originally and still a general term for a sitting meditation pose,Verse 46, chapter II, "Patanjali Yoga sutras" by Swami Prabhavananda, published by the Sri Ramakrishna Math p. 111 and later extended in hatha yoga ...
s had been illustrated from very early in the modern period, for instance in the ''
Joga Pradīpikā The ''Joga Pradīpikā'' (जोगप्रदीपिका, "A Small Light on Yoga") is a hatha yoga text by Ramanandi Jayatarama written in 1737 in a mixture of Hindi, Braj Bhasa, Khari Boli and forms close to Sanskrit. It presents 6 cleansi ...
'', and that her study showed that standing poses were largely missing from
hatha yoga Haṭha yoga is a branch of yoga which uses physical techniques to try to preserve and channel the vital force or energy. The Sanskrit word हठ ''haṭha'' literally means "force", alluding to a system of physical techniques. Some haṭha ...
. I. M. P. Raeside, reviewing her ''Puja: A Study in Smārta Ritual'', calls it a very full study of the theory and practice of Puja in Hinduism, noting its value in describing three specific traditional pujas, countering in Raeside's view "trendy pujas, which have only tenuous connexions with earlier Hindu rites". He notes that Bühnemann "has benefited throughout from a lengthy residence in Poona from 1982 to 1985" where she attended and discussed "many of these ceremonies".


Works/Books


Publication list on website
* 1980 ''Der allwissende Buddha: Ein Beweis und seine Probleme. Ratnakīrtis Sarvajñasiddhi übersetzt und kommentiert'' * 1982 ''Jitāri: Kleine Texte beschrieben und ediert'' (second edition, 1985) * 1983 ''Budha-Kauśika's Rāmarakṣāstotra: A Contribution to the Study of Sanskrit Devotional Poetry'' (Marathi translation, 2007) * 1986 ''Stotramālā, An die Götter: Eine Auswahl von Sanskrithymnen in deutscher Übersetzung'' (in German) * 1988 ''Pūjā: A Study in Smārta Ritual'' * 1988 ''The Worship of Mahāgaṇapati according to the Nityotsava'' (first Indian edition, 2003) * 1989 ''Forms of Gaṇeśa: A Study based on the Vidyārṇavatantra''(Indian revised edition, 2008: Tantric Forms of Gaṇeśa according to the Vidyārṇavatantra) * 1990 ''The Hindu Deities Illustrated according to the Pratiṣṭhālakṣaṇasārasamuccaya'' (completely revised, 2003: The Hindu Pantheon in Nepalese Line Drawings) * 1991 ''Niṣpannayogāvalī. Two Sanskrit Manuscripts from Nepal'' * 1994 ''*Sādhanaśataka and *Sādhanaśatapañcāśikā. Two Buddhist Sādhana Collections in Sanskrit Manuscript'' * 2000-2001 ''The Iconography of Hindu Tantric Deities'' (2nd edition, 2016) ::: Volume 1: ''The Pantheon of the Mantramahodadhi'' ::: Volume 2: ''The Pantheons of the Prapañcasāra and the Śāradātilaka'' * 2003 ''Maṇḍalas and Yantras in the Hindu Traditions'' (revised edition, 2007) * 2003 ''Buddhist Deities of Nepal: Iconography in Two Sketchbooks'' * 2007 ''Eighty-Four Asanas in Yoga: A Survey of Traditions with Illustrations'' (second edition, 2011; Russian and Korean translations, 2009 and 2011) * 2008 ''Buddhist Iconography and Ritual in Paintings and Line Drawings from Nepal'' * 2011 ''Buddhism for Dummies'' (with J. Landaw and S. Bodian), second edition * 2012 ''The Life of the Buddha: Buddhist and Śaiva Iconography and Visual Narratives in Artists' Sketchbooks from Nepal'' * 2015 ''Śākyamuni's Return Journey to Lumbinī (lumbinīyātrā): A Study of a Popular Theme in Newar Buddhist Art and Literature''


References


Sources

* *


External links


At Academia.edu
(free downloads of many of Bühnemann's works) * Personal Website: http://buhnemann.ls.wisc.edu/ *
Yoga in Transformation: Historical and Contemporary Perspectives
' 2018, with chapter by Bühnemann "Nāga, Siddha and Sage: Visions of Patañjali as an Authority on Yoga"
Profile at ResearchGate
{{DEFAULTSORT:Buhnemann, Gudrun Year of birth missing (living people) Living people Yoga scholars University of Wisconsin–Madison faculty University of Vienna alumni