Gryllacrididae are a family of non-jumping insects in the suborder

Ensifera Ensifera is a suborder of insects that includes the various types of crickets and their allies including: true crickets, camel crickets, bush crickets or katydids, grigs, weta and Cooloola monsters. This and the suborder Caelifera (grassh ...

occurring worldwide, known commonly as leaf-rolling crickets or raspy crickets. The family historically has been broadly defined to include what are presently several other families, such as Stenopelmatidae ("Jerusalem crickets") and

Rhaphidophoridae The orthopteran family Rhaphidophoridae of the suborder Ensifera has a worldwide distribution. Common names for these insects include cave wētā, cave crickets, camelback crickets, camel crickets, Hogan bugs, spider crickets (sometimes shorten ...

("camel crickets"), now considered separate. As presently defined, the family contains two subfamilies: Gryllacridinae and

Hyperbaeninae HyperbaeninaeCadena-Castañeda (2019) ''Zootaxa'' 4605(1): 11. is a subfamily of Orthopterans, sometimes known as 'leaf-folding crickets' in the family Gryllacrididae; ''Hyperbaenus ensifer'' is the type species. The known distribution includes t ...

.Orthoptera Species File: family Gryllacrididae Blanchard, 1845 (version 5.0: retrieved 19 July 2019)
/ref> They are commonly wingless and nocturnal. In the daytime, most species rest in shelters made from folded leaves sewn with

silk Silk is a natural protein fiber, some forms of which can be woven into textiles. The protein fiber of silk is composed mainly of fibroin and is produced by certain insect larvae to form cocoons. The best-known silk is obtained from the ...

. Some species use silk to burrow in sand, earth or wood. Raspy crickets evolved the ability to produce silk independently from other insects, but their silk has many convergent features to silkworm silk, being made of long, repetitive proteins with an extended beta-sheet structure.

Subfamilies, tribes and selected genera

The ''Orthoptera Species File'' lists two subfamilies:

Gryllacridinae

;tribe Ametrini Cadena-Castañeda, 2019 * '' Ametrus'' Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1888 * '' Apterolarnaca'' Gorochov, 2004 ;tribe Ametroidini Cadena-Castañeda, 2019 * '' Ametroides'' Karny, 1928 * '' Glomeremus'' Karny, 1937 ;tribe Eremini Cadena-Castañeda, 2019 * '' Eremus'' Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1888 ;tribe Gryllacridini Blanchard, 1845 * '' Camptonotus'' Uhler, 1864 * '' Furcilarnaca'' Gorochov, 2004 * '' Gryllacris'' Serville, 1831 – type genus * ''

Larnaca (cricket) ''Larnaca''Walker F (1869) ''Catalogue of the Specimens of Dermaptera Saltatoria in the Collection of the British Museum'' 1: 190. is an Asian genus of Orthopterans, sometimes known as 'leaf-folding crickets', in the subfamily Gryllacridinae and ...

'' Walker, 1869

Hyperbaeninae HyperbaeninaeCadena-Castañeda (2019) ''Zootaxa'' 4605(1): 11. is a subfamily of Orthopterans, sometimes known as 'leaf-folding crickets' in the family Gryllacrididae; ''Hyperbaenus ensifer'' is the type species. The known distribution includes t ...

;tribe Asarcogryllacridini Cadena-Castañeda, 2019 * '' Asarcogryllacris'' Karny, 1937 * '' Zalarnaca'' Gorochov, 2005 ;tribe Capnogryllacridini Cadena-Castañeda, 2019 * '' Capnogryllacris'' Karny, 1937 (synonym ''Marthogryllacris'' Karny, 1937) * '' Woznessenskia'' Gorochov, 2002 ;tribe Hyperbaenini Cadena-Castañeda, 2019 * '' Hyperbaenus'' Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1888 – type genus for subfamily ;tribe Paragryllacridini Cadena-Castañeda, 2019 * '' Paragryllacris'' Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1888 ;tribe Phryganogryllacridini Cadena-Castañeda, 2019 * '' Phryganogryllacris'' Karny, 1937

Fossil taxa (unplaced)

*'' Plesiolarnaca'' † *'' Pseudogryllacris'' † *'' Xenogryllacris'' † - ''X. reductus'' Riek, 1955 Note: The genus '' Lezina'' of the subfamily Lezininae is now placed in the family

Anostostomatidae Anostostomatidae is a family of insects in the order Orthoptera, widely distributed in the southern hemisphere. It is named Mimnermidae or Henicidae in some taxonomies, and common names include ''king crickets'' in South Africa and ''wētā'' in ...

References

External links

* * Article discussing Gryllacrididae and its behavior {{Taxonbar, from=Q1189822 Orthoptera families Articles containing video clips